1、Learning About LanguageBuild up your vocabulary1Find the words in the poems that rhyme with the words below.Then add other words that rhyme.The first one has been done for you.1mockingbird,word,heard2sad3sky4together5teasingbad,glad,madby,fly,eye,whyweather,feather,whethershouting,laughing,singing,r
2、unning2Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.delicate drama arrange compose literary rhythm sorrow poetry 1.It seems incredible to me that the question of how best to _ books on could cause a lively online discussion.2.The purpose of _ criticism is to get to the of t
3、he text and discover what message the author is attempting to convey.3.If you need to handle a _ situation,you should behave wisely.4.The poet _ quite a few poems featuring the image of cherry blossoms,and describing the joys and _of life.5.is probably one of the most common and influential forms of
4、 English _.It is so close to the natural _ of English speech and it has no rhyming.In Shakespeares _,characters from to kings all speak in blank verse,but still in distinctive voices.n.架子arrangeliterarydelicaten.核心；精髓；（水果的）核儿composedsorrowspoetryrhythmdramasn.平民；老百姓 n.诗；韵文；诗节Build up your vocabulary
5、3Complete each sentence using the correct word.1.Could you _ what you just said?2.Students are required to _ over 60 ancient poems or works of prose they have learnt from their Chinese course.3.If you have finished reading the story,please try to _ it in your own words.retellrepeatreciten.散文recite/r
6、epeat/retellBuild up your vocabularyrecite v.to say a poem,piece of literature,etc.that you have learned 背诵，吟诵，朗诵Each child had to recite a poem to the class.repeat v.to say or write sth.again 重复；重写Can you repeat your question?retell v.to tell a story again,in a different way 复述，重新讲述Little Emma ofte
7、n asks her sisters to retell the story.Build up your vocabulary4.Her _ rose at the approach of the summer holidays.5.We couldnt see any _ in him.He is so calm in spite of what he has experienced.6.Rainy days always put everyone in a depressed _.emotionmoodspiritsemotion/mood/spirit3Complete each sen
8、tence using the correct word.Build up your vocabularyemotion n.a strong feeling such as love,fear or anger 强烈的感情；激情；情感；情绪The decision was based on emotion rather than rational thought.mood n.the way you are feeling 情绪；心情I wonder why hes in such a mood today.spirit n.the qualities that make someone l
9、ive the way they do,make them different from others 精神；心灵She is a strong and independent spirit.Build up your vocabulary重点词汇1.cherry n.adj.2.verse n.3.prose n.4.version n.5.seed n.6.dominant adj.7.sonnet n.8.n.架子；搁板 9.n.核心；精髓；（水果的）核儿 樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色 樱桃色的；鲜红色的 诗；韵文；诗节散文 版本；（从不同角度的）说法种子；起源；萌芽 首要的；占支配地位的；显著
10、的 十四行诗shelfcoreBuild up your vocabulary 10.adj.空白的；无图画（或韵律、装饰）的；没表情的 n.空白；空格 11.n.平民；老百姓 12.n.同情；赞同 adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的 13.adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的 n.天真；单纯；无罪 14.vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信 n.来往信件；通信联系 15.n.时代；年代；纪元 16.vt.&vi.播种；种 blank civiliansympathy sympatheticinnocent innocencecorrespond correspondenceerasow 重点词汇
11、Build up your vocabulary 1.用你自己的话 2.以独特的声音 3.在快到的时候 4.尽管 5.在玩耍 6.樱花7.in tears 8.at rest 9.bring sb great success 10.fall in love with 11.in secret 12.have an influence on in your own wordsin distinctive voicesat the approach ofin spite ofat playcherry blossom流着泪 在休息 给带来成功 爱上 秘密地 对有影响 重点短语Build up yo
12、ur vocabulary释义匹配1.seed2.sow3.shelf4.core5.era A.a period of time,usually in history,that is different from other periods because of particular characteristics or eventsB.the small hard part produced by a plant,from which a new plant can growC.the hard central part of a fruit such as an apple,that c
