1、单单词词课课堂堂A word is a microcosm of human consciousness.Vygotsky版本：版本：新北师新北师单元：选择性必修单元：选择性必修一一 Unit 1(LESSON 3)本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.socialisesocial+-ise(使)2.laptoplap+top3.constantly 构词法：constant constantly4.appapplication 的缩略词，注意发音，不要读成APP5.dormdormitory 的缩略词6.flow一词多义，基本义：流动7.associateas-(加强)+socia(联系)+-a
2、te(表示动词)把联系起来词块：associate with8.barely近义词：hardly,only just9.realityreal+-ity；词块：in reality词族：real,realization,realize,realistic,reality,really,unreal,unrealistic10.million词块：millions of；拓展 billion11.deadlinedead+line12.desperatede-(without 没有)+sper(hope 希望)+-ate 没有希望的一词多义，基本义：绝望的13.intense同义词：extrem
3、e14.depressedde-(向下)+press(压)+-ed 沮丧的(分词形容词)词族：depress,depressed,depressing,depression,depressive15.delay词块：delay doing sth,without delay16.chatterchatter 是模仿鸟鸣声构成的拟声词，可以表示动物（如鸟、猴、松鼠等）的叫声和物体（如牙齿、机器等）发出的声音，也表示“喋喋不休”。词块：chatter away17.extraordinary extra-(超过)+ordinary(常规的)超出常规的 异乎寻常的、非凡的；同源词：ordinary1
4、8.rude近义词：impolite反义词：polite句式：its rude(of sb)to do sth,be rude to plaincom-(表示强调)+plain(to strike,beat the breast)击打、捶胸顿足 抱怨词块：complain(to sb)about/of/that从句派生词：complaint 20.appointment appoint：a-(to 到)+point(指、点)指定时间、指定某人到某岗位 约定；任命词族：appoint,appointment,disappoint,disappointed,disappointing,disapp
5、ointment21.alcoholicalcohol+-ic重重难难点点词词精精讲讲associate熟词生义熟词生义delay搭配义搭配义complain隐喻隐喻desperate一词多义一词多义分词形容词分词形容词depress&depressed一词多义一词多义搭配义搭配义flowappointment一词多义一词多义一词多义一词多义flowMan struggles upwards;water flows downwards.The person who has no personality always goes with the flow.Only dead fish follo
6、w the flow.（液体、气体、电等液体、气体、电等）流动；流出流动；流出：Its here that the river flows down into the ocean.比喻人或事物像水一样比喻人或事物像水一样 流逝；流畅；流淌：流逝；流畅；流淌：Time flows away.Her hair flowed down over her shoulders.Trucks and cars flowed along the highway.n C&U 流；流动：流；流动：a flow of people/cars free flow of informationflow vi 液体、气
7、体、电等“流动流动”由具体到抽象比喻人或事物像水一样“流动流动”（液体、气体、电等）流动；流出（比喻人或事物像水一样）流逝；流畅；流淌flow 语义网络图语义网络图流动、流出流动、流出flow基本义基本义根据汉语，写出单词的正确形式。根据汉语，写出单词的正确形式。I always _（把联系起来）her with roses.associate/associate connect重点词块：重点词块：connect/associate sb/sth with sb/sth vi 交往；结交交往；结交 to spend time with sb,especially sb that other p
8、eople disapprove of：I dont like you associating with such people.associate v vt 把把联想联想/联系起来联系起来 to connect sb or sth in your mind with sb or sth else：I associate Switzerland with the Alps.We tend to associate fresh air with health care.2019 全国as-(加强)+socia(联系)+-ate(表示动词)把联系起来 n C 同事同事 (colleague)；（；
9、（生意）伙伴：生意）伙伴：business associates adj 副的副的 having fewer rights in a particular profession or organization：an associate editor/professor associated adj 有关的；相关的；有联系的；联合的：有关的；相关的；有联系的；联合的：Some people say that classical music is associated only with old people.2014 安徽【拓展词汇拓展词汇】association n C 协会；联盟；社团：协会
10、；联盟；社团：the National Basketball Association(NBA)C&U（与人或团体的）关联；交往：（与人或团体的）关联；交往：His English improved rapidly because of his association with British people.We are working in association with a local company to raise money for the homeless.C 联系；联想：联系；联想：There is a proven association between passive smo
11、kingand cancer.associate&association 语义网络图语义网络图在脑海中在脑海中“联联合合”人或物人或物“联合联合”人际人际关系关系把把联想联想 /联系起来联系起来交往；结交交往；结交associate联合联合（基本义）（基本义）协会；联盟；社协会；联盟；社团团（与人或团体的）（与人或团体的）关联；交往关联；交往联系；联想联系；联想associateassociationdesperate adj 绝望的；危急的绝望的；危急的：I was so desperate on hearing that.2008 湖北 不顾一切的；铤而走险的；孤注一掷的：不顾一切的；铤而
