1、专题二代词河北五年中考命题规律及趋势考纲要求1.人称代词2.物主代词3.反身代词4.指示代词5.不定代词(some，any，no)6.疑问代词考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值人称代词和物主代词201926名词性物主代词his/hers/mine/yours1分77人称代词宾格me(I)1分201826形容词性物主代词her/his/my/your1分77人称代词宾格them(they)1分201726名词性物主代词his/hers/mine/yours1分75人称代词宾格me(I)1分201627人称代词宾格her/him/you/me1分201527形容词性物主代词my/her/his/y
2、our1分分析河北近5年中考试题可以看出，代词是河北中考近5年的必考点。在单项选择中每年均会设置1小题，以物主代词和人称代词为主。而在词语运用题型中，近3年均考查了人称代词的宾格。完形填空中也会涉及代词的辨析，学生应联系上下文判断所指人称或所指事物的类别。预测2020年河北中考的单项选择会考查一道人称代词、物主代词或不定代词的辨析。而词语运用中也会考查人称代词宾格或物主代词。河北中考重难点突破人称代词、物主代词和反身代词(必考，单选、完形、词语运用)单项选择。( C)1.(2019黄冈中考) Jack，you swam very well.Who taught you?Nobody.I tau
3、ght_.AI Bme Cmyself Dmine( C)2.(2019孝感中考)I have a lovely pet cat._name is Lazy.AIt BThis CIts DShe ( A)3.(2019襄阳中考)Is this Mikes dictionary?No，its mine.The thick one on the desk is_.Ahis Byours Chers Dtheirs( B)4.(2019临沂中考改编)Tennis can exercise all of our muscles(肌肉)And it requires_to spend time wit
4、h others.This is good for our health，too.Aours Bus Cwe Dour( C)5.(2019株洲中考改编)Brown draws a picture of the criminal，and the police put_on the Internet to find him.Ahim Bher Cit Dits【满分点拨】一、人称代词(2019、77；2018、77；2017、75；2016、27；2010、32)人称代词有主格和宾格之分。主格在句中作主语；宾格可作动词或介词的宾语，也可作表语。人称代词的人称、数和格的变化如下：人称单数复数主格宾
5、格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimsheheritittheythem二、物主代词(2019、26；2018、26；2017、26；2015、27；2014、27；2013、27；2011、27)物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词一般用于名词前修饰名词；而名词性物主代词本身就具有名词的性质，相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”。如：This is my red schoolbag.This red schoolbag is mine.这个红色的书包是我的。物主代词具体分类如下：人称数形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称单数
6、形式mymine复数形式ourours第二人称单数形式youryours复数形式youryours第三人称单数形式hishisherhersitsits复数形式theirtheirs三、反身代词(2013、54；2012、27)1反身代词的单复数形式如下：数人称单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himselfherselfitselfthemselves2.反身代词的用法I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.(作宾语)我希望你们能在聚会上玩得开心。The children mad
7、e model planes themselves.(作同位语)孩子们自己制作了飞机模型。This poor boy was myself.(作表语，表强调)这个可怜的男孩就是我。3反身代词的常用词组teach oneself自学learn by oneself自学enjoy oneself过得愉快；玩得高兴help oneself to随便吃/用come to oneself苏醒hurt oneself受伤by oneself独自不定代词(2014/2013/2011/2010考，单选、完形、词语运用)单项选择。( B)1.(2019福建中考改编)Almost_in our group ha
8、s been to the 2nd Digital China Summit.Its fantastic.Asomeone BeveryoneCanyone Deverything( B)2.(原创信息题)Did you see_at the 70th anniversary(周年)celebration of the founding(成立) of PRC?Asomething special Banything specialCspecial something Dspecial anything( D)3.He got up to get some water but found the
9、re was_ left in the bottle.Aa few Bfew Ca little D.little( A)4.When Flight 3U8633 finally landed in Chengdu，_ of the women passengers cried.Fortunately，_ of the 119 passengers in the plane were hurt in the incident(事件)Asome；none Bsome；neitherCany；none Dany；neither( A)5.Where would you like to go tom
10、orrow，Beijing or Xian?_ is OK.Its up to you.AEither BNeither CBoth DAll【满分点拨】不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，兼有名词和形容词的功能。在句中主要用作主语、宾语、表语或定语。不定代词分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词。一、普通不定代词(2011、31)1初中阶段常见的普通不定代词如下表：some，anyfew，littleother，anothermany，mucheither，neithereach，everyboth，allnone，one2.常考的几组易混不定代词辨析(1)some与any词汇用法例句some
11、用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句中Tom has some storybooks.汤姆有一些故事书。Would you like some milk？你想要一些牛奶吗？any一般用于疑问句或否定句中Are there any apples on the tree？树上有苹果吗？There arent any buses.没有公共汽车。(2)both，either与neither词汇意义及用法例句both表示“两者都”Toms parents are both doctors.汤姆的父母都是医生。续表词汇意义及用法例句either表示“两者中的任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数Either of t
