1、Using languageUnit 2 Improving Yourself1.Were the students in sentence(a)persuaded before the detox started,or afterwards?Activity 1.Look at the sentences and answer the questions.Sentence(a)is from the reading passage.a At the start of the detox,over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using so
2、cial media,in ANY form,for seven days.-b At the start of the detox,people had persuaded over 100 students to stop using social media,in ANY form,for seven days.The students were persuaded before the detox started.Using languageActivity 1.Look at the sentences and answer the questions.Sentence(a)is f
3、rom the reading passage.Using language2.What is the difference between sentences(a)and(b)?a At the start of the detox,over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media,in ANY form,for seven days.-b At the start of the detox,people had persuaded over 100 students to stop using social me
4、dia,in ANY form,for seven days.Sentence(a)uses the passive voice of the past perfect tense,while sentence(b)uses the active voice of the past perfect tense.3.Why does the author choose to use a passive form instead of an active form?Activity 1.Look at the sentences and answer the questions.Sentence(
5、a)is from the reading passage.a At the start of the detox,over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media,in ANY form,for seven days.-b At the start of the detox,people had persuaded over 100 students to stop using social media,in ANY form,for seven days.The passive voice can be used
6、 to emphasize the acceptor of an action.Using language过去完成时的被动语态的用法：Activity 1.Now look for more sentences with the past perfect passive in the reading passage,and summarise its use in your own words.Sentences with the past perfect passive:1 They had been promised money by family and friends for eac
7、h day spent without using social media.2 But on reflection,I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone.1.时间指过去的过去；2.主语与谓语动词是被动关系；3.在过去某一时间已经完成且造成一定的影响或结果。Using language 用法用法 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的被动动作，常与by，before，when，until，by the time等引导的时间状语从句连用。A new agreement had been
8、signed by the time we got there.等我们到那儿的时候，一项新协议已经签署。The house had been picked up by the hurricane before they took measures.在他们采取措施之前，房子已经被飓风卷走了。Using language 句式结构句式结构 肯定式：主语had been done.否定式：主语had not been done.一般疑问式：Had主语been done?过去完成时的被动语态过去完成时的被动语态Using language过去完成时的被动语态过去完成时的被动语态 表示从过去某一时间开始
9、延续到过去另一时间的被动动作，常与for，since引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。It was reported that the sale had been advertised for several weeks.据报道，这场销售活动已经做了好几个星期的广告了。The house had been picked up by the hurricane before they took measures.在他们采取措施之前，房子已经被飓风卷走了。用在said，told，knew，thought，wondered等动词后的宾语从句中，表示在这些动作之前已经发生的被动动作。The arch
10、itect told us that the project had been completed.那位建筑师告诉我们工程已经完工了。Using language过去完成时的被动语态过去完成时的被动语态 根据语意可以判断出动作先于过去某个动作的被动语态，用过去完成时。He had to leave his house because it had been flooded.他只好离开他的房子，因为他的房子已经被淹没了。在It was the first/second.time that.的从句中，主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。It was the second time th
11、at his bike had been stolen.那是他的自行车第二次被盗。在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去的事实相反，且主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been invited earlier,I would have gone with you.要是我早些时候被邀请，我就会和你一起去了。Activity 2.Complete Jacks blog post with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.Before I turned over a new leaf,I had always been a
12、very lazy student.I was careless about handing in my homework,and none of my assignment deadlines 1 (meet).Indeed,I would deliberately“lose”my homework in my incredibly messy room,so that I could put off 2 (do)it!My parents soon worked out this trick,though,and one day l came home to find that my ro
13、om 3 (clean),and my homework 4 (put)right in the centre of a spotlessly clean desk!A present 5 (leave)on the desk,too(I think Mum did that):a book called The Art of Procrastination.The author,John Perry,said that procrastination was about 6 (avoid)the hardest and most important tasks.So,7 (make)sure
14、 you do your homework,put it second or third on your to-do list,not at the top.Then put one or two really hard things you dont want to do at the top of the list.You will procrastinate to avoid the hard stuff by doing your homework!Using languagehad been metPosted by Jack at 13:34doinghad been cleane
15、dhad been puthad been leftavoidingto makeUsing languageActivity 4.Work in pairs.Talk about what had happened before you started a new habit of your own.Use the past perfect passive where appropriate.Before a new smart phone was bought for me,many of my telephone numbers had been set down in my noteb
16、ook and many photos had been stored in my computer.After my mother gave me the new smart phone,I can store the telephone numbers and photos in it,which saves me much time.Using languageActivity 5.Match the sentences to the signs.Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.()1 Do not litter.()
