1、Developing ideas新标准新标准英语英语高中选择性必修第三册高中选择性必修第三册 National Southwest Associated University a comprehensive university established in Kunming during the Chinese War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.After the Marco Polo Bridge Incident,The Japanese imperialists launched an all-out war of aggress
2、ion against China.In order to preserve the educational essence of the Chinese nation from destruction,colleges and universities in many big cities in north China and along the coast have moved inward.During the eight years of the Anti-Japanese War,more than 10 universities moved to Yunnan,among whic
3、h the most famous is the National Southwest Associated University.National Southwest Associated University is a joint venture of National Peking University,National Tsinghua University and the private Nankai University.国立西南联合大学中国抗日战争期间设于昆明的一所综合性大学。卢沟桥事变后，日本帝国主义全面发动侵华战争。为保存中华民族教育精华免遭毁灭，华北及沿海许多大城市的高等学
4、校纷纷内迁。抗战八年间，迁入云南的高校有10余所，其中最著名的是国立西南联合大学。西南联大是由国立北京大学、国立清华大学和私立南开大学联合而成。1937 When the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out,Peking University,Tsinghua University and Nankai University moved to Changsha,Hunan province and formed Changsha Temporary University,which opened on October
5、25.In April 1938,it moved west to Kunming and was renamed National Southwest Associated University.Classes began on May 4,with 26 departments in 5 colleges,including arts,science,law,commerce,engineering and normal school,and two specialized courses and one elective class.1937年抗日战争发生，北京大学、清华大学、南开大学先
6、迁至湖南长沙，组成长沙临时大学，同年10月25日开学。1938年4月又西迁昆明，改称国立西南联合大学。5月4日开始上课，设立文、理、法商、工、师范5个院26个系，两个专修科一个选修班。Peking University,Tsinghua University and Nankai University used to be famous institutions of higher learning.They have their own unique experiences and teaching styles.Since the founding of National Southwes
7、t Associated University has gathered a group of famous experts,scholars and professors with abundant teachers and abundant talents.Under the extremely difficult conditions,they persisted in rigorous academic attitude and set up excellent style of study,which was the largest famous institution of hig
8、her learning in China at that time.北大、清华、南开原为著名的高等学府，它们有各自独特的经历，有各自的教学作风，组成联大以后，荟集了一批著名专家、学者、教授，师资充实，人才济济。他们在极其艰苦的条件下，坚持严谨的治学态度，树立优良学风，是当时中国规模最大的著名高等学府。During its eight years of operation,National Southwest Associated University has graduated about 2000 students,all of whom have made great achieveme
9、nts in their studies.Some of them have become world-famous experts and scholars,who have made great contributions to Chinas construction,the development of higher education and academic research in the world.After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,Southwest Associated University was disbanded in
10、1946,and the three schools moved back to Beijing and Tianjin respectively.西南联大在办学的8年中毕业学生约2000人，均学有成就，有的成为举世闻名的专家学者，他们对中国的建设事业、高等教育的发展和世界学术研究，作出了贡献。抗战胜利后，1946年西南联大解散，3校分别迁回北京、天津复校。From May 4,1938 to May 4,1946,national Southwest Associated University had been in Yunnan for 8 years.Under extremely di
11、fficult conditions,Southwest Associated University has cultivated a large number of outstanding talents.Many of them are the first-class scientists renowned at home and abroad.国立西南联合大学自1938年5月4日开始上课，至1946年5月4日结束，西南联大在滇整8年。在极其艰苦的条件下，西南联大培养出大批杰出人才。其中有许多是蜚声中外的第一流科学家。Teachers of Southwest Associated Uni
12、versity:Feng Youlan,Wen Yiduo,Zhu Ziqing,Wu Mi,Pan Guangdan,Liang Sicheng,Lin Huiyin,Jin Yuelin,Zhou Peiyuan,Wu Youxun,Chen Yinke,Chen Daisun,Fei Xiaotong,Zhao Jiuzhang,Wu Han,Qian Zhongshu,Hua Luogeng,Wang Zhuxi 西南联大老师：冯友兰、闻一多、朱自清、吴宓、潘光旦、梁思成、林徽因、金岳霖、周培源、吴有训、陈寅恪、陈岱孙、费孝通、赵九章、吴晗、钱钟书、华罗庚、王竹溪 Southwest
13、Associated University has been in existence for less than 9 years,with only 8,000 students and poor conditions and hard life.However,Southwest Associated University has cultivated a large number of talents,including two Nobel Prize winners-Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao,three national Top science and
14、 Technology award winners-Huang Kun,Liu Dongsheng and Ye Duzheng.Six two bombs and one star medal winners-Guo Yonghuai,Chen Fangyun,Tu Shoue,Zhu Guangya,Deng Jiaxian,Wang Xiji,nearly 100 academicians of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering.In science,education,journalism,pu
