1、河北省2019届高三上学期期中英语试题精选汇编：阅读理解1、【全国百强校】河北衡水中学2019届高三上学期期中考试试题ARain beat against the window, matching my mood. I should have known that my new job at the hospital was too good to be true. Throughout the day, rumors (传言) warned that the newest employee from each department would be laid off. I was the n
2、ewest one in the training department.My boss appeared. “You probably know were cutting back,” he said. “Administration wants us to offer outplacement classes to help those employees find other jobs, showing them how to act in an interview, for example.” “Fine,” I answered unwillingly, not knowing wh
3、at else to say.I decided to go home early that day. In the hall, I met the lady who brought us cookies every Friday. She was a little woman with gray hair. Only her head and the top of her green apron were visible over the cart (小车) loaded with cleaning supplies. At least she had a job!At the final
4、meeting, laid-off workers formed a line at the door. A colleague whispered, “I cant believe our Cookie Lady is being laid off. Well miss her as much as well miss her cookies.” When the colleague spoke to her in Spanish, I knew my classes would be useless for her and I realized how much better off wa
5、s than this poor woman.I decided to do something for her. I wrote to a newspaper expressing how I felt about the unselfishness of the Cookie Lady who needed a job. A few days later, my article appeared in the newspaper and the Cookie Lady was allowed to stay in her position. On the same day, I recei
6、ved a letter, which seemed so unlikely that I read it twice. “An editor of a local magazine likes your piece and wants you to call her next time youre looking for work ”1. How did the author feel on that rainy day?A. Nervous. B. Excited. C. Awkward. D.
7、Proud.2. What was the author asked to do?A. Take care of patients. B. Leave earlier that day.C. Resign from the hospital. D. Help the laid-off workers.3. How did the author help the Cookie Lady?A. He offered her a high-paid job.B. He gave her advice on job hun
8、ting.C. He made her story known to others.D. He taught her how to pass an interview.4. What does the story tell us?A. Good deeds have their rewards.B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.C. Little people can make a big difference.D. Love brings more joy to people than work does.【答案】1. A
9、;2. D 3. C 4. A【解析】本文为故事类。作者作为新人，面临着公司的裁员，作者因为写了关于一个需要一份工作来养家糊口的女士的故事，让其得了到工作，而自己的文章也得到了本地杂志的邀请。作者的经历告诉我们：善行总归有好报的。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句Throughout the day, rumors (传言) warned that the newest employee from each department would be laid off. I was the newest one in the trai
10、ning department.可知，在这个雨天，因为作者的单位正在减员，“谣传每个部门的最新雇员将被解雇。我是培训部最新的一个”，所以作者的心里应当是很紧张的，分析选可知A正确 。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段老板的话Administration wants us to offer outplacement classes to help those employees find other jobs, showing them how to act in an interview, for example可知，老板想请他给下岗工人上课，告诉他们在面试中如何做，即帮助那些下岗工作找到新工
11、作，分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段首句“I decided to do something for her. I wrote to a newspaper expressing how I felt about the unselfishness of the Cookie Lady who needed a job”可知作者写信给一家报纸，写了有关这位女士的故事，分析选项可知C项正确。【4题详解】推理判断题。本文作者面临着公司对新人的裁员，作者因为写了关于一个需要一份工作来养家糊口的女士的事故，让其得到工作，而自己的文章也得到了本地杂志的邀请信。这说明
12、了善行总归有好报的。分析选项，A. Good deeds have their rewards. 善行必有回报。B. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真朋友。C. Little people can make a big difference.小人物大作为。D. Love brings more joy to people than work does. 爱带给人们更多的快乐，而不是工作。可知A符合题意。BAt your next meeting, wait for a pause in conversation and try to me
13、asure how long it lasts.Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at most. But while this pattern may be universal, our awareness of silence differs dramatically across cultures.What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as a valuable mome
14、nt of reflection and sign of respect for what the last speaker has said. Research in Dutch and also in English found that when a silence in conversation stretches to four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. In contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy wit
15、h silences of 8.2 seconds nearly twice as long as in Americans meetings.In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is when you dont speak at all. Its already a failure to understand each other by speaking because youre repairing that failure by using words.In the US, it may originate fro
16、m the history of colonial (殖民地) America as a crossroads of many different races. When you have a complex of difference, its hard to establish common understanding unless you talk and theres understandably a kind of anxiety unless people are verbally engaged to establish a common life. This applies a
17、lso to some extent to London.In contrast, when theres more homogeneity, perhaps its easier for some kinds of silence to appear. For example, among your closest friends and family its easier to sit in silence than with people youre less well acquainted with.5. Which of the following people might have
18、 the longest silence in conversation?A. The Dutch. B. Americans.C. The English. D. The Japanese.6. What might the Japanese agree with in a conversation?A. Speaking more gives the upper hand.B. Speak out what you have in your mind.C. Great minds think alike without words.D.
