1、【版本：外研册别：选择性必修一】【版本：外研册别：选择性必修一】ContentsLanguage pointsPost-readingCareful readingFast readingPre-readingHomeworkIIIIIIIVVVIIPre-reading human zebra tortoise fishcrab snailfernmossearthwormparameciumalgaeEvolutionary treebirdfrog The ever-changing environment of nature;population immigration;genetic
2、 mutation(基因突变);cultural preferences.Charles DarwinIf a friend of you is curious about evolution,which famous person do you recommend him to know about?Charles Darwin and his Theory of EvolutionCharles Darwin(1809 1882)was an English geologist and naturalist.In his famous book On the Origin of Speci
3、es,Darwin proposed the theory that organisms(individual life forms)evolve extremely slowly.He stated that the organisms that were better suited to their environment would survive and pass on their favourable characteristics to the next generation,while the less suitable organisms would gradually die
4、 out.He called this process“natural selection”.Charles Darwin and Theory of EvolutionTurn to P50 and step on Darwins journey of discovery!Whats the story behind Darwins discovery of Theory of Evolution?IIFast reading1.Look at the picture and the passage title,how do you understand the title?Darwins
5、research work leading to his discovery of evolutiongenerally:a trip from oneplace to another placeliterarily:the process by which something gradually developsHe left England on the ship,the Beagle,in 1831.2.Read the passage and find out about the type of writing.A narrative in time orderWhen the Bea
6、gle reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835,Darwin saw a variety of new species,)A.Darwins interest in various living things made him a great naturalist.B.Darwins journey on the Beagle inspired his Theory of Evolution.C.Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evolved over time.3
7、.Choose the main idea of the passage and give your reasons.IIICareful readingPara.1The captain of the ship,theBeagle,wanted someone who would“profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”.The person who answered the call was not the captains first choice.It was a young ma
8、n who had left medical school without completing his degree.Whats more,he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be“a disgrace to yourself and all your family”.Despite all this,his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries
9、 of all time.Read to answer the questions:2.Whats the function of“Despite all this”?1.Why wasnt Darwin the captains first choice?3.Whats the role of Para.1 in picturing(描绘)Darwins discovery?Para.1The captain of the ship,theBeagle,wanted someone who would“profit by the opportunity of visiting distant
10、 countries yet little known”.The person who answered the call was not the captains first choice.It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree.Whats more,he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be“a disgrace to yourself and all your fa
11、mily”.Despite all this,his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.Read to answer the questions:1.Why wasnt Darwin the captains first choice?Possibly,he would be considered to have poor academic ability and lack determination and self-discip
12、line.Little understanding,expectation or recognition from familypoor family relationship.Para.1The captain of the ship,theBeagle,wanted someone who would“profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”.The person who answered the call was not the captains first choice.It wa
13、s a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree.Whats more,he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be“a disgrace to yourself and all your family”.Despite all this,his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific
14、 discoveries of all time.Read to answer the questions:2.Whats the function of“Despite all this”?“Despite all this”suggests that what to follow is of greater significance than what has been mentioned:the sentence to come is what the author truly wants to emphasize.Para.1The captain of the ship,theBea
15、gle,wanted someone who would“profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”.The person who answered the call was not the captains first choice.It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree.Whats more,he had recently received a letter from his
16、 father predicting that he would be“a disgrace to yourself and all your family”.Despite all this,his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.Read to answer the questions:3.Whats the role of Para.1 in picturing(描绘)Darwins discovery?It sets th
17、e background of Darwins journey of discovery.Para.2The young man in question,Charles Darwin,was a geologist and naturalist,fascinated by rocks,plants and animals.He left England on the ship,the Beagle,in 1831.The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environment
