1、-1-Section BUsing language.知识体系图解 重点词汇 1.v.欺骗,作弊 2.adj.非凡的,不寻常的 cheatremarkable重点短语1.roller skating e off 3.fight for 4.the rest of 5.keep sb from doing 6.再一次,又一次 7.最好的是 8.参加,参与 9.把视为 10.在岁时 滑旱冰掉下来为而战其余的 阻止某人做 all over againbest of allparticipate insee.as.at the age of重点句式1.In 2003,Yao Ming became t
2、he first Chinese sportsperson to win the award.2.Now talk about whether you have actively participated in the group discussion.重点语法动词-ing形式作主语.释义搭配1.cheat A.unusual or surprising in a way that causes people to take notice2.remarkableB.to trick sb or make them believe sth which is not true答案:1.B2.A.用
3、所给单词的正确形式完成句子1.(listen)to loud music at rock concerts has caused hearing loss in some teenagers.2.Its no use(cry)over spilt milk.3.Its no good(sleep)in bed all day.4.Reading in the sun(be)bad for your eyes.5.Smoking(do)harm to the health.Listeningcryingsleepingisdoes重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习1.She tried to pu
4、ll the shoe back on,but it cost her precious time.(教材P29)她想把鞋穿回去,但这耽误了她宝贵的时间。【词汇精讲】pull on 意为“穿上,戴上”。Help me pull on these boots;theyre very tight.帮我穿上这双靴子,它们太紧了。Its so cold outside that she had to pull on her gloves.外面很冷,她不得不戴上手套。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】pull away开动,离开pull back退出,撤退pull down拆毁pull in进
5、站;驶近某处;吸引pull out拉出;拿出;驶出pull through恢复健康;渡过难关pull up使停下;停下He leapt onto the train just as it was pulling away.他在火车正要开动时跳了上去。The car slowed down and pulled up by the telephone box.那辆车放慢了速度,在那个电话亭旁边停住了。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习 重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习2.This meant she could get up quickly and fight for her position i
6、n the race.(教材P29)这意味着她可以迅速站起来,为自己在比赛中的地位而战。【词汇精讲】fight为动词,表示“比赛,竞赛”;此外,fight还可以表示“争论,争吵;打架;斗争”。They were fighting in order to preserve their independence.他们正为维护独立而战。Its a trivial matter and not worth fighting about.这是件小事,不值得为此争吵。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】fight back还击,反击fight over由于争论fight for 为而战斗(竞争)f
7、ight against与作斗争fight ones way奋力前进;打(挤,推)出一条路Mr Lee decided to fight for the protection of the environment.李先生决定为保护环境而战。In order to make air clean,we must fight against pollution.为了使空气洁净,我们必须与污染作斗争。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习3.But it didnt keep her from taking part.(教材P29)但这并没有阻
8、止她参加。【词汇精讲】keep sb from(doing)意为“阻止做”,还有“使远离”的意思。The heavy rain kept us from coming in time.大雨使我们不能及时赶来。He kept the children from playing near the river.他阻止孩子们在河边玩耍。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【名师点睛】prevent和stop用于该结构时,介词from可以省略,但在被动语态中不能省;keep用于该结构,任何时候都不能省略from,否则,容易产生歧义。You should prevent/stop him(from)telli
9、ng lies.你应该阻止他说谎。He was prevented by illness from taking the final exam.他因病未能参加期末考试。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习4.But it didnt keep her from taking part.(教材P29)但这没能阻止她参加。【词汇精讲】take part意为“参加,参与”,若其后跟宾语,则用take part in;若其后无宾语,则不加in。They returned to take part in the seasons opening game.他们回来参加本赛季的开
10、幕赛。How many countries will be taking part?有多少国家要参加?重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】take part in=participate in=join sth/in doing sth参加,参与take an active part in 积极参加/参与play a part in 在中起作用;在中扮演角色As well as being a volunteer of the World Expo herself,she also persuaded us to take part in it.除了她自己做世博会志愿者以外,她还说服我