12、he books is interesting.任何一本书都有趣。neither表示“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数Neither of his friends has come yet.他的两个朋友都没来。(3)all，any与none相同点均用于三个或三个以上的人或物不同点all指“三个或三个以上的人或物”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数，其反义词为noneany指“三个或三个以上的人或物中的任意一个”，只能作定语none指“三个或三个以上的人或物中没有一个(全否定)”，相当于not any注意：no one用来指人，不能接of短语，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。none不仅可以指人也可
13、以指物，其后常跟of短语。none代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。如：None of the information is correct.信息都不正确。None of the soldiers are (is) afraid of difficulties.战士们都不怕困难。(4)few，a few与little，a little(2011、31)few用于否定句，意为“几乎没有”，修饰可数名词；a few用于肯定句，意为“有一点”，修饰可数名词；little用于否定句，意为“几乎没有”，修饰不可数名词；a little用于肯定句，意为
14、“有一点”，修饰不可数名词。(5)each与every词汇用法及意义例句each强调个体，指两者或两者以上的人或事物中的“每一个”There are trees and flowers on each side of the street.街道的每一边都有树和花。every强调整体，指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的“每一个”Every student has read a poem.每个学生都读了一首诗。二、复合不定代词(2014、53；2013、30；2010、40)1常见的复合不定代词如下：somebody(某人)anybody(任何人)nobody(没有人)everybody(每人)som
15、eone(某人)anyone(任何人)no one(没有人)everyone(每人)something(某事)anything(任何事)nothing(没有东西)everything(每件事)2.复合不定代词的用法(1)由some构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，也可用于表建议或请求的疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答。(2)由any构成的复合不定代词通常用于否定句和疑问句中。(3)复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。(4)当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词必须放在复合不定代词的后面。指示代词和疑问代词(2014/2012考，单选)单项选择。(
16、C)1.(2019连云港中考)After the new highspeed railway line began operations，the time on the trip from Lianyungang to Qingdao now is much less than_in the past.Aone Bthis Cthat Dit( A)2._ will you ask for help when you are in trouble?My parents，I think.AWho BWhat CWhere D.When( A)3.Do you think_ acceptable
17、for a group of women to dance to loud music on the square near your house?Ait Bthat Cthis Dits( D)4._do you plan to buy?I havent made up my mind.Ill just look around.AWho BHow CWhy DWhat( D)5._ pencil is this，Toms or Henrys?AWhat BWhen CWho DWhose( D)6._ city would you like to live in，Chengdu，Beijin
18、g or Shanghai?Chengdu，I think.AHow BWhatCWhen DWhich( A)7.The fridges are on sale in the supermarket today.Really? Lets go and buy _ for our new kitchen.Aone Bit Cthat Dthem【满分点拨】一、指示代词(2014、29；2012、34)1指示代词it，one，that，this的用法代词用法例句it特指上下文提到的对象是同一事物The book is mine.Its very interesting.这本书是我的。它非常有趣。
19、one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类而不同一Who has a novel named Tiny Times？谁有一本叫小时代的小说？I have one.我有一本。续表代词用法例句that常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shenzhen.北京的天气比深圳的天气更寒冷。this常用来指代离自己较近的人或物This is my friend.这是我的朋友。2.it的常见用法(1)it作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：Itsadj.(for/of sb.)to do sth.Its im
20、portant for us to work hard.对我们来说努力工作很重要。Its kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好了。Its time to do/for/thatIts time to get up.到起床的时间了。Its time for lunch/that we go home.到吃午饭的时候了。/到回家的时间了。It seems thatIt seems that he is quite happy.他看起来似乎很高兴。Its ones turn to do sth.Its your turn to sing.现在轮到你唱了。Itsadj.tha
21、t从句It is necessary that we students do some reading every day.我们学生每天读书是必要的。(2)it作形式宾语Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line？你认为学会排队是必要的吗？I found it important to learn English well.我发现学好英语很重要。二、疑问代词疑问代词主要用法例句who作主语、表语、宾语(作宾语时在口语中不能放在介词后)Who wants to go with me？谁想要和我一起去？whomwho的宾格形式，作宾语To
