1、v-ingv-ing作作定语定语/状语状语/宾语补足语宾语补足语 分词分词的作用相当于的作用相当于形容词、副词形容词、副词的作用，也就是的作用，也就是说它能够充当句子的定语、表语、补语、状语等。说它能够充当句子的定语、表语、补语、状语等。分词包括分词包括现在分词和过去分词现在分词和过去分词两种。两种。v-ing form 一作定语(the attributive)a _ girl=a girl that is dancingdancinga _ boy=a boy who is sleepingsleepingthe_ sun=the sun that is risingrisingthe b
2、oy_=the boy who is brushing his teethbrushing his teeth the professor_=the professor who is giving a lecturegiving a lecture1.1.单个单个的现在分词作定语的现在分词作定语,放在被修饰词的放在被修饰词的_,现在分词现在分词短语短语则放在被修饰词的则放在被修饰词的_。2.2.现在分词作定语，表示现在分词作定语，表示_和和_的意思。的意思。表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态 小结：小结：前面前面后面后面主动主动进行进行a dancing girla
3、sleeping boythe rising sunthe professor giving a lecturethe boy brushing his teeth3.3.现在分词作定语，可改为现在分词作定语，可改为_，从句时态视情，从句时态视情况而定。况而定。定语从句定语从句若修饰不定代词若修饰不定代词,放在后面。放在后面。I think there is nothing interesting.1.Dont wake up the sleeping baby.Dont wake up the baby who is sleeping.2.I think there is nothing i
4、nteresting.I think there is nothing that is interesting.3.I live in a house facing the south.I live in a house which faces the south.将将-ing 形式形式改为改为定语从句定语从句。表示正在进行的动作，表示正在进行的动作，改为定语从句时要用进行时态。改为定语从句时要用进行时态。表示经常性的动作，或现在（或当时）的状态，表示经常性的动作，或现在（或当时）的状态，变为变为从句时，从句时，用一般时态。用一般时态。1.The man who is standing the
5、re is Mr.Green.(进行）进行）The man standing there is Mr.Green.2.This is the boy who likes playing basketball.（主动）（主动）This is the boy liking playing basketball.将将定语从句定语从句改为改为-ing 形式形式。(2)a walking stick(1)a walking man=a man who is walking=a stick for walking现在分词作定语表达的是所修饰的人或物的动作或状态（如例（1）：现在分词），动名词表示所修饰名词
6、的用途或性能（如例（2）：动名词）。=a machine for washing=a pool for swimming=a room for waiting=a room for reading=a baby that is sleeping=water that is boiling=a dog that is barking=leaves that are falling1 1、正在举行的会议很重要。、正在举行的会议很重要。The meeting that is being held is very important.The meeting being held is very imp
7、ortant.2 2、那些完成了作业的可以回家了。、那些完成了作业的可以回家了。Those who have finished their homework can go home now.Those having finished their homework can go home now.(）翻译并改写句子。翻译并改写句子。v-ing 的形式小结：的形式小结：基本形式：基本形式：doing 被动形式：被动形式：being done 完成形式：完成形式：having done（不作定语）不作定语）二作状语(the adverbial)_ill,he stays at home.Becaus
8、e he is ill,he stays at home.Being1.Because she saw nobody at home,she decided to leave them a note._nobody at home,she decided to leave them a note.2.Not knowing her address,we couldnt get in touch with her._ _ _ _ her address,we couldnt get in touch with her.SeeingBecause we didnt know _ his mothe
9、r,the baby bursts into laughter.,the baby bursts into laughter.2.时间状语Seeing_ the news,they all jumped with joy.1.When they heard the news,they all jumped with joy.2.Working in the factory,he learned a lot from the workers.in the factory,he learned a lot from the workers.HearingWhen he worked _ _,you
10、 will succeed.Working hard3.条件状语 If you work hard,you will succeed.Other types of waste flow into water and then this kill river and sea life.4.结果状语Other types of waste flow into water,_ river and sea lifekillingThey sit on the sofa and watch TV.5.伴随状语They sit on the sofa,_TV.watching1.She sat at th
11、e desk.She sat at the desk,_.2.They stood there for an hour,.They stood there _ _ _ _ for an hourand watched the game6.6.表示方式表示方式通过自己的努力通过自己的努力,我们克服了所有的困难。我们克服了所有的困难。By relying on our own efforts,we overcame all the difficulties.Relying on our own efforts,we overcame all the difficulties.1.1.现在分词作状语
12、时现在分词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与其逻辑主语必须与_一致一致,构成构成_关系，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、关系，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况。条件、让步、方式或伴随情况。主句的主语主句的主语主动主动小结：小结：2.2.当分词充当状语时相当于一个当分词充当状语时相当于一个_根据它在句根据它在句中的功能可以加上相应的引导词中的功能可以加上相应的引导词;没有引导词时，根没有引导词时，根据意思判断从句类型。据意思判断从句类型。状语从句状语从句注意：注意：1.As he had finished his work,he went back home.Having finish
13、ed his work,he went back home.若状语从句的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，用若状语从句的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，用 having done。2.As he had not finished his work,he couldnt go back home.Not having finished his work,he couldnt go back home.-ing 的否定形式：的否定形式：not doing not being done not having doneWorking hardAsking aroundBeing illsaying5)After
14、 he had finished all the work,he had a rest._ all the work,he had a rest.6)He dropped the glass.As a result,he broke it into pieces.He dropped the glass,_it into pieces.7)The old man died.As a result,he left his wife and child alone.The old man died,_ his wife and child alone.Having finishedbreaking
15、leaving补充：独立成份作状语补充：独立成份作状语有些现在分词短语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影有些现在分词短语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：响，称作独立成分。常见的有：generally speaking 总的来说总的来说judging from/by 根据根据判断判断speaking of 说到说到 talking of 谈到谈到 frankly speaking 坦白地说坦白地说eg Judging by his face,he was angry.三.作宾补（the object complement)We can see the train _.The t
16、rain is passing by.passing byWhen an earthquake happens,the earth is moving.People can feel the earth _.movingYue Yunpeng can always have people_(laugh)all the time in his performance.laughing小结小结1.1.现在分词作宾补时常放在宾语后，与现在分词作宾补时常放在宾语后，与_构成逻构成逻辑上的主谓关系，表示辑上的主谓关系，表示_、_的动作。的动作。2.以现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词：以现在分词作宾语补足语
17、的常见动词：look at,see,watch,notice,observe,have,keep,leave,hear,listen to,find,feel等。等。3.现在分词现在分词用于用于_ 复合结构中作宾补作宾补宾语宾语“五看，三室（使），两厅（听），一发现，五看，三室（使），两厅（听），一发现，一感觉一感觉”正在进行正在进行主动主动see the train passing byfeel the earth movinghave people laughingwith单句改错1.Dont leave the water run while you brush your teeth.2.He looked around and caught a man put his hand into the pocket of a passenger.3.She could feel her heart beat with fear.4.With the Internet becomes more and more popular,we have fewer face-to-face talks with our friends.runningputtingbeatinging
