1、CelebrationsUnit 3Lesson 1-(2)Part 1Lead inWhat are the texts talking about we learnt last class?Lead inWhat does Spring Festival mean to you?Lead inShow time!Lead inPart 2Reading comprehensionLets read again!Read and thinkRead and thinkLets read again!Read and thinkLets read again!Next,the Chinese
2、character Fu was attached upside down to our front door.attach sth.to.把某物链接到attach importance/significance to.重视；认为重要/有意义/有价值attached 附属于；为工作；依恋；爱慕be attached to.被链接到；爱慕an attached school 附属学校接着，汉字“福”被倒着贴在门上。Useful expressionsFireworks were being let off across the city.let out 放出；泄露let sb down 使某人失
3、望let in 让进来，放进let alone 更不用说，更谈不上let.alone 不打扰，不惊动烟花在城市上空燃放。Useful expressionsMrs Chen said that it was to scare away the monster Nian.scared adj.惊恐的，担惊受怕的be scared of doing.不敢做be scared to do 害怕做be scared that.害怕scare sb away/off 把某人吓跑/吓退scare of into doing sth.恐吓某人做某事陈女士说这是为了吓走“年”兽。Useful expressi
4、onsEvery year,the moment I get on the train,I am surrounded by Shanxi accentsand I know that I am heading home to my family.surround sb/sth with.使包围某人/某物be surrounded by/with.被包围/环绕surround+反身代词+with.喜欢结交某类人；喜欢身边总有某类东西surrounding adj.周围的，附近的surroundings n.周围的事物；环境；气氛每年，一坐上火车，就会被陕西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。U
5、seful expressionsI usually start planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival,as train tickets of flights have to be booked as early as possible.as conj.,表示原因。意为“因为”。通常春节前数周我就开始计划会山西的旅程，因为要尽早订火车票或飞机票。Useful expressionsI usually start planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Sprin
6、g Festival,as train tickets of flights have to be booked as early as possible.Useful expressionsI usually start planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival,as train tickets of flights have to be booked as early as possible.Useful expressionsI usually start planning my trip home to S
7、hanxi weeks before Spring Festival,as train tickets of flights have to be booked as early as possible.Useful expressionsEvery year,the momnet I get on the train,I am surrounded by Shanxi accentsand I know that I am heading home to my family.the moment I get on the train 是the moment引导的时间状语从句，the mome
8、nt表示“一就”。每年一坐上火车，就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。Useful expressionsEvery year,the momnet I get on the train,I am surrounded by Shanxi accentsand I know that I am heading home to my family.Useful expressionsPracticeComplete the information with the words or phrases you have learnt.swept awaycharacterupside do
9、wnflightssurroundedaccentsentirefilled him inattachedretiredbuzzes spiritThe PassiveFocus on language动词的语态！Focus on language1动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态表示主语是谓语动词的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词的承受者。2被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。其后的实义动词必须为及物动词，或“动词介词”构成的及物动词短语。现以及物动词ask为例，其各种时态形式的被
10、动结构如下表所示Focus on language现以及物动词ask为例，其各种时态形式的被动结构如下表所示Focus on language被动语态的用法被动语态的用法在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况中：中：(1)(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。不知道动作的执行者是谁。This watch is made in China.This watch is made in China.(2)(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。More trees must be planted every ye
11、ar.More trees must be planted every year.Focus on language被动语态的用法被动语态的用法Focus on language(3)(3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者。需要强调或突出动作的承受者。Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.world.(4)(4)句子的主语是动作的承受者。句子的主语是动作的承受者。Many houses were washed away in the
12、 flood.Many houses were washed away in the flood.主动语态和被动语态的转换主动语态和被动语态的转换Focus on language(1)(1)主动语态变为被动语态。主动语态变为被动语态。要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分，若要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。把主动句中的主语变成被动句中的宾语，将主格变成宾把主动句中的主语变成被动句中的宾语，将主格变成宾格，并由格，并由byby引导。引导。谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。谓语动词变成相应的被
13、动形式。主动语态：动作执行者谓语动词主动形式动作承受者主动语态：动作执行者谓语动词主动形式动作承受者被动语态：动作承受者谓语动词被动形式动作执行者被动语态：动作承受者谓语动词被动形式动作执行者主动语态和被动语态的转换主动语态和被动语态的转换Focus on languageWe asked him to sing an English song.(We asked him to sing an English song.(变为被动语态变为被动语态)He was asked to sing an English song by us.He was asked to sing an English