11、们也参加。Besides,you should take an active part in school sports.另外,你应该积极参加学校运动。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习5.Ive just finished my first day volunteering at the Senior Citizens Sports Club!(教材P30)我刚在老年人体育俱乐部完成了第一天的志愿工作!【词汇精讲】volunteer是动词,表示“志愿”;此外,还表示“自愿做”;作名词时,表示“志愿者”。Young people v
12、olunteered to join the army one after another.年轻人纷纷要求参军。Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothes and toys.志愿者们带来了一车车捐赠的衣服和玩具。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】volunteer as自愿担任volunteer to do sth自愿干某事volunteer oneself to do sth自愿干某事voluntary adj.自愿的;主动的A large number of volunteers from the university vol
13、unteer to teach in the remote villages.大批大学生志愿者自愿到偏远的乡村任教。According to studies,people feel good when they volunteer their time to do many meaningful things for other people.根据研究,当人们自愿抽出时间为他人做许多有意义的事情时,他们会感觉很好。Their voluntary work is well worth praising.他们的志愿工作很值得表扬。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习 重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习6
14、.In this spirit,the Laureus World Sports Awards is an annual ceremony to honour remarkable sports people.(教材P31)本着这种精神,劳伦斯世界体育奖是一个年度颁奖典礼,以表彰卓越的运动员。【词汇精讲】honour为及物动词,意为“表彰,给予荣誉”,其后直接跟宾语。honour作名词,意为“尊敬;荣幸;荣誉”。It is a great honour to be invited.承蒙邀请,十分荣幸。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】in honour of 为了纪念;为了表示对的敬
15、意have the honour of doing/to do 有做的荣幸it is an honour to do sth做某事是荣幸的be/feel honoured to do sth很荣幸做某事be honoured with.被授予The country set up a holiday in honour of the historian.那个国家设立了一个节日来纪念这名历史学家。We would be honoured if you could visit us.=Would you honour us by visiting us?倘蒙光临寒舍,不胜荣幸。May I have
16、the honour of dancing with you?我有幸与你跳舞吗?重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习1.In 2003,Yao Ming became the first Chinese sportsperson to win the award.(教材P31)2003年,姚明成为第一个获得该奖项的中国运动员【句式剖析】句中to win the award作定语,修饰the first Chinese sportsperson。当名词被序数词修饰时,后面通常用动词不定式作定语。China is the third co
17、untry to send man-made spaceship into universe.中国是世界上第三个向宇宙发射载人飞船的国家。He was the second person in the world to reach the summit without oxygen.他是世界上第二个未使用氧气筒到达峰顶的人。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【句式拓展】(1)不定式作定语,常常表示将来的动作。(2)不定式作定语与其所修饰的词之间的关系主要有动宾关系、主谓关系和所属关系。(3)当中心词为序数词或者前面有序数词,the last,the next,the only等词修饰时,后面一般
18、用动词不定式作定语。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习(4)不定式作定语,当被修饰的名词是不定式的逻辑宾语时,不定式通常用主动形式;若不定式是不及物动词,但与所修饰的词有逻辑上的动宾关系,其后应加一个适当的介词;或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后面也须有相应的介词。That is the only thing to worry about.那是唯一可担心的事。The girl had no chance to go to school because of poverty.因为贫困,那个女孩没有上学的机会。We had to find a room to live
19、in.我们不得不找个房子住下来。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【名师点睛】有些名词的后面常用不定式作定语,常见的有:ability能力,ambition抱负、野心,anxiety焦急,attempt试图,chance机会,courage勇气,decision决定,determination决心,effort努力,failure失败,hope希望,intention目的、意图,need需要,opportunity机会,plan计划,promise诺言,readiness乐意,refusal拒绝,tendency倾向,right权力,struggle斗争,threat威胁,time时候,way方
20、法,willingness愿意,wish希望。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习 重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习2.Now talk about whether you have actively participated in the group discussion.(教材P31)现在谈谈你是否积极参加了小组讨论。【句式剖析】句中whether连接的名词性从句,作介词about的宾语。It depends on whether you are determined to do it or not.这取决于你是否决心要做这件事情。We should find