18、s.After Darwin had spent some time in South America,his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.As he studied these,he asked himself the question:how did different species come to exist?Read to answer the questions:1.What role did the ship Beagle play in
19、Darwins journey of discovery?The journey on Beagle gave Darwin the chance to study various living things in their natural environments.2.What contribute(s)to Darwins asking himself this question?He had always been fascinated by plants and animals.Studying the samples of the plants and animals in Sou
20、th America was the direct contributing factor.Para.3At that time,people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time,and had not changed since.But Darwin began to think differently.He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other.Maybe animals evolved as th
21、ey adapted to their changing environments?It was just an idea,but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence.well-believed viewpoint thenWhat qualities of Darwin can you conclude from this paragraph？daring to question instead of following blindlyobservant(善于观察的善于观察的)innovative thinking and p
22、ioneering spiritspirit of scientific explorationRead to fill out the table and answer the question:phenomenon inspiring Darwin idea Darwin generatedPara.4When the Beagle reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835,Darwin saw a variety of new species,but it was the birds that interested him the most.Darwin
23、 noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands.It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.Read to answer the questions:1.What made Darwin do this guess?Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common a
24、ncestor,which had arrived on the islands a long time before.Over time,it had slowly evolved into many new species.And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist:they evolved from earlier ancestors.Para.52.Which sentence of previous paragraphs does the underlined sente
25、nce echo(呼应)?The last sentence of Para.2:he asked himself the question:how did different species come to exist?Para.6It was a completely new ideaa theory of evolution.Darwin explained this theory in his book,OntheOriginofSpecies.It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm.Many peo
26、ple refused to believe that living things,including humans,had evolved from lower forms of life.They were shocked.But Darwins scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.Read to answer the questions:2.What is the effect of describing the change of pe
27、oples reactions to Darwins theory?By describing the change,the scientific essence(本质)of Darwins theory is proved from another angle(角度),which is more objective and even more powerful than stating directly how scientific the theory is.1.What were peoples reactions to Darwins theory?Para.7Today,OntheO
28、riginofSpecies is regarded as one of the most important works ever written.It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.And it all began with the journey on the Beagle.Read to answer the questions:1.What are the two things of significance in this paragraph?2.How does the author show the importan
29、ce of Darwins journey on the Beagle?By highly recognizing the significance of OntheOriginofSpecies the“fruit”(成果)of this journey,the importance of the journey is obvious without being pointed out directly.Para.7:Significance of On the Origin of Species and Darwins contribution to the world.Para.2&3:
30、Darwin generated ideas.Para.5:He developed his ideas.Para.6:Darwin published On the Origin of Species,where he explained theory of evolution.A journey of DiscoveryPara.1:Background information of Darwins journeyPara.4:He collected evidence.During his journeyBefore his journey After his journey12345P
31、52 On his journeylDarwin studied 1_.lHe noticed that some species of animals were 2_.various living things in their natural environments and samples of the plants and animals he had collectedvery similar to each otherGenerate ideasDarwin asked the questions:How did different species 3_?4_ _ _come to
32、 existMaybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments?Look for more evidenceOn the Galapagos Islands:He noticed 5_ _ _.It seemed the beaks 6_ _ _ _.that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islandsDevelop ideasDarwin suspected that the finches 7_ and it had
33、8_.had evolved from a common ancestor,which had arrived on the islands a long time before slowly evolved into many new species had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island Propose a theoryThe Theory of Evolution:living things,including humans,9_.had evolved from lower f
34、orms of lifeDarwins journey aboard the BeagleDarwin on the Galapagos Islands At that time,people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time and had not changed since,but Darwins theory proposed that living things,including humans,had evolved from lower forms of life,which,as a
