1、 M1unit5.按要求写出下列单词1法则，原则，原理n._2质量，品质，性质n._3报酬，奖金；奖赏n.& v_4共和国，共和政体 n_5指导，引导 n_6同盟，联盟，联合会 n_7舞台，阶段，时期 n_8表决；投票，选举 n& v_9进攻，攻击 v_10总统，会长，校长，行长 n_11活跃的，积极的adj._不积极的，不活跃的adj._活动 n_12残忍，残酷n._残忍的，残酷的 adj._残忍地，残酷地 adv._13平等的adj._平等地 adv._平等n._14献身，专心于 v_忠诚，奉献n._忠实的，深爱的adj._15法律的，依照法律的adj._非法的 adj._非法地 adv.
2、_.翻译下列短语1把某人投入监狱_ 2设立，建立_3丧失信心或勇气_ 4事实上_5使充气；爆炸 _ 6失业_7被判处(徒刑)_ 8担心，担忧 _9上台，当权 _ 10在方面慷慨_III完成句子1Only when I had another failure in my jobseeking_(我意识到) knowledge is valuable.(realize)2I recognized her_(我一看见她)(moment)3_(致力于她的事业)，she got success.(devote)4He was_(判处3个月监禁)(sentence)5When you_(陷入困境)，you
3、 can_(求助) your parents.第二部分：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，然后从2140各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。We live in a fast-paced and anxiety-filled world that oftentimes seems to shift beneath our feet. Thus we are sometimes affected by fears or anxiety impacting our life. For as long as I could remember
4、I had struggled with anxiety. After I left university, I made friends with a Moroccan woman at work. One day she invited me to 21 her and her family back home. I wanted to, but I would have to travel there 22 and I knew we would be in a very rural area. How would I cope with my 23 ? Then one day it
5、24 to me that I had a life to live. I could choose to let anxiety 25 me or I could go to Morocco and 26 something different. I was 23 years old and had never been out of the UK alone. The journey to Morocco 27 something inside me. I managed to cope with my anxiety. The sense of 28 was overwhelming a
6、nd still to this day when I get afraid of going somewhere alone, I remember how 29 it felt when I arrived in Morocco. Upon arrival I was so 30 for the generous welcome I received. My friends family had arranged a welcome party. The people were so loving toward me. As a moment of 31 felt in a faraway
7、 village, this reminded me that I was “good enough”, which helped to 32 my anxiety. Waking up the next day, in the morning light, I saw the area where we were. I was 33 by how rural it was and the realization that these people had very few 34 . In the days afterwards, I traveled around Morocco. We w
8、ent to Marrakesh and 35 the Atlas mountains. We had the most amazing food lots of fresh fruits and vegetables. At the end of my 36 something inside me had changed. I realized I had not felt anxious for nearly two weeks. Experiencing a different culture far away from home helped me to realize what is
9、 important in life, what really 37 , and with that my anxiety 38 . When I returned home I was much more active in 39 my anxiety. Working with people, helping them 40 their anxiety, is how I can share the love I found in Morocco.21. A. send B. consult C. call D. visit22. A. alone B. soon C. free D. s
10、afe23. A. workB. curiosity C. homesickness D. worries24. A. appeared B. hit C. struckD. occurred25. A. impress B. control C. reach D. persuade26. A. enjoy B. experienceC. take D. experiment27. A. changed B. moved C. supported D. impressed28. A. achievement B. fear C. disappointment D. embarrassment2
11、9. A. good B. ashamed C. afraid D. proud30. A. sorry B. confused C. confident D. thankful31. A. doubt B. luck C. love D. surprise32. A. improve B. hold C. protect D. reduce33. A. inspired B. moved C. pleased D. shocked34. A. lands B. difficulties C. resources D. friends35. A. discovered B. explored
12、C. examined D. recognized36. A. opportunity B. rush C. stay D. life37. A. rules B. exists C. matters D. hurts38. A. disappeared B. expanded C. remained D. removed39. A. expressing B. challenging C. forgetting D. remembering40. A. drop B. notice C. pass D. overcome第二部分：阅读理解A When people first walked
13、across the Bering Land Bridge thousands of years ago, dogs were by their sides, according to a study published in the journal Science. Robert Wayne of the University of California, Los Angeles, and Jennifer Leonard of the Smithsonian Institute, used DNA materialsome of it unearthed by miners in Alas
14、kato conclude that todays domestic dog originated in Asia and accompanied the first humans to the New World about 10,000 to 15,000 years ago. Wayne suggests that mans best friend may have enabled the tough journey from Asia into North America. “Dogs may have been the reason people made it across the
15、 land bridge,” said Wayne. “They can pull things, carry things, defend you from fierce animals, and theyre useful to eat.” Researchers have agreed that todays dog is the result of the domestication(驯化) of wolves thousands of years ago. Before this recent study, a common thought about the precise ori
