Unit 4 Developing ideas 课件 -(2022）新外研版高中选择性必修第三册《英语》.zip

Unit 4 A glimpse of the futureDeveloping ideas新新标准准英英语高中高中选择性必修第三册性必修第三册 Isaac Asimov(1920-1992)Isaac Asimov was an American writer,and professor of biochemistry at Boston University,best known for his works of science fiction and popular science.Asimov loved to write:he wrote or edited more than 500 books.Together with Arthur C.Clarke and Robert A.Heinlein,Asimov was considered to be one of the“Big Three science-fiction writers during his lifetime.Asimov is perhaps best known for his Foundation series,the first three books of which won the Hugo Award for“Best All-Time Series”in 1966.His other major works are the Galactic Empire series and the Robot series,in which he put forward the Three Laws of Robotics-an idea which continues to exercise some infuene today.艾萨克阿西莫夫是美国作家，波士顿大学生物化学教授，以科幻小说和科普作品而闻名。阿西莫夫热爱写作:他撰写或编辑了500多本书。阿西莫夫与阿瑟c克拉克和罗伯特a海因莱因一起被认为是他一生中“三大”科幻作家之一。阿西莫夫最出名的可能是他的基金会系列，其中前三本书在1966年获得雨果奖“最佳历史系列”。他的其他主要作品是银河帝国系列和机器人系列。在机器人系列中，他提出了机器人三大定律这一思想至今仍在发挥着一定的影响。艾萨克阿西莫夫Activity 1 Isaac Asimovs Three Laws of Robotics 1、A robot may not injure a human being or,through inaction,allow a human being to come to harm.机器人不得伤害人类，或看到人类受到伤害而袖手旁观 2、A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.在不违反第一定律的前提下，机器人必须绝对服从人类给与的任何命令 3、A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.在不违反第一定律和第二定律的前提下，机器人必须尽力保护自己。Jimmy and many earthlings live on the moon.Jimmy is a boy who was born on the moon.One day,Jimmys father,Mr.Anderson,said to him,Dear,I have brought you a gift.It is a dog from earth,a real dog,a little Scottie,the first puppy on the moon.You dont need Robert the robot dog anymore.But Ji does not want this,he wants to oppose his fathers thought.The background of the novelActivity 2 Complete the table to compare life on Earth with life on the Moon.Life on EarthWear ordinary clothes and change according to the seasons.Breathe the air freely.Have to make an effort to jump high.Keep pets,such as dogs,cats,etc.Life on the Moon _ _ _ _Wear spacesuits whenever outside.Breathe from an air supply.Jump high easily.Keep robots as pets.Activity 2 Complete the table to compare life on Earth with life on the Moon.Now read the passage and find out what life on the Moon is like in the novel.Activity 3 Complete the summary of the story.TitleAuthorSetting Time:Place:Characters Jimmy,a Moon-born boy A Boys Best Friend Isaac AsimovIn the future On the Moon Mr Anderson,Jimmys fatherMrs Anderson,Jimmys motherRobutt,a mechanical dog,Jimmys petActivity 3 Complete the summary of the story.PlotJimmys parents get a dog from Earth.They want to give it to Jimmy as a pet.But Jimmy already has a robot pet named Robutt.His parents think it would be good for Jimmy to have a real dog,and that he would like it.They want to send Robutt to another family.To his parents surprise,Jimmy refuses to accept the real dog,because he loves Robutt and he believes Robutt loves him too.For Jimmy,Robutt is not just a mechanical dog,but a real friend.Different attitudes towards RobuttParents:Jimmy:They think Robutt is a mechanical imitation of a real dog.He loves Robutt and treats him like a real dog.Think&Share1 What are the similarities and differences between Robutt and a real dog?Similarities:Both are able to respond to orders given by human beings.Both can outrace human beings.Both can guide and protect