35、result,shocked many people.1.Why were many people“shocked”by Darwins theory?2.What kind of person was Darwin according to the passage?Darwin was a determined man.He had strong curiosity and interest in science and was good at thinking and making discoveries.3.Why didnt Darwin publish his Theory of E
36、volution until 1859,about twenty years after his discovery?Do further research if necessary.IVPost-reading Charles Darwin was a geologist and naturalist,fascinated by rocks,plants and animals.He left England on the ship,the Beagle,in 1831.The journey gave him the chance 1_(study)various living thing
37、s in their natural environments.He noticed that some species of animals were very similar 2_ each other.At that time,people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time,and 3_(change)since.But Darwin began to think differently.When the ship reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835,i
38、t 4_(be)the birds that interested him the most.He suspected that those different 5_(finch)had evolved from a common ancestor,6_ had arrived on the islands a long time before.to study to had not changed wasfincheswhich It was a 7_(complete)new idea a theory of evolution.Darwin explained this theory i
39、n his book,On the Origin of Species.Many people refused to believe that living things,8_(include)humans,had evolved from lower forms of life.But Darwins scientific studies were so convincing 9_ more and more people started to believe his theory.Today,the book is regarded as one of the most important
40、 works ever 10_(write).completelyincludingthatwritten1.How do you think the human species will evolve in the future?2.What have you learnt about the spirit of scientific exploration?How can this spirit help you in your life and studies?VLanguage points 1)He has tried to adapt to local customs.2)This
41、 new film is said to be adapted from a classic novel.3)She knew how to adapt herself to the new environment.1.adapt v 适应；调整，使适合；改编Important words adapt to sth 适应 adapt oneself to sth 使某人适应 be adapted from 根据改编 2.suspect vt 认为，怀疑 n 嫌疑犯 suspect sb of doing sth 怀疑某人做某事 suspect sb to be 怀疑某人是 be suspect
42、ed of 涉嫌Important words 1)1)他们怀疑他泄露了国家机密。他们怀疑他泄露了国家机密。2)2)我猜想他就是那个扒手。我猜想他就是那个扒手。3)3)他被怀疑做什么事都是为了钱。他被怀疑做什么事都是为了钱。They suspected him of betraying state secrets.Isuspect him to be the pickpocket.He is suspected of doing everything for money.Important words 3.convincing adj 令人信服的，有说服力的 be convinced of 相
43、信 convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事 convince sb of sth 使某人相信Important words 1)1)我觉得她的话很有说服力。我觉得她的话很有说服力。2)2)我相信他是诚实的。我相信他是诚实的。3)3)你怎样说服别人帮我们？你怎样说服别人帮我们？4)4)他使我们相信了他的清白。他使我们相信了他的清白。She sounded very convincing to me.I am convinced of his honesty.How do you convince someone to help us?He convinced us of hi
44、s innocence.Important wordsanswer the call be a disgrace of all time in question be crowded with come to exist a variety of according to suspect sb of doing sth be shockedbe similar to响应号召响应号召是耻辱是耻辱 /丢脸的事丢脸的事有史以来；一直以来有史以来；一直以来讨论中的；所说的讨论中的；所说的 /有疑问；不确定有疑问；不确定挤满了挤满了开始存在开始存在Important phrases种类繁多的；各种各样的
45、据（据（所说）；依照；根据所说）；依照；根据 怀疑某人做某事很吃惊和和相似相似1.Whats more,he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be“a disgrace to yourself and all your family”.Important sentencesParaphrase:Besides,he had received a letter from his father,in which his father said that he would not only
46、 make himself but also the whole family feel ashamed.predicting 在这作定语，解释说明前面名词 letter 的内容。He received a letter saying that his application had been rejected.他收到一封信，信上说他的申请被拒了。a disgrace to 是固定搭配，意为 to have a very bad effect on the opinion that people have of your family or the group that you belong
47、to。2.Darwin saw a variety of new species,but it was the birds that interested him the most.Our school provides a variety of/various after-class activities for the students.我们学校为学生提供多种多样的课外活动。Important sentences a variety of 意为“各种各样的”。various 是 variety 的形容词形 式，表 different kinds of 之意时，a variety of 和
48、various 可互换。Paraphrase:Among all different kinds of species he saw,Darwin was most interested in the birds.2.Darwin saw a variety of new species,but it was the birds that interested him the most.Important sentencesIt was on the ship,the Beagle,that Darwin studied a variety of species.达尔文 就是在名为 the B
49、eagle 的船上对多种物种进行了研究。强调句基本结构：It is/was.that/who.强调句3.It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm.Important sentencesParaphrase:The newspaper is in its declining years.They dont care；they quite like to cause a storm.这家报纸正在走下坡路，他们豁出去了，一心只想制造轰动。这家报纸正在走下坡路，他们豁出去了，一心只想制造轰动。cause a storm
50、本意“引起风暴”。这里取引申义，即“引起轰动”。Only in 1859 did the book come out and at once it caused a great sensation.4.But Darwins scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.Important sentencesParaphrase:His scientific studies provided strong evidence so that a growi
