1、人教课标新教材人教课标新教材选必选必1UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIVEMENT1._ n.生理学生理学;生理机能生理机能2._ n.药药青蒿青蒿素素 3._ adj.至关重要的至关重要的;关键性的关键性的4._ n.疟疾疟疾 5._ adj.必不可少必不可少的的;极其重要的极其重要的;充满生机充满生机的的6._ n.目标目标;目目的的 adj.客观客观的的7._ n.植物学的植物学的8._ n.性质性质;特征特征;财产财产artemisinin malariabotanical physiologycrucialpropertyvitalobjective9._ n.提取物；摘录
2、提取物；摘录 vt.提取；提炼；摘录；（用力）拔出提取；提炼；摘录；（用力）拔出10._ n.蒿；洋艾蒿；洋艾11._ vt.vi.(使使)沸腾沸腾;煮开煮开;烧开烧开n.沸腾沸腾;沸点沸点12._ n.液体液体;adj液体的液体的;液态的液态的13._ vt.(尤指经努力尤指经努力)获得获得;贏得贏得vi.存在存在;流行流行14._ vt.承认承认(属实、权威等属实、权威等);(公开公开)感谢感谢15._ n.失败失败;挫败挫败vt.击败击败;战胜战胜16._ n.物质物质;物品物品;事实根据事实根据extractwormwoodboilliquidobtainacknowledgedefe
3、atsubstance17._ vi.vt.坚持坚持;坚决坚决要求要求18._ adv.主要地主要地;一般一般地地19._ n.青霉素；盘尼西林青霉素；盘尼西林 20._ vi.&vt.(fled,fled)迅速离开迅速离开;逃跑逃跑21._(pl)条件条件;环境环境;状况状况22._ n.流流;流动流动;流畅流畅;供应供应vi.流流;流动流动23._ n.图表图表v.记录记录;制订计划制订计划24._ vt.创建创建;建立建立;把把建立建立在在25._ vt.推断推断;推定推定26._ adj.众多的众多的;许多的许多的insistmostlypenicillinfleecircumstan
4、ceflowchartfoundinfernumerous27._ n.理论理论;学说学说28._ n.公式；方程式；配方公式；方程式；配方 29._ n.(p.geniuses)天天才才;天资天资;天赋天赋30._ n.专利专利;专利证书专利证书ad.有专利的有专利的;受专利保护的受专利保护的31._ n.酷爱酷爱;激情激情32._ n.博士学位博士学位 33._ adj.不一般的不一般的;非凡的非凡的;意想不到的意想不到的34._ adj.光电的光电的35._ n.(教育、专业等教育、专业等)机构机构;机构建筑机构建筑36._ n.结果结果;后果后果formuladoctoratephot
5、oelectricpatentpassiontheorygeniusextraordinaryinstituteconsequence37._ n.上唇的胡子；髯上唇的胡子；髯 38._ n.个性；特点；怪异的性质个性；特点；怪异的性质39._ vt.偶然碰到偶然碰到;遇到遇到n.邂适邂适;遭遇遭遇40._ n.教授教授41._ vt.&vi.哀悼哀悼;忧伤忧伤42._ adj非凡的非凡的;显著的显著的43._ n.方法方法;技巧技巧;装置装置;仪器仪器44._ v.总结总结;概概n.金额金额;款项款项;总数总数;总和总和45._ n.草稿草稿;草案草案vt.起草起草;草拟草拟moustach
6、epeculiarityencounterprofessormournremarkabledevicesumdraft46._瑞士（国家名）瑞士（国家名）47._ adj.瑞土的瑞土的n.(p.Swis)瑞士人瑞士人48._ adj.犹太人犹太人SwitzerlandJewishSwiss1._以以(做做)为为目的目的2._坚决坚决要求要求3._(正常使用造成的正常使用造成的)磨损磨损;损耗损耗4._(开始开始)掌权掌权;上台上台5._担任担任;任职任职6._总结总结;概括概括7._进入进入僵局僵局;被卡住被卡住8._偶然偶然;意外地意外地9._导致，通向导致，通向10._经得起经得起;抵抗抵
7、抗;勇敢地面对勇敢地面对insist on lead toget stuckwith the objective of(doing)wear and tearcome to powertake up a positionsum upby accidentstand up to1.upon+doing 一一就就 Upon hearing that she had been award the Nobel Prize,he said,“The honour is not just mine.There is a team behind me,and all the people of my cou
8、ntry.”(P3)表示一表示一就的结构：就的结构：The minute，the moment，the instant，as soon as,immediately,directly,hardlywhen;so soonerthan,On/Upon【语境应用语境应用】一句多译。一句多译。他们一到我们学校，就迫不及待参观我们的茶馆，那里陈列着他们一到我们学校，就迫不及待参观我们的茶馆，那里陈列着许多茶具。许多茶具。1)_,they couldnt wait to wait our tea house,where a lot of tea sets were on display.(instant
9、)2)_,they couldnt wait to wait our tea house,where a lot of tea sets were on display.(on)The instant/Instantly they arrived at our schoolOn arriving at our school2.It is+过去分词过去分词+that从句从句 On 18 April 1955,it was reported that Einstein had passed away,and the whole world mourned the great loss of a b
10、rilliant scientist.1)Its said/thought/reported/hoped/agreed/proved that 据说据说/大家认为大家认为/据报道据报道/大家希望大家希望/据同意据同意/据证实据证实2)以上结构可改成下列两种简单句形式：以上结构可改成下列两种简单句形式：uSb./Sth.Be believed/said/thought/reported to do sth.uPeople/Sb.+believe/say/think/report/+that【语境应用语境应用】句型句型转换（每空一词）。转换（每空一词）。1.Jennifer was thought