17、2 Do not talk loudly in public.()3 Do not spit in public.()4 Do not walk on the grass.()5 Do not smoke.()6 Do not take photos.abcdefabefcdActivity 6.Complete the conversations with the correct form of the words and expressions in Activity 5.1 A:What do you do when people .B:I put my headphones on.I
18、dont want to hear other peoples conversations.2 A:How can we stop people .B:We should tell them its dirty and it can spread diseases.3 A:What would you do if you saw people .B:I would go up to them and ask them to put the litter into a rubbish bin.Using languagetalk loudly in publicspitting in publi
19、clitteringActivity 6.Complete the conversations with the correct form of the words and expressions in Activity 5.4 A:How can we prevent people from .B:If we keep the grass looking really neat,maybe people will realise they shouldnt walk on it.5 A:What would you do if you saw someone where its not al
20、lowed?B:Id politely remind them its not permitted,and that they should be considerate of others.6 A:What would you do if you saw someone in a museum?B:Id ask them to stop,because it can damage the exhibits.Using languagewalking on the grasssmokingtaking photosActivity 6.Now work in pairs.Think of mo
21、re types of inappropriate behaviour and talk about what you think is the right thing to do when faced with them.Using languageInappropriate behaviour:Bicycles are parked randomly.The right thing to do:Ill suggest people park the bicycles where they wont block the way.Small ads are posted everywhere.
22、Ill tell people that small ads will make the city look ugly,and we should make efforts to make our city beautiful.People cross the street without obeying traffic rules.I will warn people that its dangerous to do like that and we should obey the traffic rules.Activity 7.Listen to the interview and ch
23、oose a topic for it.1 How to promote values education.2 How to inspire students to work hard.3 How to introduce school programmes.4 How to fairly distribute books and umbrellas.Using languageActivity 8.Listen again and complete the newspaper report.A school in our city came up with an innovative pro
24、gramme to promote the traditional value of 1 .School principal Ms Wu gave several examples of how the programme works.To begin with,the school introduced an activity called the“unsupervised examination”for some of the classes.That means during this examination,there is no teacher 2 .Before taking th
25、is examination,students first need to 3 .Students generally expressed that its good to feel 4 and they quite enjoyed 5 in the examination.In turn,they developed 6 .The school also introduced what is called the 7“”.Printed on each umbrella was a short statement about 8 .At the end of the term,all the
26、 umbrellas were returned 9 .None of them had been lost or damaged.Now Ms Wu and her colleagues plan to introduce the programme to 10 .Everyone needs to work together to build a culture of honesty.They hope more teachers and students will get involved.Using languagehonestypresent to oversee the stude
27、ntssign a letter of commitmenttrustedthe relaxed atmospheregreater self-controlhonesty umbrellahonesty and other valuesin one pieceanother branch of the schoolTapescript (I=Interviewer W=Ms Wu)I:Honesty is a traditional value for the Chinese.Recently,one senior high school in our city developed a pr
28、ogramme to promote honesty among its students.Today we are honoured to have with us the principal of that high school,Ms Wu Yuxian,who is the initiator of the Honesty Programme.Ms Wu,how did you go about promoting honesty at your school?W:I can give a couple of examples.We first started an activity
29、last year called the“unsupervised examination”.That is,during this examination,there is no teacher present to oversee the students.Before taking the examination,students first need to sign a letter of commitment,promising to abide by the rules.I:Its great that you trust all of your students to sit t
30、he unsupervised examination.W:Well,let me clarify,its still only some of them.In the beginning,we chose only some classes so we could get an idea if an unsupervised examination would work or not.To our surprise,it was a great success.Students generally expressed that they like this kind of examinati
31、on because its good to feel trusted and they quite enjoyed the relaxed atmosphere in the examination.In turn,they developed greater self-control.As a result,more classes will do this examination as of next term.Using languageTapescript (I=Interviewer W=Ms Wu)I:What fabulous students!Can you give any
32、 other examples from the Honesty Programme?W:Yes,for instance,we have what we call the“honesty umbrella”.At the start of the term,we put 200 umbrellas in the library,the canteen and the teaching buildings.Printed on each umbrella was a short statement about honesty and other values,such as“Honesty i
33、s the best policy”or“Its good to share”.The result was that at the end of the term,all the umbrellas were returned in one piece.I mean not one of them had been lost or damaged.I:Thats fantastic!What else are you going to do?W:We are planning to expand the programme.Take next year as an illustration.