16、gin of North Americas domestic dog was that Natives domesticated local wolves, the descendents(后代) of which now live with people in Alaska, Canada, and the Lower 48. Dog remains from a Fairbanks-area gold mine helped the scientists reach their conclusion. Leonard, an evolutionary biologist, collecte
17、d DNA from 11 bones of ancient dogs that were locked in permafrost(永冻层) until Fairbanks miners uncovered them in the 1920s. The miners donated the preserved bones to the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, where they remained untouched for more than 70 years. After borrowing the bon
18、es from the museum, Leonard and her colleagues used radiocarbon techniques to find the age of the Alaska dogs. They found the dogs all lived between the years of 1450 and 1675 A.D., before Vitus Bering and Aleksey Chirikov who were the first known Europeans to view Alaska in 1741. The bones of dogs
19、that wandered the Fairbanks area centuries ago should therefore be the remains of “pure native American dogs,” Leonard said. The DNA of the Fairbanks dogs would also expose whether they were the descendents of wolves from North America. Along with the Fairbanks samples, the researchers collected DNA
20、 from bones of 37 dog specimens(标本) from Mexico, Peru, and Bolivia that existed before the arrival of Columbus. In the case of both the Alaska dogs and the dogs from Latin America, the researchers found that they shared the most genetic material with gray wolves of Europe and Asia. This supports the
21、 idea of domestic dogs entering the New World with the first human explorers who wandered east over the land bridge. Leonard and Waynes study suggests that dogs joined the first humans that made the adventure across the Bering Land Bridge to slowly populate the Americas. Wayne thinks the dogs that m
22、ade the trip must have provided some excellent service to their human companions or they would not have been brought along. “Dogs must have been useful because they were expensive to keep,” Wayne said. “They didnt feed on mice; they fed on meat, which was a very guarded resource.”41. The underlined
23、word “remains” is closed in meaning to _. A. leftover food B. animal waste C. dead bodies D. living environment42. According to the study described in Paragraph 4, we can learn that _. A. ancient dogs entered North America between 1450 and 1675 AD B. the 11 bones of ancient dogs are not from native
24、American dogs C. the bones discovered by the gold miners were from North American wolves D. the bones studied were not from dogs brought into North America by Europeans43. What can we know from the passage? A. Native Americans domesticated local wolves into dogs. B. Scientists discovered some ancien
25、t dog remains in 1920s. C. Latin Americas dogs are different from North Americas in genes. D. Ancient dogs entered North America across the Bering Land Bridge.44. The first humans into the New World brought dogs along with them because _. A. dogs fed on mice B. dogs were easy to keep C. dogs helped
26、protect their resources D. dogs could provide excellent service45. What does the passage mainly talk about _. A. the origin of the North American dogs B. the DNA study of ancient dogs in America C. the reasons why early people entered America D. the difference between Asian and American dogsBAlthoug
27、h travelers can try dishes from around China and the globe in well-known food cities like Beijing and Shanghai, it is outside these major metropolises where a world of exciting Chinese cuisine(中国菜) awaits the true foodie(美食家). With this in mind and after three years of living in China and writing ab
28、out Chinese food, I started a six-month journey with my husband and two daughters. Here are four of the eight most amazing Chinese food cities Ive come across so far. The list is in no particular order. 1. Chengdu, Sichuan Province Crowned as Asias first UNESCO City of Gastronomy(美食学) in 2010, Cheng
29、du is best-known for its fiery hot pot and spicy dishes, which are characterized by the use of Sichuan pepper and are usually layered with salty, sour and sweet flavors. There are also dishes that arent spicy at all, such as beer-braised duck. Hot pot is as ubiquitous in the city as the smell of chi
30、li. At Zigong Delicious Hotpot, the house specialty(招牌菜) tiaoshui wa is a cauldron(大锅) of fiery chili(辣椒) to which vegetables, noodles or other meats can be added. For a real taste of Sichuans signature（招牌）pepper, hua jiao, spend a morning at the Chengdu Spice Market where the locals sell and buy it