19、The shorter talking silence, the better.7. What can we learn from the text?A. A four second silence in conversation is universal.B. Its hard for Americans to reach a common agreement.C. English speakers are more talkative than Japanese speakers.D. The closer we and our family are, the easier the sil
20、ence appears.8. What does the underlined word “homogeneity” in the last paragraph mean?A. Similarity. B. Contradiction.C. Diversity. D. Misunderstanding.【答案】5. D 6. C 7. D 8. A【解析】试题分析：本文主要讲述了谈话中的沉默文化。尽管交谈中出现停顿是普遍存在的，但我们对沉默的认识在不同的文化中有着
21、巨大的差异。不同的文化中沉默时间不同，对于沉默的看法也不同。相比而言，亲密的朋友和家人之间更容易出现沉默。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at most.”第三段最后两句“Research in Dutch (荷兰语)and also in English found that when a silence in conversation stretches to four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. I
22、n contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy with silences of 8.2 seconds-nearly twice as long as in Americans meetings.”可知，日本人可能在谈话中有最长沉默。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段首句“In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is when you dont speak at all.”可知，在日本，一般
23、认为最好的交流是一句话不说的时候。因此推断日本人认为“伟大的心灵，无言而思”。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“For example, among your closest friends and family its easier to sit in silence than with people youre less well acquainted with.”可知，亲密的人之间更容易出现沉默，因此我们和家人越亲密，沉默越容易出现。故选D。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文的举例可知，越亲密的人，越容易出现沉默，因此推断画线句句意是：相比而言，当有更多相似时，也许沉默更容
24、易出现。故画线词意思与similarlity意义相近。故选A。【名师点睛】 推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。例如小题3：【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断题，推断合理信息。答案需要从文章的最后
25、一句“For example, among your closest friends and family its easier to sit in silence than with people youre less well acquainted with.”进行推断。【答案定位】根据文章最后一句“For example, among your closest friends and family its easier to sit in silence than with people youre less well acquainted with.”亲密的人之间更容易出现沉默，因此推
26、断我们和家人越亲密，沉默越容易出现。【推理关系】题干What can we learn from the text?文章内容among your closest friends and family its easier to sit in silence than with people youre less well acquainted with.【答案】D选项The closer we and our family are, the easier the silence appears。CNext month, Im traveling to a remote area of Cent
27、ral Africa and my aim is to know enough Lingala one of the local languages to have a conversation. I wasnt sure how I was going to manage this until I discovered a way to learn all the vocabulary Im going to need. Thanks to Memrise, the app Im using. It feels just like a game.“People often stop lear
28、ning things because they feel theyre not making progress or because it all feels like too much hard work,” says Ed Cooke, one of the people who created Memrise. “Were trying to create a form of learning experience that is fun and is something youd want to do instead of watching TV.”Memrise gives you
29、 a few new words to learn and these are “seeds” which you plant in your “greenhouse”. When you practice the words, you “water your plants”. When the app believes that you have really remembered a word, it moves the word to your “garden”. And if you forget to log on (登录)，the app sends you emails that
30、 remind you to “water your plants”.The app uses two principles about learning. The first is that people remember things better when they link them to a picture in their mind. Memrise translates words into your own language, but it also encourages you to use “mems”. For example, I memorized motele, t
31、he Lingala word for “engine”, using a mem I created I imagined an old engine in a motel (汽车旅馆) room.The second principle is that we need to stop after studying words and then repeat them againlater, leaving time between study sessions. Memrise helps you with this, because its the kind of app you onl
32、y use for five or ten minutes a day.Ive learnt hundreds of Lingala words with Memrise. I know this wont make me a fluent speaker, but I hope Ill be able to do more than just smile when I meet people in Congo. Now, I need to go and water my Vocabulary!9. What does Ed Cooke make an effort to do with M
33、emrise?A. Create memorable experiences.B. Make progress with hard work.C. Master languages through games.D. Combine study with entertainment.10. What do the underlined words “water your plants” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Learning new words.B. Being a Memrise user.C. Logging on to the app.D. Taking c
34、are of your garden.11. How does Memrise work?A. By linking different mems together.B. By putting knowledge into practice.C. By offering human translation services.D. By applying an associative memory approach.12. What is the authors attitude towards Memrise?A. Positive. B. Doubtful.C. U
