1、 Book4Unit 1 Science Fiction vocabulary(4)People participate in a March for Our Lives rally at the Texas state Capitol in Austin,Texas,on June 11,2022.A group of bipartisan US senators on Sunday announced a narrow gun safety deal amid public disappointment about political inaction.inaction-inactive不
2、活动的；不活跃的；惰性的He chafed at the forced inaction他因强制不许活动而感到烦躁恼怒。Neither silence nor inaction is necessary.即不要保持沉默也不能按兵不动。The opposition speaker made a lively speech,lacing into the government for its recent inaction.反对党的演讲者作了一次生动的演讲，抨击了政府最近的无所作为。The resultant of all the many forces on teachers is often
3、inaction and numbness.所有作用于教师的力量的结果就是使他们变得怠惰和麻木。【反义词】action行为conflictknflkt She often comes into conflict with her husband.她经常和他丈夫起争执。The goverment didnt resolve the conflicts between peasant-worker and businessmam.政府没有解决农民工和商人之间的冲突。n.矛盾；冲突Your interests conflict with mine.你的利益和我的冲突。The hours of tho
4、se two exams conflict.那两门测验的钟点互有抵触。Both sides suffered heavy casualties in the border armed conflict.在这次边界武装冲突中双方都遭到了重大伤亡。He was wounded in the conflict.他在战斗中负伤。avoidaconflict避免挑起冲突faceconflictswith面临着与冲突armedconflict武装冲突classconflict阶级对抗conflictamongbetween之间的冲突conflictof的冲突conflictwith与发生冲突argumen
5、t，conflict，debate，dispute，quarrel，这组名词均有“争执、不和”之意。argument指辩论双方均以事实或理由来说服对方的辨论。conflict指双方坚持已见、互不妥协，怀有敌意的争论，多暗示分歧极为严重，有时用语言无法解决，只得诉诸武力。debate通常指经过仔细组织和计划的个人或团体之间的辩论。dispute普通用词，侧重指长时间，言词激烈，针锋相对的争辩。quarrel普通用词，既可指言词激烈的争吵，也可指温和的言词上的不和。With the International Labour Organizations guidance,workers operat
6、e a seeder in a cotton field in Shawan,Northwest Chinas Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region,April 16,2022.labourn.劳动；（尤指）体力劳动 vi.劳动；工作;努力Labour is not only a necessity but also a pleasure.劳动不仅是人生所必需的，而且是一种乐趣。It takes a lot of labour to build a railway.修筑一条铁路要花费许多劳动力。用作用作动词动词(v.)We labour for the happin
7、ess of mankind.我们为人类的幸福而努力。Miners labour in the bowels of earth.矿工们在地底下劳动。The old man laboured up the hillside.老人吃力地登上山腰。The horses laboured up the steep slope.那些马费力地爬上了陡坡。A Clarks shop in Shanghai.Viva has already acquired century-old Italian leather footwear brand Amedeo Testoni earlier this year.
8、leathern.皮革；皮制品皮革；皮制品adj.皮革制的皮革制的levern.杠杆；控制杠杆；控制杆杆v.撬开；使用杠杆撬开；使用杠杆用作名词用作名词(n.)He employed his knife as a lever.他把刀子当杠杆用。用作用作动词动词(v.)They managed to lever the door open.他们设法撬开了门。We are trying to lever the roots out,but in vain.我们试图撬掉这些树根,但没有成功。Standing like modern scarecrows,with a slanted solar pa
9、nel for a hat,the pest killers were installed by a young man from the city who decided to come to the countryside to help revolutionize and vitalize the agricultural industry.paneln.嵌板；仪表盘；面板；座嵌板；仪表盘；面板；座谈小组；陪审团谈小组；陪审团v.嵌镶嵌镶It takes about 10 years of carving through cliff faces inch by inch to compl
10、ete a road to Xiyagou village.inchn.英寸；少量英寸；少量v.慢慢移动慢慢移动（复）（复）inchesinchbyinch一步一步地 step by stepbackwardsadv.向后；倒；往回向后；倒；往回backwards用作副词时,也可写作backward(尤其在美式英语中),意思是“向后,往后”,引申可表示“每况愈下,退步”。backwards还可作“倒,逆”解,指朝反方向运动。e.g.She looked backwards over her shoulder.她回头向后看。Lean backwards and let your partner
11、catch you.向后仰，让你的伙伴抓住你。She stepped backwards into the pond.她向后退，掉进了水池。backwardsandforwards详尽；彻底leanbendoverbackwards尽力(以至有点过分)know.backwards对了如指掌,熟知grip the basketballgrip-gripped-gripped n.紧握；手提包；了解；手柄紧握；手提包；了解；手柄vt.吸引；紧抓吸引；紧抓e.g.His grip weakened as he was tired.因为累了,他紧握的手放松了。He keeps a firm grip