34、We aim to introduce the programme to another branch of the school.A culture of honesty can exist and grow in a group environment.To put it another way,everyone needs to work together to build a culture of honesty,and we need more teachers and students to join us.I:Thank you,Ms Wu!W:Its my pleasure.U
35、sing languageActivity 9.Complete the boxes with the expressions from the interview.I can give a couple of examples.That is.Let me clarify.For instance,.I mean.Take.as an illustration.To put it another way,.Using languageClarifying what you mean：Giving examples：That is.Let me clarify.I mean.To put it
36、 another way,.I can give a couple of examples.For instance,.Take.as an illustration.Using language Words and Phrases 1.messy Indeed,I would deliberately“lose”my homework in my incredibly messy room,so that I could put off doing it!(教材P17)事实上，我会故意把我的家庭作业“丢”在我异常凌乱的房间里，这样我就可以推迟做作业了！【用法详解】：adj.凌乱的，肮脏的 H
37、is colleagues found his living room so messy,which made him awkward.他的同事发现他的起居室非常凌乱，这令他很尴尬。Using language Words and Phrases 1.messy adj.使脏乱的，使不整洁的 Its a messy business having the house painted.粉刷房子会弄得很脏。adj.混乱的，难以处理的 Negotiations would be messy and time-consuming.谈判既麻烦又费时。【知识拓展】mess n.肮脏，杂乱；麻烦，困境 v.
38、使不整洁，弄乱，弄脏 make a mess of.弄乱，把弄糟 What a mess!真乱啊！(be)in a mess 杂乱不堪，陷入困境 mess(sth.)up 把弄糟，胡乱地做 The heavy rain has made a real mess of the garden.这场大雨把花园弄得脏极了。Using language Words and Phrases 2.put off Indeed,I would deliberately“lose”my homework in my incredibly messy room,so that I could put off do
39、ing it!(教材P17)事实上，我会故意把我的家庭作业“丢”在我异常凌乱的房间里，这样我就可以推迟做作业了！【用法详解】：put off 意为“推迟，延迟”，后接名词、代词或v-ing作宾语。其后接人称代词作宾语时，人称代词放在put和off之间；后接名词作宾语时，名词放在off前后均可。Never put off till tomorrow what can be done today.今日事，今日毕。He keeps putting of going to the dentist.他把看牙医的事情一拖再拖。Using language Words and Phrases 2.put o
40、ff You really ought to write to her.You cant just keep putting it off.你确实应该给她写信了，你不能再拖了。The sports meting had to be put off because of the heavy fog.因为大雾，运动会只得推迟。【知识拓展】put 构成的其他短语：put up with 忍受，容忍 put on 穿上，戴上；上演；抹，涂，擦 put down 写下，记下；镇压 put away 将收起来，攒钱 put out 熄灭，扑灭；出版；生产 put through 给接通（电话），完成 pu
41、t forward 提出，建议 put up 搭建，提升，张贴 Using language Words and Phrases 3.appropriate adj.合适的，恰当的合适的，恰当的 Use the past perfect passive where appropriate.(教材P17)在合适的地方使用过去完成时态的被动语态。【常见搭配】：appropriate time/place 合适的时间地点 I dont feel that this is an appropriate time to mention the subject.我觉得这个时候不适合提这个话题。be app
42、ropriate for/to sth.适合 Jeans are not appropriate for a formal party like this.在像这样的正式聚会上穿牛仔裤是不合适的。Using language Words and Phrases 3.appropriate adj.合适的，恰当的合适的，恰当的 It is appropriate to do sth.做某事很合适。It is not appropriate to ask such personal questions in an interview.在采访中问这样的私人问题是不合适的。【知识拓展】（1）appro