13、ontains the seedsD.to plant or spread seeds in or on the groundE.a long flat narrow board attached to a wall or in a frame or cupboard,used for putting things onBuild up your vocabulary选词填空version,comprehension,blank,dominant,correspond 1.Why you let her talk you into doing such a foolish thing is b
14、eyond my .2.Im trying to think of his name,but my mind is a complete.3.Agriculture is a main industry with a _ position in the economy of our country.4.An English of the book is planned for the autumn.5.His story of what happened that night didnt with the witnesss prehension blank dominant version c
15、orrespond Build up your vocabulary重点词汇讲解1.Blank verse is probably one of the most common and influential forms of English poetry.无韵诗可能是最常见和最有影响力的英语诗歌形式之一。blank adj.空白的；无图画（或韵律、装饰）的；没表情的空白的；无图画（或韵律、装饰）的；没表情的 n.空白；空格空白；空格 a blank cheque/form 空白支票/表格 Hearing the news,my mind went blank.听到这个消息，我的大脑一片空白。
16、I am trying to think of his name,but my mind is a complete blank.我在努力回想他的名字，但怎么也想不起来。Please fill in the blanks.请在空白处填写。Build up your vocabulary2.In these poems the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understanding of childrens feelings.在这些诗中，诗人泰戈尔表现出对儿童感情的同情理解。sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的同情的；有同情心的；赞同的s
17、ympathy n.同情；赞同同情；赞同 Russian newspapers are largely sympathetic to the president.俄罗斯报章大都支持总统。Im here if you need a sympathetic ear.要是你想诉诉苦，那就跟我说吧。Our heartfelt sympathy goes out to the victims of the war.我们对战争的受害者表示由衷的同情。重点词汇讲解Build up your vocabulary3.The English version of the book contains nearly
18、 50 poems.这本书的英文版包含将近50首诗。version n.版本；（从不同角度的）说法版本；（从不同角度的）说法 I only knew the official version of the events.我对事情的了解仅限于官方的版本。She gave us her version of what had happened that day.她从她的角度向我们描述了那天发生的事情。重点词汇讲解Build up your vocabulary4.The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the in
19、nocence of childhood.原因是他们能感受到爱的温暖，享受到童年的纯真。innocence n.天真；单纯；无罪天真；单纯；无罪innocent adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的 Children lose their innocence as they grow older.儿童随着年龄的增长而失去天真。This new evidence will prove their innocence.这一新的证据将证明他们的清白。They seemed so young and innocent.他们看上去如此少不更事。重点词汇讲解Build up y
20、our vocabulary5.Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal correspondence.布朗宁爱上了她的诗，然后他们开始私下通信。correspondence n.来往信件；通信联系 enter into correspondence with sb.与某人通信 personal/private correspondence 私人来往信件 the correspondence column/page 读者来信专栏 The editor welcomes correspond
21、ence from readers on any subject.编辑欢迎读者有关任何问题的来信。重点词汇讲解Build up your vocabulary5.Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal correspondence.布朗宁爱上了她的诗，然后他们开始私下通信。correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信相一致；符合；相当于；通信 correspond to/with 与相一致；符合 correspond to 相当于 He often corresponds wi
22、th his friends.他常和朋友们通信。The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament.美国的国会相当于英国的议会。重点词汇讲解Build up your vocabularyReview useful structures定语从句定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般跟在它所修饰的名词之后。先行词先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。关系词关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系词在定语从句中有三大作用关系词在定语从句中有三大作用：1.连接作用：连接主句与从句
23、。2.成分作用：在定语从句中充当一个成分。3.替代作用：替代某一名词代词或某一句话。一、定语从句概述关系词关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词when,where,why类型限制性定语从句描述主句所涉及的人或物的具体情况，是主句不可缺少的一部分；如省去，主句意义不完整或失去意义。非限制性定语从句对主句所描述的人或物提供附加情况，起补充说明作用；如省去，主句意义仍完整。二、定语从句分类Review useful structures关系关系代词代词that指物和人在从句中作主语或宾语which指物在从句中作主语或宾语who指人在从句中作主语或宾语whom在从句
24、中作宾语whose指人和物在从句中作定语as指物在从句中作主语关系关系副词副词when指时间在从句中作时间状语where指地点在从句中作地点状语why指原因在从句中作原因状语三、定语从句中关系词的基本用法Review useful structures A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.商店应该备有最畅销商品的存货。The girls who are playing football are from Class Two.正在踢足球的女孩们是二班的。The man(whom/who/that)you met ju
25、st now is my old friend.你刚才遇见的那个人是我的老朋友。The number of people that/who come to visit the city each year reaches one million.每年来这座城市参观的人数多达一百万。I once lived in the house whose windows were much larger than usual.我曾经住在那个窗户比一般窗户大很多的房子里。三、定语从句中关系词的基本用法Review useful structures Such reasons as we give can p