12、on his children.他对孩子们管得很严。He has a good grip of several languages.他对几种语言有深刻了解。Their hands gripped hard.他们紧紧握手。The brake doesnt grip properly.刹车不灵了。She gripped my hand in fear.她因害怕而紧握住我的手。The fireman gripped the railing to climb up.消防队员抓紧栏杆爬上去。Car tyres grip the road well.汽车轮胎在路面上滚动得平稳。Its hard to gr
13、ip his argument as he is constantly shifting his ground.因为他总是改变立场,所以很难理解他的论点。The girl seemed to be gripped by a powerful desire to laugh.这姑娘好像被一种想笑的强烈欲望所支配。grip,catch,grasp,hold这组词的共同意思是“掌握”。其区别是：hold含义最广,指抓牢或掌握具体或抽象的事物;grip指全力紧抓事物;grasp常指对抽象理论、原理的领悟或理解;catch指拼命抓牢不放,唯恐其滑掉或丢失,比其他三个词更强调控制。例如:Hold the
14、reins tight.把缰绳抓紧。I threw the ball,and the dog caught it in his mouth.我把球抛出,狗用嘴接住了球。I think I grasped the main points of the speech.我想我已经领会了演说的要点。She gripped my hand in fear.她因害怕而紧握住我的手。1.“Please dont go”,he said,_her arm.2.I _ by the story，so I read the story carefully.=be attracted bygrippingwas g
15、ripped用grip的适当形式填空An animal is seen grazing in the polluted water of the river Yamuna,covered in foam during a hazy morning,in New Delhi,India,Oct 14,2020.hazy adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的a hazy skyThe mountains were hazy in the distance.Im a little hazy about what to do next.朦胧的朦胧的模糊的模糊的困惑的困惑的同义词misty foggy ind
16、istinct vague From left:Helen Foster Snows nephew John Foster,great-nephew Adam Foster and niece Debra Foster visit Aunt Tillys house,where Snow lived for a few years while going to school in Salt Lake City.niecen.侄女；外甥女侄女；外甥女nephew n.外甥；侄子外甥；侄子Her niece is wearing a bright yellowish skirt.她的侄女穿著一条鲜
17、明的淡黄色裙子。My niece has practiced ballet for six years.我侄女已练了六年芭蕾舞了。My niece was left in my trust for the weekend.我受托周末照顾我的外甥女。Nancy is staying with her niece for the moment.南希暂时同她外甥女住在一起。The girl comes to the compound gate to fetch the medication,fetch vt.去拿来；去请来He fetched home after his long ride.骑了很
18、久之后他回到了家。Shall I fetch you your coat fetch your coat for you from the next room?要我去隔壁房间把你的大衣拿来吗?Ill fetch Mrs.Baxter said the maid.“我去请巴克斯特夫人”公仆说。The house11 fetch at least 30000.这栋房子至少会卖得30000镑。bring,carry,take,fetch,get,convey,transport这些动词均有“带、拿、取”之意。bring指从某处把人或物带到或拿到说话者所在的地点，强调方向，不着重方式。carry指把物
19、品从一个地方带到另一个地方，不涉及方向，只强调方式。take指从说话人或说话人心目中所在处把某人或某物带离开，带到离说话者有一定距离的地方，与bring的方向正相反，侧重方向，不着重方式。fetch指一往一返，相当于go and bring，去取了东西或带人再返回到出发处。get口语用词，与fetch基本同义，语气随便。convey指通过中间人传递信息，或以某种方式把人或物送到目的地。transport指使用车辆或机械设备把人或货物从一处运载到另一处。A boy presents a handkerchief he made for his mother at a kindergarten i
20、n Hefei,capital of East Chinas Anhui province,May 9,2013.handkerchiefn.手帕；方巾；围巾手帕；方巾；围巾纸巾其复数形式有两种:handkerchiefs或handkerchieves。The Changxin Palace Lamp,a bronze artifact dating back to the Western Han Dynasty(206 BC-AD 24),is displayed at the exhibition titled Origins,Developments and Achievements o
21、f Chinese Civilization,which opened on at the Palace Museum in Beijing on Jan 25,2022.lamp n.灯；台灯；油灯；光源灯；台灯；油灯；光源Team China star Wang Shuang is planning to return to Europe,revealing a move to Englands Womens Super League is in the works.However,Team Chinas Tokyo 2020 campaign turnedoutto be a major
22、 disappointment,with the squad failing to emerge from its group after defeats to Brazil and the Netherlands and a draw with Zambia.The film turned out to be a great success.It turned out that this method doesnt work well.The factory can turn out a hundred cars a day.The school has turned out a lot of excellent scholars.turn 短语：turn on打开(煤气、自来水、电灯等)turn off 关上turn down减弱，降低，拒绝turn around/about 转过身来turn away 转过头turn to sb./sth.(for help)向求助，查阅结果结果(是是)证明是证明是生产生产培养出培养出2030Thanks