14、 song by us.主动语态和被动语态的转换主动语态和被动语态的转换Focus on language(2)(2)带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态。带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态。谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语转化成主语，也谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转化成主语。若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保可以将直接宾语转化成主语。若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化成主语则保留间接宾语，且在留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化成主语则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词被保留的间接宾语前加上介词toto或或forfor。主动语态和被动语态的转换
15、主动语态和被动语态的转换Focus on languageShe gave me a book.(She gave me a book.(变为被动语态变为被动语态)I was given a book.(I was given a book.(间接宾语间接宾语meme改为主语改为主语)A book was given to me.(A book was given to me.(直接宾语直接宾语a booka book改为主语改为主语)主动语态和被动语态的转换主动语态和被动语态的转换Focus on language(3)(3)短语动词变为被动语态。短语动词变为被动语态。许多由不及物动词和介词
16、、副词构成的短语动词，相当于许多由不及物动词和介词、副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态。但是短语动词是及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态。但是短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。动词的介词或副词。We should speak to old men politely.(We should speak to old men politely.(变为被动语态变为被动语态)Old men should be spoken to politely.(toOld men
17、should be spoken to politely.(to不可省略不可省略)主动语态和被动语态的转换主动语态和被动语态的转换Focus on language(4)(4)带复合宾语的动词变为被动语态。带复合宾语的动词变为被动语态。宾语加上宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。变被动语态时，宾语加上宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。变被动语态时，只把宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语保留在原处，成为主只把宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语保留在原处，成为主语补足语。语补足语。I heard Jane playing the piano in her room.(I heard Jane playing the
18、 piano in her room.(变为被变为被动语态动语态)Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.)Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.主动语态和被动语态的转换主动语态和被动语态的转换Focus on language(5)(5)被动语态后动词形式的选择被动语态后动词形式的选择主动句中在感官动词主动句中在感官动词seesee，hearhear，watchwatch，feelfeel，noticenotice等等及使役动词及使役动词letlet，makemake，havehave等后跟
19、省略等后跟省略toto的不定式，变为被的不定式，变为被动句时应加上不定式符号动句时应加上不定式符号toto。He makes the girl stay at home.(He makes the girl stay at home.(变为被动语态变为被动语态)The girl The girl isis made made toto stay at home.stay at home.主动结构表被动意义主动结构表被动意义Focus on languageopenopen，locklock，writewrite，readread，sellsell，cleanclean，washwash，cut
20、cut，burnburn，drivedrive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。动语态表被动意义。This kind of shirt sells well here.This kind of shirt sells well here.这种样式的衬衫在这里很好卖。这种样式的衬衫在这里很好卖。主动结构表被动意义主动结构表被动意义Focus on languagelooklook，soundsound，tastetaste，smellsmell等系动词用主动结构表被动等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。意义。Moon cakes ta
21、ste delicious.Moon cakes taste delicious.月饼尝起来味道很好。月饼尝起来味道很好。主动结构表被动意义主动结构表被动意义Focus on language在在 be worth doing be worth doing 中中 doingdoing表被动意义。表被动意义。This book is worth reading.This book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。这本书值得一读。want/need/requirewant/need/requiredoingdoing相当于相当于want/need/requirewant/need
22、/requireto be doneto be done。to be done to be done 表示不定式的被动结构。表示不定式的被动结构。My bike needs repairing.My bike needs repairing.My bike needs to be repaired.My bike needs to be repaired.我的自行车需要修理。我的自行车需要修理。PracticeHighlight the structure of passive voice in these sentences.Underline more examples in the te
23、xts.Choose a proper option for each situation.Explain why.PracticeRead the news report.Rewrite the underlined sections in passive voice.PracticeLets check!PracticeTens of thousands of visitors are attracted by the Lantern Show in Datong,a historic city in northern China during the Spring Festival ho
24、liday.Lets check!PracticeTraditional lantern with ice lanterns are mixed by people to create a special and happy atmosphere.Lets check!PracticeLast year,the ancient walls are rebuilt by the government.This year,the Lantern Show is organised by the government under the ancient walls for the first tim
25、e.Lets check!PracticeMore people are expected by them to visit in the coming days.Express yourselfWhere and with whom did you spend the last Spring Festival?What preparations did you make?What activities did you do?How do you feel about it?Express yourselfCompare among group members the different experiences and feeling about the last Spring Festival.Then report to the class.Part 3HomeworkRecite the key words and expressions.Rewrite the sentences in passive voive.Homework