11、 to have boarded the plane in New York.It was thought that _ _ _ _ _ in New York.2.It is known that even very few of these things cause skin problems.Even very few of these things _ _ _ _ _ _.3.The children are said to be in good health.It is said that _ _ _ _ _ _.Jenniferhadboardedtheplaneproblemsa
12、reknowntocauseskin the childrenareingood health1.vital adj.必不可少的；极重要的；充满生机的必不可少的；极重要的；充满生机的 Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,and its thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.(P2)l.is vital to/for.对对极其重要极其重要l It is vital that.极为重要极为重要l It is vital to do sth
13、.做做某事很某事很重要重要【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1.Interest is as vital _ learning as the ability to understand,even more so.2.Its absolutely vital _ you do exactly as I say.3.Enough sleep is vital _ the students well-being and mitted adj.尽心尽力尽心尽力的，坚定的，坚信的的，坚定的，坚信的 Tu Youyou,a committed and patient scientist,wa
14、s born in Ningbo,China,on 30 December 1930(P2)a committed scientist 一位坚定的科学家一位坚定的科学家commit vt 承诺承诺，保证，保证(某个人、机构等某个人、机构等)A talented scientist well known for his commitment to his country,Huang Danian committed himself to his research in geophysics.(P4)vi.忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）eg.Anna want
15、s to get married,but Bobs not sure he wants to commit.vt.承诺；保证承诺；保证 vi.忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）l commit oneself to(doing)sth.承诺做某事承诺做某事 commit a crime/a mistake 犯罪犯罪/错误错误l committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的尽心尽力的；坚定的 be committed doing sth.承诺承诺/致力于做某事致力于做某事l commitment n.投入；奉献；承诺；保证投入；奉献；承诺；保证make a c
16、ommitment to(doing)sth.承诺（做）某事承诺（做）某事【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)When taken to the police station for questioning,the man said,“I have never _ _ _(犯任何罪犯任何罪).”2)She has _ _ _ _ _(答答应去应去)the doctors at once.3)He was a _(commit)internationalist in foreign mittedcommitted any crime committed herself to go/goi
17、ng to3.acknowledge vt.承认（属实、权威等承认（属实、权威等）（）（公开）感谢公开）感谢 However,Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.（P2）acknowledge that.承认承认acknowledge(doing)sth.承认承认(做了做了)某事某事acknowledge sth./sb.to be/as.承认承认某事某事/某人是某人是It is generally acknowledged that.是大家公认的是大家公认的acknowledge.as/to be.承认承认某人为某人为acknowledgement
18、n.承认；致谢；答谢承认；致谢；答谢【语境应用语境应用】单句单句填空。填空。1)She acknowledged _(have)been at fault.2)He appreciated her _(acknowledge)of his maturity.翻译句子。翻译句子。3)她被公认为是全国最好的艺术家之一。她被公认为是全国最好的艺术家之一。She is acknowledged to be/as one of the best artists in the country.havingacknowledgement4.insist vi.&vt.坚持坚持；坚决要求；坚决要求 Tu Yo
19、uyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.l insist on doing sth.坚持坚持做某事做某事l insist that从句用陈述语序从句用陈述语序 坚持说坚持说/认为认为l insist that sb(should)do从句用虚拟语气从句用虚拟语气 坚持要求坚持要求/主张主张【语境应用语境应用】完成完成句子句子1)I insist on your _(take)immediate action to put
20、 this right.2)I insisted that a doctor _(send)for immediately.3)Jane insisted that she _(do)nothing wrong.taking(should)be senthad done5.conclusion n.结论结论,推论推论;结尾结尾,结束结束 Did you come to any conclusions?(P4)l come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion 得出得出结论结论l make a conclusion 下结论下结论l bring to a con
