1、Lesson 57Can I help you,madam?您要买什么，夫人？First listen and then answer the question.Did the woman get what she wanted?Yes,she did.madam n.(对妇女的尊称)太太;夫人 maam n.夫人,太太,女士,小姐=madam Miss 1)对未婚女子姓名的称谓 Miss Hill 2)小学生对女教师的尊称 Miss Yu Mrs.夫人（已婚女子姓或姓名前）Mrs.Brown Ms.女士（已婚或未婚女子姓或姓名前）Ms.MaryMr.先生（男子姓或姓名前，职务前）Mr.Whi
2、te 怀特先生Mr.President 总统先生Sir对男子的礼貌称呼 Yes,sir.中小学生对男老师的称呼 信的称呼 Dear Sirjeans/di:nz/n.牛仔裤 世界第一条牛仔裤的发明人Levi Strauss（利瓦伊史特劳斯）A woman in jeans clothes:shirt 衬衫;coat 大衣;sweater 毛衣;T-shirt T恤衫;dress 连衣裙;skirt 短裙;pants 裤子;jacket 夹克衫;vest 背心 shoes:boots 靴子;sandals 凉鞋;sneakers 旅游鞋;slipper 拖鞋;leather shoes 皮鞋 h
3、esitate v.犹豫,迟疑 1)hesitate at/over/about sth He hesitates at nothing.他从不优柔寡断。2)hesitate to do sth Dont hesitate to say no.3)hesitate in doing sth I hesitated in telling the truth.hesitation n.without hesitation 毫不犹豫 Without hesitation he refused my request.make up ones mind 下决心做 determine(v.)She det
4、ermined to go that very afternoon.她决定就在那天下午走。serve v.接待(顾客)vt.&vi.服务；服役；供职 We must serve the people heart and soul.我们必须全心全意地为人民服务。vt.&vi.接待（顾客）She served me a cup of coffee.她给我端上一杯咖啡。He served some sweets to the children.=he served the children with some sweets 他为孩子们拿来他们要买的糖果。（款待）service n.服务,服务性工作,
5、服役,仪式；adj.(军队)服现役的,服务性的,仆人的,耐用的 service n.服务 vt.保养,维修 at ones service 为某人效劳 At your service.乐于为您效劳。serve as：担任，充当 serve sb/sth：为服务，端(饭、菜)First come,first served.：先到先招待 service station 加油站 service industry 服务业scornfully adv.轻蔑地 The guard looked at the old man in rags scornfully.门卫轻蔑地打量这个衣衫烂缕的老人。look
6、down upon/on 看不起，瞧不起 He looks down on me.scornful adj.鄙视的，轻蔑的 A scornful smile A scornful look scorn/sk:n/(1)n.鄙视，轻蔑 pour scorn on sb/sth 以鄙夷的口气说到某人某事 The artist looked at her with scorn.艺术家以蔑视的眼光看着她(2)v.鄙视，傲慢的拒绝 scorn sbs invitation 傲慢的拒绝某人的邀请 scorn sbs advice 鄙视某人的建议 scorn sbs offer 拒绝某人的帮助punish
7、v.惩罚 punish sb for sth The teacher punished him for cheating on the exam.punish sb with sth(用.惩罚)give a lesson to sb 教训某人一顿 teach sb a lesson 教训某人一顿 punishment n.惩罚 capital punishment 死刑fur n.裘皮，皮毛 A coat of fur=a fur coat Make the fur fly 引起争吵，打倒 leather 皮革 feather 羽毛eager adj.热切的，渴望的 1)be eager fo
8、r sth 渴望某物 We are eager for success.2)be eager to do sth 渴望/急于做某事 The assistant was eager to serve her this time.A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop.stand vt.忍受忍受 I cant stand people smoking around me when Im eating.at the window 在橱窗旁边 at the table(he sat at the table)do window
9、 shopping (表示在橱窗外面购物)a woman in jeans 一个穿牛仔裤的妇女 Would you like to try it？您要不要试试？May I try this on？Whats your size?你穿多大号？Can you came down a bit?可以再便宜点吗？Ill take it.我买了。Heres your change.这是找你的钱。Can you give me a discount?Its too expensive,I cant afford it.dress,wear,put on,in,with的用法小结 1.in是介词，后接表示衣服
10、或颜色的词，着重于服装的款式或颜色。它所构成的短语只能作表语或定语。Can you see that woman in the blue coat?你能看见那个穿蓝外套的女士吗？He is in a black nylon jacket today.今天他穿着黑色尼龙夹克。2.put on “穿上、戴上”，强调“穿”“戴”的动作，后接衣服、鞋帽等。I want you to put on this coat and this hat.我要你穿这件外套，戴这顶帽子。Put on your heavy winter coat if you are going out.如果你要出去，穿上你的厚冬衣。
11、3.wear“穿着；戴着”，表示状态，宾语可以是衣帽，也可以是饰物、奖章等。例如：Youd better wear blue or black pants with brown shoes.穿棕色鞋子的时候,最好要穿蓝色或黑色裤子。Why does he often wear dark sunglasses?他为什么经常戴着深色的太阳镜？4.dress的宾语通常是人，意思是“给穿衣服”1）dress oneself 或 get dressed表示给自己穿衣服。My son is now able to dress himself.我儿子现在自己会穿衣服了。Its time to wake up
12、 and get dressed!该起床穿衣服了。2）be dressed in 的意思是“穿着”，表示状态。He was dressed in a black suit.他穿着一套黑衣服 3）dress up的意思是“盛装打扮、乔装打扮”。Id like you to dress up for my birthday party tonight.今晚我希望你为我的生日派对打扮打扮。5.with表示穿戴，只能作定语，而且只能和眼镜、手套等连用，不能接衣服。The boy with thick glasses is our monitor.戴深度眼镜那个男孩是我们的班长。with表示某人有某生理