26、ersuade him to give up this foolish plan.我们给出的这些理由可以说服他放弃这个愚蠢的计划。We dont know the exact time when he will return.我们不知道他回来的确切时间。Its one of the few countries where people drive on the left.这是为数不多的几个靠左行驶的国家之一。Tell me the reason why you love comedies.告诉我你喜欢喜剧的原因。三、定语从句中关系词的基本用法Review useful structures1.
27、关系代词在关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略从句中作宾语时可省略。如：。如：The glass(that/which)you bought is broken.2.在某些表示时间、地点的词后的限制性定语从句中，在某些表示时间、地点的词后的限制性定语从句中，关系副词在口语中有时关系副词在口语中有时省略。省略。如：如：Ill never forget the year(when)I stayed in Beijing.This is the place(where)I lived five years ago.【注意注意】非限制性定语从句通常由非限制性定语从句通常由who,whom,which,who
28、se,when,where及及“介词介词+which/whom”引导，且关系词一般不省略。引导，且关系词一般不省略。四、关系词的省略Review useful structureswhich和和as都可引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代整个主句或主句的一部分。通都可引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代整个主句或主句的一部分。通常常which引导的从句放在句末，而引导的从句放在句末，而as引导的从句既可位于句首，又可位于句中或引导的从句既可位于句首，又可位于句中或句末。句末。如：如：As is known to the world,Mark Twain is a great American writer
29、.The size of the audience,as we had expected,was well over one thousand.He is an American,which/as I know from his accent.五、关系代词which与asReview useful structures1.在在“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物时只能用引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物时只能用which，指人时只，指人时只能用能用whom。如：如：The valley in which the town lies is heavily polluted.W
30、ell go to see the famous writer about whom we have talked.2.当当表时间、地点或原因的先行词在从句中表时间、地点或原因的先行词在从句中作状作状语时，也可用语时，也可用“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”结构。结构。介词的选择由先行词与介词的搭配来确定。介词的选择由先行词与介词的搭配来确定。如：如：In the office,I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m.,by which time many people have gone home.3.“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”前可由名词
31、、数词或前可由名词、数词或some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词修饰。如：等代词修饰。如：The classroom,the door of which is broken,will soon be repaired.He loves his parents deeply,both of whom are very kind to him.六、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句Review useful structures1.先行词是先行词是reason时，如果关系词在从句中作状语，用时，如果关系词在从句中作状语，用why或或for wh
32、ich引导；关系词在引导；关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，用从句中作主语或宾语，用that或或which引导。引导。如：如：Wed like to know the reason why/for which she didnt accept the job.There is another reason that/which is more important.2.先行词是表示方式的先行词是表示方式的way时，定语从句可用时，定语从句可用that或或in which引导，也可省略。引导，也可省略。如：如：People liked the way(that/in which)he wrote nov
33、els,so he went on writing.3.先行词是先行词是stage,position,situation,atmosphere等有地点含义的抽象名词，且关系词在等有地点含义的抽象名词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用定语从句中作状语时，用where引导。引导。如：如：You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.4.先行词是先行词是occasion时，一般要用时，一般要用when引导定语从句。引导定语从句。如：如：I can remember very few occasions when
34、 he had to cancel our trips.七、特殊先行词后的定语从句Review useful structures1Connect the sentences using relative pronouns or adverbs.Then put the sentences in the correct order to compose a passage.1.The Crescent Moon is perhaps the most famous collection of childrens poems.It is known to people in China.2.Th
35、ere are also many poems written from a childs perspective.In these poems the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understanding of childrens feelings.3.The English version of the book contains nearly 50 poems.The focus of the poems is on the parent-child relationship.4.The initial poems were written from
36、 the perspective of a mother.The mother loves her baby at play and at rest,in laughter and in tears.5.Many people love to read this collection of poems.The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.6.It was written by the Indian poet Tagore.Tagore was the f