31、 by the sack. 2. Lanzhou, Gansu Province Synonymous in the minds of food-lovers with hand-pulled beef noodles, Lanzhou also has one of the liveliest street food night markets in China. Just west of the city center, the buzzing Zhengning Road bazaar（集市）houses more than 100 street food stalls. Availab
32、le is a broad selection of hot and cold dishes with emphasis on local Hui cuisine. No trip to Lanzhou is complete without feasting on noodles at Wumule Penhui, the 2012 winners of Lanzhous annual pulled noodle competition. The halal restaurant makes noodles spicy enough to satisfy even the most hard
33、ened heat-seekers. 3. Guangzhou, Guangdong Province The birthplace of Cantonese food, Guangzhou is thought by many as the best place to eat in China. The city of 12 million has a passionate food culture, with equal excitement reserved for the opening of a hole-in-the-wall congee joint（粥店）and a high-
34、end restaurant. The local cuisine is characterized by fresh clean flavors（口味）, seafood, barbecued meats and the wonderful tradition of yum cha, which is tea drinking accompanied by dumplings and small dishes. Congee is the way locals love to start their day, and one of the most popular vendors is Ru
35、 Xuan Sha Guo Zhou. Here, one can get a bowl of signature seafood congee any hour of the day. Roast meats are Bing Shengs most popular ordertheir roast goose is marinated（腌制）with five-spice, boiled, air-dried, then roasted by a flame oven to give a crisp skin. For something more home style and remov
36、ed from the madness of downtown, head to Ji Cun for steamed chicken and simple farmer-style dishes. 4. Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province This ancient canal city is home to huangjiu, an amber-colored rice wine thats important in Chinese cooking. Open since 1894, the dining chain is known by almost every Ch
37、inese for its appearance in early 20th century novels by Chinese literati Lu Xun. Xianhengs delicacies（佳肴）include crispy-skinned chicken, smoked red dates in rice wine, beans flavored with fennel(茴香), and crispy bream in rice wine. Fried fermented（发酵的）tofu is also a local specialty, which is availab
38、le all over town at small street stalls including one just outside Xianheng. 46. The writers purpose of the passage is to _. A. share her story and impression on Chinese cuisines B. tell readers how to comment on amazing Chinese food cities C. talk the readers into enjoying the signature food such a
39、s hand-pulled noodles D. express her preference for fiery hot pot and spicy dishes in Chengdu.47. The underlined word “ubiquitous” can be replaced by _. A. charming and attractive B. smelly and disgusting C. common and popular D. fiery and spicy48. If a fresh clean flavor is to a foodies taste, whic
40、h couple of cities is he likely to make a trip to? A. Chengdu, Lanzhou B. Lanzhou, Guangzhou C. Guangzhou, Shaoxing D. Shaoxing, Chengdu49. According to the writer, what message of food culture is brought out in the passage? A. Cantonese food is characterized by a sea of marinated dishes.来源:163文库B.
41、Huangjiu is widely believed to be essential in Chinese cooking.C. Pepper, chili and huajiao play an important role in all Sichuan dishes.D. Hand-pulled beef noodle is a speciality in local Hui cuisine.CWe discuss the issue of when to help a patient die. Doctors of our generation are not newcomers to
42、 this question. Going back to my internship（实习）days, I can remember many patients in pain, sometimes in coma(昏迷), with late, hopeless cancer. For many of them, we wrote an order for heavy medicationmorphine(吗啡)by the clock. This was not talked about openly and little was written about it. It was ess
43、ential, not controversial.The best way to bring the problem into focus is to describe two patients whom I cared for. The first, formerly a nurse, had an automobile accident. A few days later her lungs seemed to fill up; her heart developed dangerous rhythm disturbances. So there she was: in coma, on
44、 a breathing machine, her heartbeat maintained with an electrical device. One day after rounds, my secretary said the husband and son of the patient wanted to see me. They told me their wife and mother was obviously going to die; she was a nurse and had told her family that she never wanted this kin
45、d of terrible death, being maintained by machines. I told them that while I respected their view, there was nothing deadly about her situation. The kidney(肾) failure she had was just the kind for which the artificial kidney was most effective. While possibly a bit reassured, they were disappointed. Here was the head surgeon seemingly determined to keep everybody alive, no matter what.Within a few days the patients pacemaker(起搏器) could be removed and she awoke from her coma. About six month