22、whom are you talking？你正在和谁说话？whosewho的所有格形式，作表语、定语Whose book is this？这是谁的书？what/whowhat询问某人的职业Whats your father？你爸爸是做什么的？He is a worker.他是一名工人。who询问某人的身份、姓名Who is the boy under the tree？树下的那个男孩是谁？He is Li Ming.他是李明。what/whichwhat指不定数目中的“哪一个，哪些；什么”，没有一定范围的限定What would you like？你想要什么？which“哪一个；哪一些”，特指
23、一定范围内的人或物Which one do you like best？你最喜欢哪个？相对于疑问代词而言，初中阶段还有四个疑问副词经常在考试中出现，学生也应该重点掌握。how用来询问方式；where用来询问地点；when用来询问时间；why用来询问原因。代词填空(2019/2018/2017/2011考，词语运用)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1My parents showed _me_(I) some old pictures that brought back sweet memories.2I received lots of letters from my readers，and
24、most of _them_(they) are students at school.3Many people think Peng Liyuan is the most beautiful First Lady.And _her_(she) songs are also wellknown.4Kitty is the name of my pet._Its_(it) nose is very funny.5Its very important for us to learn how to study by _ourselves_(we)6Our English teacher often
25、tells _us_(we) to be active in class.【满分点拨】通过分析河北近10年中考词语运用题型，可以发现关于代词的填空分别在2019、2018、2017和2011年考查过。其设题形式主要有语境理解(首字母提示填空)和用所给词的适当形式填空两种情况。下面我们主要针对第二种情况作简要说明：在代词的考查中，一般会给出代词的某种形式，要求学生根据语境及句意填出恰当的形式，一般来说可总结为以下三种情况：1给出代词主格填出宾格(如2019河北中考77题，2018河北中考77题，2017河北中考75题)；2考查固定用法(如2011河北中考81题，a friend of mine)
26、；3代词主格或宾格与其他形式(形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词)之间的转换。河北中考考点精练单项选择。( B)1.(2019邯郸三模)The most beautiful thing about learning is that_can take it away from you.Aanybody BnobodyCsomebody Deverybody( B)2.(2019石家庄裕华区模拟)Jack is happy.Ms.Wang，an excellent teacher，teaches_math this term.Ahe BhimChimself Dhis( C)3.(2019
27、石家庄桥西区模拟)Mary，could you lend_your dictionary？I want to look up these new words.Ahim Bher Cme Dus( D)4.(2019石家庄长安区模拟)There are lots of restaurants in our town.And most of_are clean and cheap.Ait Byou Cus Dthem( D)5.(2019呼和浩特中考)May I help you with some jeans，sir?Yes，Id like to try on those blue_.Aone
28、Bpair Ctwo Dones( C)6.(2019鄂州中考)I tried several ways to work out the math problem，but_of them worked.Never give up.I believe youll make it.Aall BeachCnone Dneither( B)7.(2019郴州中考改编)Our teachers and parents will be proud of us because we have grown up and can be responsible for_.Athemselves Bourselve
29、sCyourselves Dmyself( C)8.(2019泰州中考)You look pale today，Madam！Whats the matter with you?_serious.Just a cold.ASomething BAnythingCNothing DEverything( C)9.(2019无锡中考)If something is wrong，fix it if you can.Do not worry. Worry never fixes_.Asomething BeverythingCanything Dnothing( A)10.(2019湘西州中考改编)He
30、len，did you do_last weekend?Yes，I visited my grandparents in the countryside.Aanything special Bsomething specialCspecial anything Dspecial something( D)11.(2019滨州中考)Jerry，is that boy with glasses_new classmate?Yes.Lets say hello to_.Aour；he Bus；himCours；his Dour；him( B)12.(2019益阳中考改编)Jeff，is this_n
31、otebook?No，its not_.Maybe its Marys.Ayour；my Byour；mineCyours；me Dyours；mine( A)13.(2019日照中考)We do not want a trade war，but we are not afraid of fighting_.Ait Bone Cthat Dthis( C)14.(原创信息题)_city held the 7th CISM Military World Games (世界军人运动会) in 2019?AWhere BWhen CWhich DWhy( B)15.(2019乐山中考改编)_is q
32、uite easy for people to find any place in the world with the help of online maps.AThat BIt COne DThis( A)16.(2019唐山路北区三模)Have you got any books on English stories？I want to borrow_.Yes，here you are.But you must return it by Friday.Aone Bit Cthis Dthat( A)17.(2019唐山路南区一模)Is this your English book?No，
33、its my brothers._is over there.AMine BMy CMe DHis( D)18.(2019邢台一模)_of the twins likes coffee.Could you get some tea for them?AAll BBoth CNone DNeither( A)19.Baiyang Lake is very beautiful.I took_friends there yesterday.Amy Byour Chis Dher( D)20.(2019石家庄新华区毕业班质量检测)My class teacher knows me better than_.Ahimself Bherself Cyourself Dmyself12