21、out whether the museum is open.我们该查查博物馆是不是开门。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【句式拓展】whether/if连接的名词性从句(1)两者引导宾语从句时基本可以替换。Ask if/whether he will come to the meeting.问问他是否要来参加会议。(2)whether可以引导主语从句,而if不能。Whether the news is true or not remains a question.这消息是不是真的还是个问题。(3)whether引导的名词性从句可作介词的宾语,而if不能。It all depends on w
22、hether she likes the company or not.一切都取决于她喜欢不喜欢这家公司。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习(4)whether可引导表语从句,而if不能。The question is whether the book is worth reading.问题是这本书是否值得读。(5)whether可引导同位语从句,而if不能。The question whether he will go or not hasnt been decided.他是否去的问题尚未确定下来。(6)在not sure/certain后面引导从句时,只能用whether。He isnt s
23、ure whether he should attend the conference.他不知道自己该不该参加这个大会。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习动词-ing形式作主语1.动词-ing形式的特点(1)既有动词的特征,也有名词的特征;(2)动词-ing形式由“动词原形+ing”构成,其否定形式为“not+动词-ing形式”;(3)动词-ing形式在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,但不能作谓语。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习2.动词-ing形式作主语其实很简单,只要注意以下三点:(1)动词-ing形式作主语一般表示经常性、习惯
24、性的动作;(2)动词-ing形式常常被看作不可数名词,作主语时,谓语用第三人称单数形式;(3)动词-ing形式有时用it作形式主语,而把动词-ing形式后置。Learning English all by yourself is very difficult.完全靠自己学英语很难。Its a waste of time playing video games every day.每天玩游戏简直就是浪费时间。It is fun playing with children.和孩子们一起玩很开心。It is no use crying.哭是没有用的。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习3.不定式作主语与
25、动词-ing形式作主语的区别一般而言,不定式作主语与动词-ing形式作主语是可以互换的,但是不定式作主语经常被用来表示具体的某一次的行为或将来的动作,强调动作本身;动词-ing形式作主语用来表示习惯性的、经常的动作,表示的时间概念不强,强调事情本身。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习.单词拼写1.However,children are often naive and apparently its easy to(欺骗)a child.答案:cheat2.The most striking finding of the report is the(显著的)consistency between
26、the happiness of immigrants and the locally born.答案:remarkable重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习.翻译句子1.看电影是我最喜欢的消遣。答案:Watching films is my favourite pastime.2.我开门使他生气。答案:My opening the door annoyed him.3.劝说这样的人加入我们,真是浪费时间。答案:It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.4.很难说他何时回来。答案:There is no saying wh
27、en hell come.5.寻找水稻高产的方法成了他一生的目标。答案:Finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习.语法填空 When scholars of international relations predict that the 21st century will be a“Chinese century”,they are full of reasons.1.America remains the only superpower,China is responsible for an
28、 important share of global change.Since 2.start of the financial crisis in 2008,for example,China has accounted 3.45%of the gain in world GDP.In 1990 about 750 million Chinese people lived in extreme 4._(poor);today fewer than 10 million do.Its GDP per person,in the terms of purchasing-power,5.(rise
29、)ten times since 1990.Although/Though/Whiletheforpovertyhas risen重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习 Chinas 6.(amaze)performance has greatly affected the worlds economic output.The Economist has worked out a geographic centre of the global economy by taking an average of each countrys latitude and longitude(经纬度),7.(measure)by 8.(it)GDP.At the height of Americas control,this point previously sat in the north Atlantic.But China has pulled it so far east 9.the global centre of economic gravity 10._(be)now in Siberia.amazingmeasureditsthatis