35、ncaring. D. Disapproving.【答案】9. D 10. A 11. D 12. A【解析】本文为应用说明文。作者介绍了一种学习应用程序Memrise，这是一种寓教于乐的学习单词的方法，主要运用联想记忆，通过游戏的方式来完成的。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容：人们经常停止学习东西是因为他们觉得自己没有取得进步，或者因为这一切感觉太辛苦了，”创建Memrise的人之一Ed Cooke说。“我们正在努力创造一种有趣的学习体验，是你想做的事，而不是看电视。由此可推断
36、出是Ed Cooke认为学习不应该是苦的，而应该是把娱乐和想要学习的东西结合在一起的学习体验，即寓教于乐，因此他创造出Memrise。分析选项可知D项正确。【10题详解】猜测词意题。根据第三段的内容可知，MeMeLead给你一些新单词来学习，这些是你在“温室”中种植的“种子”。当你练习单词时，你就是在“浇灌你的植物”。由此可知，练习单词，“就是浇灌你的植物” ，由引可推断出“water your plants”即在学习新单词，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的The app uses two principles about learning. The first is that
37、people remember things better when they link them to a picture in their mindFor example, I memorized motele, the Lingala word for “engine”, using a mem I created I imagined an old engine in a motel (汽车旅馆) room. 句意“应用程序使用两个关于学习的原则。首先，运用联想记忆，他们会记得更好例如，我记住了motele，Lingala的“引擎”一词，使用我创建的一个mem我想象着汽车旅馆（汽车旅馆
38、）房间里的一个旧引擎 ”。由此可知Memrise是通过运用联想记忆的方法来进行学习的。分析选项可知D项符合题意。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者叙述了自己运用Memrise应用程序学习好几百的林加拉语的经历，希望自己与当地人相遇时可以用当地语言来交流。现在要去用Memrise来学习单词。由此可推断出作者认为这个程序对自己有益，所以对此抱积极的态度。分析选项可知A正确。【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会遇到许多生词。这时许多同学立即翻阅词典，查找词义。这样做不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度、影响对语篇的整体把握。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。我们可以利用语
39、境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。例如第2小题词意猜测题。根据第三段的内容可知，MeMeLead给你一些新单词来学习，这些是你在“温室”中种植的“种子”。当你练习单词时，你就是在“浇灌你的植物”。由此可知，练习单词，“就是浇灌你的植物” ，由引可推断出“water your plants”即在学习新单词，故选A。DShopping for and choosing clothes is challenging enough. But imagine if you were unable to use your arms to do anything, or used a wheelc
40、hair.The conditions are reality for four people who became the “customers” of 15 students at Parsons School of Design at the New School this year. The students spent their spring term creating clothing to fit their customers unique requirements as part of a class run by Open Style Lab, a nonprofit o
41、rganization whose aim is to design functional and fashionable clothing for people with disabilities.“Disability overlaps (关联、一致) with aging and universal design,” said Grace Jun, the director of the program. “We need to see it as part of our life cycle. Its something that we need to not only see fro
42、m a human rights standpoint but also for its economic value.”“Im always looking at me being the problem and the clothing as being OK,” said Kieran Kern, who gets around in a wheelchair. When Ms. Kern approached Open Style Lab, she was looking for a coat that would be easy to put on with the limitati
43、ons of a weaker body. Her team came up with a design with a circular rod (杆) that runs through the collar and allows Ms. Kern to swing the coat across her back with one hand.“The idea of having a coat that sees the parts that make me as just parts and not as a problem that I need to solve was really
44、 liberating in an identity sense,” Ms. Kern said. “Because generally, when you have a different body, you dont really see yourself.”“I think the challenges the students faced throughout the course had a lot to do with the exchange of ideas,” Ms. Jun said. “They were able to understand that no two pe
45、ople with a disability are alike. Being able to design uniquely means you have to have a collaborative (合作) process. Were designing with each other, not for.”13. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Aging. B. Disability.C. Design. D. The program.14.
46、 What did the students find challenging according to Ms. Jun?A. Creativity in fashion design.B. Interpersonal communication.C. Making clothing part of a wearer.D. Meeting the needs of the disabled.15. What would be the best title for the text?A. Open Style LabB. A new fashion industryC. Disability i
47、s no longer a problemD. Designs that do more than meet the eye【答案】13. B 14. B 15. D【解析】本文为应用说明文。主要叙述了帕森斯设计学院在新学校开设了一门课程，创作出符合顾客独特要求的服装，并介绍了在设计过程中出现的问题。【13题详解】猜测词义题。根据第三段的前部分Disability overlaps (关联、一致) with aging and universal design,” said Grace Jun, the director of the pro
48、gram. “We need to see it as part of our life cycle. 本句指“残疾与老化和通用设计有联系”，该项目的负责人Grace Jun说。“我们需要把它看作是我们生命周期的一部分|”。为了避免重复，我们常常把上文提过的事用代词来代替。此处提到上文的残疾是与老化及通用设计有关的，所以下文提到时便用it来替代它，因此选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段前两句.“I think the challenges the students faced throughout the course had a lot to do with the exchang
49、e of ideas,” Ms. Jun said. “They were able to understand that no two people with a disability are alike.可知，Jun女士说：“我认为学生在整个课程中所面临的挑战与思想交流有很大关系。”“他们能够理解，没有两个残疾的人是一样的”。由此可知，学生面临的挑战就是交流问题。分析选项可知B项符合题意。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读本文可知，本文介绍帕森斯设计学院在新学校开设了一门课程，创造符合顾客独特要求的服装。文中以给Kern女士设计衣服为例，说明设计的衣服要适合具体的残疾人，因为每个残疾人都是不同的（They were able to understand that no two people with a disability are alike. Being able to design uniquely means you have to have a collaborative (合作) process.）。所以要设计出独一无二的实用的衣服。本文中多处出现设计衣服（designs）。故选D项。【点睛】选择标题在英语