21、clusion 使使结束结束l in conclusion 最后最后;总之总之conclude v.得出结论得出结论;断定断定;推断出推断出;结束结束conclude sth.with 就就某事与某事与达成协议达成协议;以以结束结束conclude sth.from sth.从从推断出推断出【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)It can be _(conclude)that restaurant keepers need not“be overly concerned about bad tables,”given that theyre profitable.2)When
22、the group discussions is nearing its end,make sure to conclude it _ an important point.3)After a careful investigation,we drew a conclusion _ their decision was wrong.4)_ conclusion,I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.concludedwithIe to power(开始开始)掌权；上台掌权；上台 Circumstance changed
23、 in 1933,when Hitler came to power in Germany.Einstein,who was Jewish,found the doors of academic institutions closed to him.have power over 掌控；支配掌控；支配have no power over 没有支配权没有支配权beyond ones power 某人力所不及某人力所不及 【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空单句语法填空。1.Its _ his power means he has no power to do it.2.He has power _
24、many peoples lives and property.完成句子。完成句子。1.Some animals _ to see in the dark.有些有些动物具有在黑暗中看见东西的本领。动物具有在黑暗中看见东西的本领。2.There are some difficulty in guessing who will _ in 2024.很难猜测谁将在很难猜测谁将在2024年执掌大权。年执掌大权。beyondoverhave the powercome to/into power2.take the position 担任；任职担任；任职 After spending time in E
25、urope,he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.take up 占用（空间或时间）；开始从事；接受占用（空间或时间）；开始从事；接受take in 接受；吸收；理解；注意到；欺骗接受；吸收；理解；注意到；欺骗take on 披上；呈现；具有；雇佣；承担披上；呈现；具有；雇佣；承担take over 接收；接管接收；接管take off 突然成功；脱下；起飞突然成功；脱下；起飞take after（外貌、品行或性格）像（外貌、品行或性格）像【语
26、境应用语境应用】写出下列句中写出下列句中take off的含义的含义。1)He took off his coat as soon as he entered his room._2)When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather._脱掉脱掉起飞起飞完成句子完成句子。1)I told Grandpa we were going away,but I dont think he took it _.2)When Mr.Green retired,his son took _ the business from h
27、im.inover1.This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been award to Tu Youyou(co-winner),whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin,a crucial new treatment for malaria.【句型公式句型公式】非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容，或先行词的补充，解释非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容，或先行词的补充，解释或附加说明。从句与先行词或主句之间一般用逗号分开，常或附加说明。从句与先行词或主句之间一般用逗号分开，
28、常常单独翻译。没有它，主句意思依然完整。引导非限制性定常单独翻译。没有它，主句意思依然完整。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词一般有关系代词语从句的关系词一般有关系代词 as，which，who，whom，whose等，作定语从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语。等，作定语从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语。【语境应用语境应用】用用适当的关系词填空（关系词可省略时填适当适当的关系词填空（关系词可省略时填适当的关系词或不填）。的关系词或不填）。I just read a book called Technostress,1._ was written by Dr.Michelle Weil.Her co-autho
29、r was Dr.Larry Rosen,2._ is her husband and also a psychologist.According to the authors,everybody feels stressed about technology.Our mobile phones,3._ we buy for emergencies(紧急情紧急情况况),soon affect our personal life.which which who 2.Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,a