human beings.Differences:They have different appearances.A real dog is a living creature,while Robutt is a machine.A real dog loves human beings as a result of its nature,while Robutt is just adjusted to act as though it loves human beings.Think&Share2 Is there any foreshadowing of Jimmys final decision?Find clues in the reading passage.3 What other sci-fi novels about robots can you think of?Share one with the class.4 The two reading passages in this unit show us different aspects of technology in the future.Which of these do you most expect to encounter in your lifetime?Yes,there is.At the beginning of the story,we know Jimmy has never seen a real dog.It also seems that he spends a lot of time with Robutt.Jimmy plays with Robutt enthusiastically,shouting“Come on,Robutt”.In the middle of the passage,we are told that“Jimmy couldnt go wrong while Robutt was around”,indicating that Robutt protects Jimmy well.Activity 4 Work in groups.Give a talk on whether it is possible to have a real friendship with a robot.1 Answer the questions to help to form your point of view.Why do Jimmy and his parents have different feelings towards Robutt?If you were Jimmy,which one would you choose,Robutt or a real dog?Because Jimmy was born on the Moon,he has never seen a real dog.He has been getting along well with Robutt,and thus has developed an affection for him.He cannot figure out why a real dog is better than a mechanical dog,despite his fathers explanation.While Jimmys parents have seen real dogs before they left Earth.They know what real dogs look like.They think Robutt is just a machine.Activity 4 Work in groups.Give a talk on whether it is possible to have a real friendship with a robot.2 Organise the main points you would like to cover and complete the table.Point of view ArgumentsSupporting detailsConclusion3 Give your talk to the class.Activity 4 Work in groups.Give a talk on whether it is possible to have a real friendship with a robot.Now vote for the best speaker.Ask them to share their experiences.Unit 4 A glimpse of the futureDeveloping ideas新新标准准英英语高中高中选择性必修第三册性必修第三册1.Mr Anderson said,Wheres Jimmy,dear?“Out on the crater,said Mrs Anderson.Robutt is with him.Did he arrive?Yes.Hes at the rocket station,going through the tests.I havent really seen one since I left Earth 15 years ago.”安德森先生问:“亲爱的，吉米在哪儿?”“在外面的环形山上，”安德森太太回答道，“罗布特跟吉米在-起。它到了吗?”“是的，在火箭站，正在接受测试。自从15年前我离开地球后，就从没见过真正的狗了。”2.Jimmy has never seen one,said Mrs Anderson.3.“Because hes Moon born and cant visit Earth.Thats why Im bringing one here.I think its the first one ever on the Moon.”“吉米从来没见过狗。”安德森太太说。“因为吉米是在月球上出生的，他不能去地球。所以我要带过来一只。我觉得这应该是月球上有史以来的第一只狗。4.Jimmy was out on the crater,as his mother had said.His arms and legs were long and agile.He looked thicker and stubbier with his spacesuit on,but he could handle the lunar gravity as no Earth-born human being could.The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth,which was low in the southern sky,was nearly full,so that the entire crater slope was brightly lit.The slope was a gentle one and even the weight of the spacesuit couldnt keep Jjimmy from racing up it in a floating hop that made the gravity scem nonexistent.正如吉米妈妈所说，他在外面的环形山上。吉米手长脚长，行动灵活。穿着太空服的吉米虽看起来臃肿矮胖了一些，但他能承受月球引力,而在地球出生的人是不能承受这种引力的。环形山外侧向南倾斜，南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来，因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。