1、Grammar 2词语搭配(1)读下面的例句并分析加黑短语的构成及用法。1On Christmas Eve，Granny took a seat by the fire.2I remember Granny sitting on my bed and singing softly until I fell asleep.3A few weeks after that Christmas，Granny passed away.4Its not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind.5Success calls for hard wor
2、k.【自主发现】动词短语是由动词与_、_或介词结合在一起而组成的。有些动词短语相当于_，后面可以跟宾语；有些则相当于不及物动词，后面不能跟宾语。名词副词及物动词一、含义一些动词常与名词、副词、介词搭配构成固定的动词词组，表达固定的词义，其作用相当于一个动词，我们将其称为动词短语。在动词短语中，从短语本身的动词及小品词很难推断出短语的意思。例如：你认识call，也认识for，但call for表示“需要”你不一定知道。这就需要我们在日常的阅读中多积累，遇到动词短语记下来，课下多写多背多练习。二、类型及用法1动词名词take a seat就座catch ones eye 吸引某人的注意力lose
3、heart 失去信心make an effort 努力take a chance 冒险have a rest 休息一下take effect 生效He took a seat by the window.他在窗子旁坐了下来。The children made an effort to reach the red apple on the tree.孩子们努力地去够树上的红苹果。名师指津这类动词短语中，动词为及物动词，后面的名词是动词的动作所涉及的对象。完成句子Victor is a man who never _.维克多是一个从不失去信心的人。Im afraid _ with beginner
4、s.我害怕和新手一起冒险。The traffic laws dont _until the end of the year.交通法要到年底才生效。loses heartto take a chancetake effect2动词介词break into破门而入believe in 信任begin with 以开始come across/run into 偶然碰到depend on 依靠see to 处理look into 调查set about 着手做agree with 同意，适合go after 追逐Im so glad youve come here to see to this mat
5、ter in person.我很高兴你亲自来这里处理此事。You look well.The air and the sea foods in Sanya must agree with you，I suppose.你气色很好，我想三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你。I ran into an old friend in the street.我在街上偶遇了一位老朋友。The police went after the escaped criminal，but he went away.警察追捕那个逃跑的罪犯，但他还是逃走了。名师指津这类动词短语均相当于及物动词，其宾语不管是名词、代词，还是动名词，都
6、只能放在介词之后。完成句子Although the young man has graduated from university，he still _.虽然这个年轻人已经大学毕业了，但他还是依靠父母。At the airport，I _.在飞机场，我偶遇了一位老朋友。The moment the expert arrived in the hospital，he _ on the driver.专家一到医院便着手为那个司机做手术。depends on his parentscame across/ran into an old friendset about doing the operat
7、ion3动词副词break down坏掉；分解；垮下来break up 打碎；分解；分手cut down 砍倒；削减get over 克服set off 出发；使爆炸look up 向上看put away 收起；储存put off 推迟pay off (付清工资后)解雇；取得成功；奏效；付清债务take over 接管turn out 结果是，证明是turn down 拒绝；把音量开小work out 解出；进展顺利；锻炼身体Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.无线网络在灾难中瘫痪
8、的时候，老式电话起到重要作用。Traditionally，college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life journey.传统上，大学生在开始他们的人生旅途之前会举行毕业典礼来鼓励自己。We have decided to put it off.我们决定将它推迟。名师指津这类动词短语相当于及物动词，后面接宾语；若宾语是名词，可以放在动词和副词的中间，也可以放在副词的后面；若宾语是代词，要放在动词与副词的中间。但有些“动词副词”短语相当于不及
9、物动词，后面不接宾语。单句语法填空Who will take _ the company after the manager retires?Although it is not easy to deal with the difficulty，we will manage to get it _It took the couple more than ten years to pay _ their debt.overoveroff4动词副词介词add up to结果是；总共break away from 挣脱；脱离catch up with 赶上；达到go in for 从事；参加put
10、up with 忍受；容忍get on with 与相处；进展look forward to 盼望get down to 着手做come up with 想出，提出make up for 弥补keep up with 与保持联系A good speaker is supposed to manage to get across to the listeners what he means.一个好的演讲者应该设法让听众明白他所表达的含义。Caroline doesnt have a gift for music，but she makes up for it with hard work.卡罗兰
11、没有音乐天赋，但是她通过刻苦练习来弥补自己的不足。Dont look down on that kind of work.不要看不起那种工作。We are looking forward to her arrival.我们盼望着她的到来。名师指津这类动词短语均相当于及物动词，宾语必须放在介词之后。完成句子How are you _？你与新同学相处得怎么样？How can you _outside while doing your homework?当你做作业时，你是怎么忍受外面如此大的噪音的？getting along with your new classmatesput up with t
12、he big noise5动词名词介词get hold of抓住catch sight of 看见；发现make use of 利用pay attention to 注意take the place of 代替take part in 参加take pride in 为自豪take advantage of 利用make room for 为腾出空间James took the magazines off the little table to make room for the television.为给电视机腾出空间，詹姆斯把杂志从这张小桌子上拿走了。The school isnt the
13、 one I really want to go to，but I suppose Ill just have to make good use of it.这所学校并不是我真正想去的学校，但既然来了，我还是想充分利用它。名师指津这类动词短语相当于及物动词，宾语必须放在介词之后。完成句子Our teacher advised us to _老师建议我们注意拼写。His school _in math.他的学校为他在数学上取得的成就而自豪。pay attention to our spellingtakes pride in his great achievement.单句语法填空1The ca
14、r broke _ on our way home，so we had to have it repaired.2This is a cute cat.Where did you pick it _？3We have just moved into a bigger house and theres a lot to do.Lets get down _ it.4My mother opened the drawer and put _ the knives and spoons.5Jenny was looking for a seat when luckily a man got _ an
15、d left.downuptoawayup.语法与写作完成句子1The doctor advised the old man _ to keep healthy.医生建议这位老人少喝点酒以保持健康。2We will have to find means to _.我们必须想方设法克服困难。to cut down on his drinkingget over the difficulties3How could you _when you have been out of work for months?你怎么能在失业了好几个月的这个时候拒绝这么好的工作呢？4Ive been trying t
16、o phone Charles all evening，_ 整个晚上我都一直在努力给查尔斯打电话，但电话打不通。5It was our monitor that _.是我们班长想出了这个好主意。turn down such a wonderful jobbut I cant get throughcame up with the good idea.语法填空Tom went to the seaside to spend his holiday last summer with his family.One day,he 1._(swim)in the sea when someone sho
17、uted,“Look out,there is 2._ shark not far away！”Hearing the shout,Tom was scared to death because he was 3._(frighten)of its dangerous characteristic.“Dont worry,Tom！”his father said,“But wed better go back to our hotel in order to avoid 4._(harm)”was swimmingafrightenedbeing harmedThey 5._(stay)at
18、the seaside for several weeks.Though the weather was much 6._(hot),Tom got used to it.Every morning,he got up earlier than his parents and went for breakfast ahead of time.Then he went to have a chat 7._ his new friend,Jack.Not only was Jack familiar with the seaside,but he was also a man with good qualification.They became very good 8._(friend)soon.After parting,they kept 9._(write)to each other.Now,Tom still often hears from Jack.They talked in their letters about things and persons 10._ they remembered at the seaside.stayedhotterwithfriendswritingthat