30、nd is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.sb./sth.be thought to do意思为意思为“某人某人/某事某事”被认为被认为句型中可根据情况用句型中可根据情况用to do的各种形式，如的各种形式，如to do，to be done，to be doing,to have done。本句型还可以转化为：本句型还可以转化为：it be thought that据认为据认为句句中中的的it为形式主语，真正的主语是为形式主语，真正的主语是that从句。从句。【语境应用语境应用】I.单句单句语法填空。语法填空。1.H
31、er discovery is thought _ tens of millions of lives all over the world.2.Yuan Longping was thought _(be)one of the greatest scientists in agriculture.II.句型转化。句型转化。It is thought that the tradition dates back to the Ming Dynasty.The tradition _ back to Ming Dynasty.to have savedto beis thought to date
32、定语从句就其与先行词的关系可分为限制性定语从句和非限制定语从句就其与先行词的关系可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。性定语从句。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句一、形式不同一、形式不同限制性定语从句与其先行词关系密切，其间通常不用逗号限制性定语从句与其先行词关系密切，其间通常不用逗号隔隔开开，非限制性定语从句与其先行词关系不密切，常用逗号，非限制性定语从句与其先行词关系不密切，常用逗号隔隔开开。如：。如：The number of people who/that own cars is increasing.I spoke to Dr.Smith just
33、now,who is always ready to help others.二、作用不同二、作用不同限制性定语从句对先行词进行修饰和限制，如果去掉会造成句限制性定语从句对先行词进行修饰和限制，如果去掉会造成句意的不完整；意的不完整；非限制性定语从句对先行词是修饰，补充解释说明或对主句进非限制性定语从句对先行词是修饰，补充解释说明或对主句进行评述，去掉不影响。如：行评述，去掉不影响。如：Franklin was the first man who discovered the nature of electricity.The driver,who was very young,had onl
34、y just got his license.三、先行词不同三、先行词不同限制性定语从句的先行词一般是名词或代词，非限制性定语限制性定语从句的先行词一般是名词或代词，非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是名词或代词从句的先行词既可以是名词或代词,也可以是主句的一部分或也可以是主句的一部分或整个主句。如：整个主句。如：Things then improved,which surprised me.（先行词为整个（先行词为整个主句）主句）四、关系词不同四、关系词不同限制性定语从句可以由限制性定语从句可以由that,why引导，而非限制性定语从句不引导，而非限制性定语从句不用；关系词在限制性定语从句中作宾
35、语时可以省略，在非限制用；关系词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，在非限制性定语从句中通常不省略。如：性定语从句中通常不省略。如：There were very few passengers that/who had escaped without serious injury.There were very few passengers,who had escaped without serious injury.Have you found the book(that/which)you want?无论是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句，只要关系词无论是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从
36、句，只要关系词在从句中作定语，都用在从句中作定语，都用whose引导。如：引导。如：I like the teacher whose classes are very interesting and lively.Edward,whose legs were badly hurt,was quickly taken to hospital.关系副词或关系副词或“介词介词+which/whom”可引导限制性定语从句，可引导限制性定语从句，也引导非限制性定语从句。如：也引导非限制性定语从句。如：He was born in the year when/in which the war broke
37、out.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou,where/in which my grandparents live.限制性定语从句中的关系代词一般指代一个名词或代词，而限制性定语从句中的关系代词一般指代一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句中的关系代词既可以指代一个名词或代词，非限制性定语从句中的关系代词既可以指代一个名词或代词，也可以指代主句的部分或全部内容。如：也可以指代主句的部分或全部内容。如：He was late for class again,which made his teacher very angry.完
38、成句子。完成句子。1)The foreign guests,_(who/that)were scientists,were warmly welcomed at the airport.2)My father bought me several books,none of _(which/that)I like to read.3)Is there anyone in your class _(which/whose)family is in the city?4)Football,_(which/that)is a very interesting game,is played all ov