15、blishing,engineering and technology,literature and art and other fields,many Southwest Associated University alumni have become business and political backbone.There are also many unU alumni with significant achievements in Taiwan and abroad.西南联大存在的时间不满9年，就读学生不过八千，而且条件简陋，生活艰苦，但却培养出了一大批人才，其中包括两位诺贝尔奖获
16、得者杨振宁、李政道，三位国家最高科技奖获得者黄昆、刘东生、叶笃正，6位“两弹一星”功勋奖章获得者郭永怀、陈芳允、屠守锷、朱光亚、邓稼先、王希季，近百位中国科学院和中国工程院院士。在科学、教育、新闻、出版、工程技术、文学艺术等各个领域都有不少西南联大校友成为业务和政治骨干。在台湾和海外，有重大成就的联大校友，也不乏其人。校训 刚毅坚卓 校歌 万里长征，辞却了五朝宫阙，暂驻足衡山湘水，又 成离别。绝徼移栽桢干质，九州遍洒黎元血。尽笳吹弦诵在山城，情弥切。千秋耻，终当雪。中兴业，须人杰。便一城三户，壮怀难折。多难殷忧新国运，动心忍性希前哲。待驱除仇寇复神京，还燕碣。Activity 1 Look a
17、t the pictures and answer the questions.1 What kind of university do you think it is?What do you know about it?2 How is it different from today s universities?Now read the passage and find out what is so special about Lianda.Activity 2 Choose the ideas that are conveyed in the passage.Find evidence
18、to support your choices.2,4,62,4,6Activity 3 Find out what figures of speech are used in the sentences and discuss how they help to express the authors emotions.1 Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky,2 They had to live in rough buildings,packed 40 to a room,like sardines.Thin
19、k&Share1 What difficulties did the professors and students of Lianda encounter?How did they deal with these?2 What is your understanding of the poem written by Zha Liangzheng?1 They had to travel a long distance to reach Lianda.Throughout the journey,they had no accommodation and had to survive extr
20、eme conditions.Also,the conditions in Lianda itself were very harsh.They did not have enough food and studied in rough buildings.Furthermore,their study was often interrupted by air attacks.They had to adapt to these challenges,for instance,by holding their classes when they were not likely to be bo
21、mbed.Think&Share3 What contribution did Lianda make to the education of the nation?4 In what ways is the theme of war and peace presented differently in the two reading passages in this unit?3 Many of Chinas leading scholars and scientists came from Lianda,including two Nobel Prize winners.Lianda s
22、spirit has become the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era.4 The passage on the D-Day landings focuses on war as a military operation,and on how dead soldiers are memorialised.The passage on Lianda focuses on how war affected Chinas students and academics,and how they were able
23、to achieve excellence in spite of the great difficulties.Activity 4Work in groups.Give a talk about the spirit of Lianda.1 Discuss the questions below.How can you describe the spirit of Lianda?What examples support your ideas?What can you learn from the story of Lianda?Activity 42 Complete the diagr
24、am with your ideas and the examples that support them.Activity 43 Give your talk to the class.Now think about your performance in this activity.Did you actively participate and contribute ideas?Writing about a war heroActivity 5Read the introduction to Yang Jingyu and answer the questions.1 Who was
25、Yang Jingyu?2 Why did Yang decide to let small groups of his men break through the encirclement?3 What did the Japanese find when they killed Yang?4 How would you describe Yangs spirit in your own words?Yang Jingyu was an anti-Japanese hero,who died in a fight against Japanese troops.Because at that
26、 time there was a critical lack of supplies.They found only tree bark,cotton and grass roots,instead of rice in his stomach.Activity 6Work in groups.Talk about other war heroes and choose one to write about.Organise your ideas by completing notes below.Do more research if necessary.Now write an intr
27、oduction to the war hero you chose.Activity 6Activity 7Make improvements to each others writings and share them with the class.Developing ideas新标准新标准英语英语高中选择性必修第三册高中选择性必修第三册联大:一个充满热情、信念和奉献的地方 1 Throughout history,the great thinkers of the world have often rather romantically referred to their academ
28、ic struggles as being like war”.However,for most of them,the“war has been purely symbolic.Real war is never romantic as it brings suffering and imense challnges.纵观历史，世界上伟大的思想家们常常以一种浪漫的说法把他们的学术之争比喻为“战争”。然而，对他们中的大多数人来说，“战争”一词纯粹是象征性的。真正的战争从来不是浪漫的，因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战。2 In 1937，the aggression of the Japanese