山坡非常平缓，即使吉米穿着厚重的太空服，也不能阻碍他跳着跃向山坡，就好像引力不存在一样。5.“Come on,Robutt,he shouted.Robutt,who could hear him by radio,squeaked and bounded after.6.Jimmy,expert though he was,couldnt outrace Robutt,who didnt need a spacesuit,and had four legs and tendons of steel.Jimmy couldnt go wrong while Robutt was around,tripping him when he was too near a rock,or jumping on him to show how much he loved him,or circling around and squeaking low and scared when.Jimmy hid behind a rock,when all the time Robutt knew well enough where he was.“快过来，罗布特。”他大喊。靠电波辨认声音的罗布特发出叫声，跳着跑向吉米。论速度，吉米虽然是个能手，但他比不过罗布特，因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱，还不用穿太空服。只要有罗布特相伴，吉米就没有危险。当吉米过于靠近一块岩石,它会扑倒他;罗布特还会扑向他，以表达爱意;当吉米藏在岩石后，罗布特就原地打转，低吼，战战兢兢，不论什么时候，罗布特都对吉米的位置了如指掌。7 He heard his fathers voice on his private wavelength.Jimmy,come back.I have something to tell you.8 Mr Anderson was smiling.We have something for you,Jimmy.Its at the rocket station now,but well have it tomorrow after all the tests are over.吉米通过自己的专属波长接收到了爸爸的声音，“吉米，回来一下。我有事情要和你说。”安德森先生面带微笑，“吉米，我们有东西要给你，它现在就在火箭站但是要等到明天所有测试结束后，我们才能接到它。”9 From Earth,Dad?10“A dog from Earth,son.The first dog on the Moon.You wont need Robutt any more.We cant keep them both,and some other boy or girl will have Robutt.He seemed to be waiting for Jimmy to say something,then he said,You know what a dog is,Jimmy.Its the real thing.Robutts only a mechanical imitation,a robot mutt.Thats how he got his name.“是从地球来的吗，爸爸?”“是从地球来的小狗，儿子，是月球上的第-只狗。你将不再需要罗布特了。我们不能同时要两只，其他的孩子会收养罗布特。”他好像在等吉米说点什么，接着又说，“你会知道什么才是真正的狗，吉米。狗是有生命的。罗布特仅仅是机械仿制品，是一只机器狗罢了。所以它才叫罗布特。11 Jjimmy frowned.Robutt isnt an imitation,Dad.12 Robutts just steel and wiring and a simple positronic brain.13 He does everything I want him to do,Dad.He understands me.14“No,son.Robutt is just a machine.Its just programmed to act the way it does.A dog is alive.Youll see the difference once he gets here.吉米皱皱眉头，“爸爸，罗布特不是仿制品。”罗布特只是用钢铁和电线制造的,只有一个简单的正电子大脑。”“爸爸，我想让它做什么，它都能做到，它懂我。”“不是这样的，儿子。罗布特只是一个机器。它的反应只不过是按照编好的程序去做而已。真正的狗是有生命的。等小狗来了，你就会明白二者的不同之处了。”15 Jimmy looked at Robutt,who was squeaking again,a very low,slow squeak that seemed frightened.Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in one bound.16 Jimmy said,“What will the diference be between Robutt and the dog?”吉米看着又在吼叫的罗布特，它的叫声非常低沉缓慢，好像受到了惊吓。吉米伸出双臂，罗布特一跃跳了上去。吉米问:“那罗布特和真正的小狗有什么不一样呢?”17 Its hard to explain,said Mr Anderson,*but it will be easy to see.The dog will really love you.Robutt is just adjusted to act as though it loves you.18“But,Dad,we dont know whats inside the dog,or what his feligs are.Maybe its just acting,too.19 Mr Anderson frowned.Jimmy,youll know the difference when youexperience the love of a living thing.“这很难解释。”安德森先生说，“但用眼睛看的话，会很容易小狗会真的爱你，而罗布特只是设定好，假装很爱你。”但是，爸爸，我们并不知道小狗真正想的是什么，它是什么感觉。可能它也只是在假装。”安德森先生眉头-皱，“吉米，如果你体验过一个生命体对你的爱时，你就会明白其中的不同。”20 Jjimmy held Robutt tightly.He was frowning,too,and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldnt change his mind.He said,“But whats the difference how they act?How about how I feel?I love Robutt and thats what counts.21 And the little robot mutt,which had never been held so tightly in all its existence,squeaked high and rapid squeaks-happy squeaks.(Adaptation of excerpts from“A Boys Best Friend by Isaac Asimov)吉米紧紧抱着罗布特。他也皱着眉头，脸上的坚定表明他不愿改变心意。他说:“那它们在行为_上有什么不一样?那我的想法呢?我爱罗布.特，我觉得这是最重要的。”小小的机器狗自出现以来从未被抱得那么紧，它发出尖细且急促的叫声,那是快乐的叫声。(节选自艾萨克，阿西莫夫的男孩的挚友)