37、irst Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.Review useful structures1.The Crescent Moon is perhaps the most famous collection of childrens poems that is known to people in China.2.There are also many poems written from a childs perspective,in which the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understandi
38、ng of childrens feelings.3.The English version of the book contains nearly 50 poems,the focus of which is on the parent-child relationship.4.Then initial poems were written from the perspective of a mother who loves her baby at play and at rest,in laughter and in tears.5.The reason why many people l
39、ove to read this collection of poems is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.6.It was written by the Indian poet Tagore who was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.1534621Connect the sentences using relative pronouns or adverbs.Then put the sent
40、ences in the correct order to compose a passage.Review useful structures2Read the following introduction about the Brownings.Help the author edit the passage to make it more concise,using relative clauses if necessary.If you study the history of English literature,you will find the names of Robert a
41、nd Elizabeth Barrett Browning.They were one of the most romantic literary couples of the Victorian era.Elizabeth Barrett started to write poetry from about the age of six.In 1844,Elizabeths Poems brought her great success.It also attracted the admiration of poet Robert Browning.Browning fell in love
42、 with her poetry and then they entered into personal correspondence.The couple exchanged many letters.These letters obviously helped sow the seeds of love between the two.Elizabeth had been ill for many years.She stayed at home and almost never saw visitors.Browning was sure about his love,so he fou
43、nd a way to visit her,and immediately convinced her to become his bride.However,their subsequent marriage was carried out in secret.It was because Barretts father was a dominant and selfish man.He would refuse to let his daughter go.The couple moved to Italy in 1846.Elizabeth lived there for the res
44、t of her life.Browning had a great influence on Elizabeths writing.The best evidence that can be found is Sonnets from the Portuguese.The sonnets were written during the time when she was in love with Robert Browning.Review useful structuresIf you study the history of English literature,you will fin
45、d the names of Robert and Elizabeth Barrett Browning,who were one of the most romantic literary couples of the Victorian era.Elizabeth Barrett started to write poetry from about the age of six.In 1844,Elizabeths Poems brought her great success and also attracted the admiration of poet Robert Brownin
46、g.Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal correspondence.The couple exchanged many letters,which obviously helped sow the seeds of love between the two.Elizabeth had been ill for many years.She stayed at home and almost never saw visitors.Browning was sure about his
47、 love,so he found a way to visit her,and immediately convinced her to become his bride.However,their subsequent marriage was carried out in secret because her father was a dominant and selfish man who would refuse to let his daughter go.The couple moved to Italy in 1846,where Elizabeth lived for the
48、 rest of her life.Browning had a great influence on Elizabeths writing.The best evidence that can be found is Sonnets from the Portuguese that were written during the time when she was in love with Robert Browning.2Read the following introduction about the Brownings.Help the author edit the passage
49、to make it more concise,using relative clauses if necessary.Review useful structures3Work in pairs.Describe your favourite Chinese poets using sentences that contain relative clauses.EXAMPLE Bai Juyi was one of the greatest Chinese poets who ever lived.He was born during the mid-Tang Dynasty,which was a period of rebuilding and recovery for the Tang Empire.