43、priately adv.恰当地，合适地（2）inappropriate adj.不适当的，不合适的 inappropriate behaviour/language 不恰当的行为语言Using language Words and Phrases 4.considerate adj.考虑周到的，体贴的，为（他人）着想的考虑周到的，体贴的，为（他人）着想的Id politely remind them its not permitted,and that they should be considerate of others.(教材P18)我会礼貌地提醒他们这是不允许的，他们应该为别人想想。
44、【常见搭配】：be considerate of/to/towards.对体贴，为着想 He is always considerate towards old people.他对老人一向很体贴。It is/was considerate of sb.to do sth.某人做某事很体贴。It was considerate of you to bring me my raincoat.你把我的雨衣带来给我，真是体贴。Using language Words and Phrases 4.considerate adj.考虑周到的，体贴的，为（他人）着想的考虑周到的，体贴的，为（他人）着想的【知
45、识拓展】：consider v.仔细考虑，认为 consider sb./sth.as/to be.认为某人某物 We dont consider our customers to be mere consumers;we consider them to be our friends.我们没有视我们的顾客为纯粹的消费者；我们视他们为我们的朋友。consideration n.U,C 仔细考虑，U体谅 take sth.into consideration 把考虑在内 be under consideration 在考虑中 considering prep.&conj.考虑到，鉴于Using
46、language Words and Phrases 5.promote vt.促进，推动；提升，晋升；推销，促销促进，推动；提升，晋升；推销，促销 How to promote values education.(教材P19)如何推进价值观教育。【例句】Our club aims to promote the friendship between Chinese people and foreigners.我们俱乐部旨在促进中国人与外国人之间的友谊。She worked hard and was soon promoted.她工作努力，不久就得到了提升。The band has gone o
47、n tour to promote their new album.这个乐队已开始巡回宣传他们的新唱片。Using language Words and Phrases 5.promote vt.促进，推动；提升，晋升；推销，促销促进，推动；提升，晋升；推销，促销 【知识拓展】promotion n.U,C 提升，提拔；促销活动；U（体育运动队的）晋级；推广，促进 Her promotion to Sales Manager took everyone by surprise.她被提拔为销售经理了，这让每个人都感到意外。We are doing a special promotion of C
48、hilean wines.我们正在进行智利葡萄酒的特别促销活动。She works in sales and promotion.她从事销售和推广工作。Using language Sentences 1.This is what his room looked like yesterday morning.(教材P17)这是他的房间昨天早上的样子。【句式结构】本句为主从复合句，what引导表语从句。*what引导表语从句的用法*what 引导表语从句时，可在表语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语；引导表语从句时，what既可起双重代词的作用，表示“的事物地方人”，还可保留自身的疑问含义，意为“
49、什么”。Using language Sentences 1.This is what his room looked like yesterday morning.(教材P17)这是他的房间昨天早上的样子。【例句】what引导表语从句。The focus of interest in the series is what goes on in everyday life.这部连续剧关注的焦点是日常生活琐事。“Every time you eat a sweet,drink green tea.”This is what my mother used to tell me.“每次吃甜点的时候，
50、你就喝点绿茶。”这是过去妈妈经常对我说的话。China is not what it used to be any longer.现在的中国不再是过去的样子了。Using language Sentences 【例句】that引导表语从句 My idea is that we should start making preparations right now.我的意见是我们应该马上开始做准备工作。The problem with his health is that he doesnt have a healthy lifestyle.他的健康问题是他没有健康的生活方式。The impres