29、army brought disaster to Chinas three great universities:Peking University and Tsinghua University were occupied by Japanese troops,while Nankai University was completely destroyed by bombing.To save their educational and intellctual heritage,the three universities joined together in Kunming as Nati
30、onal Southwest Associated University,otherwise known as Lianda.1937年，日军的侵略给中国三所著名大学带来了灾难:北京大学和清华大学被日本军队占领，南开大学被彻底炸毁。为了保护教育和知识遗产，这三所大学在昆明联合成立了国立西南联合大学，简称联大。3 Professors and students alike in the three universities made an epic journey over a distance of more than 2,000 kilometres,most of them on foot
31、.Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky,often lit up by exploding Japanese bombs.Conditions were litle better once.they reached the remote and mountainous soutl-west part of China.They had to live in rough buildings,packed 40 to a room,like sardines.There were dire shortages of
32、 food,books,and equipment.Furthermore,classes were frequently disrupted due to fierce air attacks and often had to be held before 10 am and after 4 pm.这三所大学的教授和学生们完成了一场2,000多千米的漫长而艰辛的行程，他们中的大部分人都是徒步完成的。他们以尘土飞扬的道路为床，以开阔的、经常被日军的炸弹照亮的天空为屋顶。到了中国西南部的偏远山区后，情况也没有好多少。他们不得不住在简陋的房子里，40个人像沙丁鱼一样挤在一间屋子里，食物、书籍和设备
33、严重短缺。此外，由于猛烈的空袭，课堂经常中断，因此上课时间往往在.上午10点前和下午4点后。4 However,despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges,it was right in this place,over a period of eight long years,that the nations itellctual heritage was not only guarded but frtified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of L
34、ianda.It is no wonder that many,if not most,of Chinas leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda,induding the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists,Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.Lianda laid the foundation for every achievement I have made,Yang recalled.He still remembers learming in a temporary
35、classroom that had no glass in the windows.“On windy days,we had to hold down the paper on the dssk,which would otherwise be blown away,he said.然而，尽管面临着巨大的困难和艰巨的挑战，在这个地方，经过八年漫长的岁月，国家的知识遗产不仅得到了保护，还得到了强化，这些都归功于联大杰出学者们的热情和信念。难怪即使不是大多数，但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身，包括两位诺贝尔奖得主,物理学家杨振宁和李政道。“联大为我所取得的每项成就奠定了基础。”杨振
36、宁回忆道。他还记得在-间窗户没有玻璃的临时教室里学习。“在刮风的日子里，我们不得不把纸按在桌子上，否则纸就会被风吹走。他说。5 With the country at war,students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty.Driven by a sense of commitment,a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.In fact,Lianda provided the l
37、argest number of student-soldiers from any campus in China.Of the thousands of college students from all over China who served as interpreters,one tenth were from Lianda,including the well-known translators Zha Liangzheng and Xu Yuanchong.Zha later depicted the contributions of his peers in a poem:国
38、家正处于战争状态，联大的学生们不会逃避他们的责任。在献身精神的驱使下，许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者，保卫国家的荣誉。事实上，联大输送的学生士兵数量是中国有校园中最多的。在来自全国各地担任翻译的数千名大学生中，有十分之一的人来自联大，其中包括著名的翻译家查良铮和许渊冲。查良铮后来在一首诗中描述了他的同龄人所做的贡献:5 Softly,on the billsidle forgotten by all,A misty rain falls in a gentle breeze;There is no trace of the footprints of bistory;Where brave sonl
39、s once stood,breathing rete life into the trees.静静的，在那较遗忘的山坡上,还下者密雨，还吹着细风，没有人知道历史曾在此走过,留下了英灵化入树于而滋生。6 A product of the war,Lianda is now physically gone.But it has become the crowning glory of Chimas modern universities,not only because of its prominent professors and talented students,but also beca
40、use of the schools strong spirit of perseverance and dedication.In 2017,representatives from Peking University,Tsinghua University,Nankai University and Yunnan Normal University gathered to commemorate the 80th anniversary of its founding.作为战争的产物，联大现在已经不复存在。但它已经成为了中国现代大学的最高荣耀，这不仅仅是因为那些杰出的教授和才华横溢的学生，
41、也因为联大坚韧不拔和勇于奉献的精神。2017年，北京大学、清华大学、南开大学和云南师范大学的代表们齐聚一堂，共同纪念联大建校80周年。7 More than cighty years on,the priceless contribution of Lianda still needs to be reaffirmed.It has become part of the collective memory of the Chinese nation,with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern er.尽管已经历经80多年，联大做出的无价贡献仍值得重申。它已成为中华民族集体记忆的一部分，联大精神更是描绘了现代中国所有大学的蓝图。