39、er the world.whowhichwhosewhich5)The students went to the hospital to see Miss Zhang,_(that/whom)they respect greatly.6)They went to the Royal Theatre,_(which/where)they saw the great show.7)The weather turned out to be very good,_(which/that)was more than I had expected.8)There are 50 students in o
40、ur class,half of _(whom/who)are girls.whomwherewhich whom1.Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place _ you can sit down to rest your aching legs.（2021年新高考年新高考I卷卷）2.The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall _ h
41、as survived Chinas long history.（2021年全国甲卷年全国甲卷）3.In around 8 A.D.,the Romans built the Colosseum,_ remains the worlds best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.（2021年全国乙卷）年全国乙卷）wherethatwhich 4.The result was Project Wild Thing,a film _ charts the birth of the Wild Network,a gr
42、oup of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.（2021年年6月月浙浙 江卷）江卷）5.These include plants _ have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant _ can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.（2020年全国年全国I卷卷）that/whichthat/whichthat/which你
43、校正在组织英语作文比赛。你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请请介绍介绍一位自己崇拜的一位自己崇拜的伟人伟人，内容包括：内容包括：1.人物简介；人物简介；2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。尊敬和爱戴的原因。注意：注意：1.词数词数100左右；左右；2.题目已给出。题目已给出。如何作人物介绍如何作人物介绍一、审题定调一、审题定调 本写作要求介绍一位自己崇拜的伟人，属于本写作要求介绍一位自己崇拜的伟人，属于记叙文记叙文。介绍。介绍崇拜的伟人关键之处在于突出其主要经历和成就，并点明为何崇拜的伟人关键之处在于突出其主要经历和成就，并点明为何使你钦佩。介绍其生平事迹时一般用使你钦佩。介绍其生平事迹时一般用第三人称第三人称，时
44、态以一般过时态以一般过去时为主去时为主，但有时要根据实际情况有所变化。，但有时要根据实际情况有所变化。二、谋篇布局二、谋篇布局 针对本篇写作任务，我们可以列出以下提纲：针对本篇写作任务，我们可以列出以下提纲：第一部分：引出所崇拜的人物；第一部分：引出所崇拜的人物；第二部分：介绍主要经历及贡献；第二部分：介绍主要经历及贡献；第三部分：点明其令你钦佩的品质。第三部分：点明其令你钦佩的品质。常用常用词汇：词汇：动词（短语）：动词（短语）：pass away,graduate from,go to,return,devote,award,remember.名词（短语）：名词（短语）：scientist
45、,doctors degree,difficulty,institute,technology,research,achievement形容词：形容词：famous,well-known,great,modern,outstanding.副词（短语）：副词（短语）：at home and abroad,first,then,there,always,all the time.连接词：连接词：when,and,where,though.句型应用：句型应用：.be born in.first to.and then to.Though faced with sth.,sb.devote onese
46、lf to sth.be remembered by sb.as.My role model My role model is Qian Xuesen,an outstanding scientist titled “the Father of Chinas space program”.Qian was born in December,1911 and passed away in October,2009.Having graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934,he set out for Massachusetts Ins
47、titute of Technology to pursue advanced study in 1935,and a year later California Institute of Technology,where he obtained two doctorates in 1939.Out of a strong love for his homeland,he was determined to go back to China.Though encountering many difficulties,eventually he made his return to China with great resolution in 1955.He devoted himself whole-heartedly to scientific research during his lifetime,making remarkable achievements in the Chinese aerospace industry.Greatly inspired by his patriotism and self-sacrifice,Im longing to make great contributions to our country as well.