13、特征，“具有具有”。The police are looking for a man with a scar on his face.警察正在搜寻一个脸上有疤的人。1.在表示地点或场所时，一般来讲，较大的地方用in,较小的地方用at I would like to live in a warm country.Ill see you at the station.2.当用at 或 in 来谈论建筑物时，in强调在建筑物里面，at则笼统的指在这个建筑物周围。at the restaurant 可以是在餐馆里面，也可以在餐馆附近 in the restaurant 强调在餐馆里面 Though s
14、he hesitated for a moment,she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window.ask to do sth.请求做某事 ask about sth(sb)询问有关某人或某事的情况 She asked about his health.她询问他的健康状况。ask after sb 问候某人(的健康)。They all ask after you.他们都问候你(的健康)。ask for sth 要求得到某物或要求与某人见面。He asked for some water.他要些水。see s
15、b.off 为某人送行 see eye to eye 完全同意；看法一致 关于moment的词组 at the moment 眼下,当前 for the moment 暂时,目前 at this/that moment 在此、那时 at this moment in time 此时此刻 in a moment 立刻、马上 for a moment 一会儿 wait/just a moment 稍等一小会儿 the last moment 最后一刻 big moment 大好时机 choose/pick your moment 选择好的时机 The assistant who served he
16、r did not like the way she was dressed.the way 可以直接加定语从句,不需要引导词 I dont like the way she eats.我不喜欢她吃饭的样子 The way she eats annoyed me.她吃饭的样子让我烦 I cooked in the way you taught me.I like the way you did.我喜欢你做的方式 Glancing at her scornfully,he told her that the dress was sold.Glancing at her scornfully 现在
17、分词短语表伴随状态 be sold 被售出 This kind of pens()well.A.is sold B are sold C.sells D.sell 一些动词表属性，用主动表被动（write/wash/feel/ride）(后接一个副词)The woman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day.decide v.决定，决心；名词形式为decision 1)跟名词或代词 It is the people who decide the fate of mankind.决定
18、人类命运的是人民。2)跟不定式 decide to do sth He decided to give a one-man show.他决定唱一段独角戏。3)跟从句 Lets first decide where we should go.我们先决定一下到什么地方去。It is not decided whether we will go there.还没有决定我们是不是去那儿。4)跟介词短语(跟on或upon,表示“就某事做出决定”)Dont decide on important matters too quickly.重要的事情不要匆忙做出决定。She returned to the s
19、hop the following morning dressed in a fur coat,with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other.with sth.in hand 手上拿着（with+名词(或代词)+介词短语）He went to the theatre with a book in one hand.他手上拿着一本书去了电影院 She came in,with a book in her hand.她进来了，手里拿着一本书。dressed in a coat(非谓语动词)=wearing a coat Af
20、ter seeking out the rude assistant,she asked for the same dress.seek out 找出,找到（seek-sought-sought）He sought out the thief in the crowd.Seek him out quickly.I want to speak to him.It is rude to stare.瞪眼看人是无礼的。Its rude to point.用手指人是不礼貌的。She was also rude to Mr.Brooke.她对鲁先生也很无礼。Not realizing who she w
21、as,the assistant was eager to serve her this time.现在分词短语代替一个分句位于句首时，其否定形式是在它前面加上not，without 或 never等否定词。这些词有时可互换，有时则不可：Not/Without/Never hesitating for a moment,he ran after the thief.eager，glad，pleased，sorry等描述感觉的形容词作表语时后面往往跟不定式：They are all eager to come.Im pleased to work with you.With great diff
22、iculty,he climbed into the shop window to get the dress.As soon as she saw it,the woman said she did not like it.With+抽象名词,这个结构在句子中作状语，与该名词的副词形式相同：with confidence;with pride;He fell asleep with the light on.他睡着了，灯还亮着。（伴随情况）I like to sleep with the windows open.我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。（伴随情况）With a lot of work to
23、do,he wasnt allowed to go out.因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。（原因状语）With prices going up so fast,we cant afford luxuries.由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。（原因状语）As soon as一 就 hardly.when/no sooner than She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first
24、asked for.make sb.do sth buying是和making并列的动名词短语，这个动名词短语又包含一个定语从句，修饰其中的dress 看主要部分就是：making sb do(and)buying sth(which)she had asked for.（1）enjoy oneself doing sth.表示“从中得到乐趣”：He enjoyed himself making the dog run after beggars.他让那条狗追逐乞丐，并从中取乐。（2）make后面的动词不定式不加to They made him take the examination again.be made to do sth:He was made to take the examination again.
