1、Discovering Useful Structures P29 新人教新人教版选择性必修版选择性必修 Book 3 Unit 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONWork in groups.Look at the sentences in both columns and discuss the differences between each pair.Summarise the rules for changing direct speech into indirect speech.Direct SpeechIndirect Speech1The expert sa
2、id,“From the position of its dead body,the bear appeared to have starved and died.”The expert said that from the position of its dead body,the bear appeared to have starved and died.2The reporter asked,“Will polar bears die out because of climate change?”The reporter asked whether polar bears would
3、die out because of climate change.3The reporter asked,“How can we save polar bears from extinction?”The reporter asked how we could save polar bears from extinction.4“Lets work together to stop climate change,”the expert said.The expert advised us to work together to stop climate change.1直接引语和间接引语直接
4、引语和间接引语Direct Speech and Indirect Speech一.定义：直接引用别人的话叫直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。例句：The girl said,“I like English very much.”The girl said that she liked English very much.Note:1.引语前常使用逗号，而不是冒号；引号内直接引语的单词首字母要大写。2.间接引语不用逗号，引号；间接引语要考虑人称，时态，时间状语，地点状语和指示代词的变化。二.直接引语和间接引语的变化1.人称变化一随主直接引语中的第一人称变间接引语后与主句主语的人称保持
5、一致He says,“I like math very much.”He says that he likes math very much.二随宾直接引语中的第二人称变间接引语后与主句宾语的人称保持一致He said to Lily,“You must get up early.”He told Lily that she must get up early.三不变直接引语的第三人称在变间接引语后人称不变She said to me,“They want to help him.”She told me that they wanted to help him.2.时态变化（主句为一般过去时
6、）直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语句子时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时不变一般将来时过去将来时Note:1.主句是一般现在时态时，从句可以根据意思使用相应的时态。例句：She says that she was going to buy a CD.She says that she went to buy a CD2.直接引语是客观真理，谚语和格言时，时态不变。例句：“The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.”the teacher tol
7、d me.The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth3.直接引语中有具体的过去时间状语时，时态不变。例句：Tom said,“I was born on April 21,1980.”Tom said he was born on April 21,1980.3.指示代词，时间，地点状语及方向性动词的变化。项目项目直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语指示代词thisthesethatthose时间nowtodaytonightthis weekyesterdaylast
8、 weekthenthat daythat nightthat weekthe day beforethe week before地点herethere动词comebringgo take例句：He said,“It is nine oclock now.”He said that it was nine oclock then.He said,“I havent seen her today.”He said that he hadnt seen her that day.He said,“We went to the cinema yesterday.”He said that they
9、had gone to the cinema the day before.4.连接词和语序变化项目项目连接词连接词语序语序陈述句that或省略不变一般疑问句 引述动词后加上if 或whether陈述语序特殊疑问句 连接词不变陈述语序祈使句无连接词不变例句：He said to me,“You can help her.”He said to me(that)I could help her.He asked her,“Do you love me?”He asked her whether she loved him.He asked me,“What colour do you like?
10、”He asked me what colour I liked.He said to me,“Dont be late.”He asked me not to be late.1.He said to Kate,“How is your sister now?”He asked Kate _.2.She said,“Do you often come here to read newspapers?”She asked me _ to read newspapers.3.The geography teacher said,“Light travels much faster than so
11、und.”The geography teacher said _ than sound.4.“Listen to me and dont make so much noise,children!”said the teacher.The teacher _.how her sister was thenwhether/if I often went therelight travels much faster asked the children to listen to him and not to make so much noise即即学学即即用用5.Li Lei said,“Im q
12、uite sure about it.”Li Lei said that _ quite sure about it.6.Jim said,“I havent seen you today.”Jim said that _.7.The teacher asked me,“Do you have difficulty working it out?”The teacher asked me _.he washe hadnt seen me that daywhether/if I had difficulty working it outHere are some statements and
13、questions by children who attended scientific lectures.Guess who they were talking to and then change the sentences into indirect speech.Diane“What made Hurricane Katrina unusual?”“Was it the worst natural disaster in American history?”DianeDiane asked what had made Hurricane Katrina unusual.Diane a
14、sked if/whether it had been the worst natural disaster in American history.2Martha“I want to become a scientist and help the world.”“Im doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.”Martha Martha said that she wanted to become a scientist and help the world.Martha said that she was do
15、ing a project on behalf of her school about global warming.Bob“Why is nuclear power a sensitive topic?”“Could you explain how the nuclear disaster happened?”BobBob asked why nuclear power was a sensitive topic.Bob asked if/whether they could explain how the nuclear disaster had happened.Laura“How ma
16、ny animals have disappeared because of human hunting?”“What can we do to help wild animals?”LauraLaura asked how many animals had disappeared because of human hunting.Laura asked what we could do to help wild animals.Vincent“Ive never been to the Amazon Jungle.”“Will scientists discover new species
17、there?”Vincent Vincent said that he had never been to the Amazon Jungle.Vincent asked whether/if scientists would discover new species there.Work in groups.Do a survey on what your group members are doing to help the environment and what else they can do.Then report to the class.MichelleI always use
18、 my cloth bag when I go shopping,rather than use plastic bags.JackI often walk or ride a bike instead of taking a taxi.SallyDont print out documents unless really necessary.JoeWould it be best to share books with others?HomeworkEXAMPLEI asked my group members what they did to limit the amount of carbon dioxide produced in their daily lives.Jack told me that he often walked or rode a bike instead of taking a taxi.Joe advised us to share books with others.Sally asked us.Thank you!