12、走险的；孤注一掷的：a desperate attempt Doctors were fighting a desperate battle to save the little girls life.极度渴望的；极需要的：极度渴望的；极需要的：The man lost in the desert was desperate for water.词汇拓展词汇拓展 desperately adv 绝望地；非常绝望地；非常from de-（without 没有）+sper（hope 希望）+-ate“没有希望的”，其基本义即为“绝望的”。desperate词源解读词源解读因因“绝望绝望”所以不顾一
13、切所以不顾一切想摆脱想摆脱“绝望的绝望的”困境而极需某物困境而极需某物看图猜词义看图猜词义depress将（某物）压下；推下；拉下将（某物）压下；推下；拉下depress&depressed正式用语将（某物）压下；推下；拉下正式用语将（某物）压下；推下；拉下：depress a button 使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉:Rainy weather always depresses me.使萧条；削弱：使萧条；削弱：Several factors combined to depress the housing market.depress vt from de-（down 向下
14、）+press（按；压），基本义为“下压”。depress 词源词源词族词族：depress,depressed,depressing,depression,depressivedepress 语义网络图语义网络图下压下压depress（基本义）（基本义）“下压下压”物体物体“下压下压”情绪情绪将（某物）压下；将（某物）压下；推下；拉下推下；拉下使抑郁；使沮丧；使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉使消沉“下压下压”经济经济 使萧条；削弱使萧条；削弱词汇拓展词汇拓展 depressed adj 抑郁的；沮丧的抑郁的；沮丧的 very unhappy,often for a long period of tim
15、e：Dont get depressed about the spilt milk.depressing adj 令人沮丧的令人沮丧的 depressive adj 患抑郁症的；抑郁的患抑郁症的；抑郁的n C 抑郁症患者抑郁症患者depression n C&U 沮丧；消沉；抑郁（症）沮丧；消沉；抑郁（症）：get into a state of depression C 不景气；萧条期：不景气；萧条期：His family business was ruined in the Great Depression ofthe early 1930s.2011 山东press 词根记词汇词根记词汇
16、pressv 压impress v 盖印；使留下深刻印象盖印；使留下深刻印象 im-向内；向里+press 向内压 盖印 印入头 脑 使留下深刻印象express v 表达表达 ex-向外+press（把想法）向外压 表达depress v 使沮丧使沮丧 de-向下+press（使情绪）向下压 使沮丧pressure n 压力压力 press+-ure 的行为 压的行为结果 压力delay n C&U 耽误；延误；推迟：耽误；延误；推迟：Too many orders on 11th November caused a delay in delivery.After a long delay,
17、the plane finally took off.Please send him the urgent information without delay(=immediately).vi&vt 耽误；延误；推迟耽误；延误；推迟(put off)：Youll lose your chance if you delay.My flight was delayed because of the heavy rain.delay doing sth:He delayed telling her the news,waiting for the right moment.Dont complain
18、 about life,it only shows your incompetence.The strong never complain about life.不要抱怨生活，那只能说明你的无能。强者从来不抱怨生活不要抱怨生活，那只能说明你的无能。强者从来不抱怨生活。阿尔伯特阿尔伯特 爱因斯坦爱因斯坦阿尔伯特爱因斯坦（Albert Einstein,1879 1955）,世界十大杰出物理学家之一，现代物理学的开创者、集大成者和奠基人。作为20世纪犹太裔理论物理学家，爱因斯坦创立了相对论现代物理学的两大支柱之一（另一个是量子力学），其质能方程E=mc2 著称于世，并因为“对理论物理的贡献，特别是
19、发现了光电效应”的规律而获得1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。complaincomplain vi&vt 不用于被动语态不用于被动语态 抱怨；发牢骚：抱怨；发牢骚：“I didnt like that meal at all,”complained the plain(to sb)about/of sth:Ive really got nothing to complain of.We should strictly follow traffic rules rather than complain about traffic jams.2013 江苏书面表达改 complain(to sb)+(t
20、hat)从句从句:Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk.2010 北京complain 词源解读：com-(强调)+plain(to strike,beat the breast)击打、捶胸顿足 抱怨词汇拓展词汇拓展complaint n C&U 抱怨；不满；投诉：抱怨；不满；投诉：a letter of complaint I have no complaint about my pay.Why dont you make a complaint against your noisy neigh
21、bours?In time of difficulty,what we need is not complaint to each other but understanding of each other.C 抱怨抱怨/投诉的事：投诉的事：I have a number of complaints about the hotel room youve given me.appoint vt 指定；约定指定；约定：We appointed a day in June for celebration.Everyone was assembled in the hall at the appoin
22、ted time.任命；委派任命；委派：appoint sb(as)sth:Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.2012 重庆 appoint sb to sth:He has been appointed to the committee.appoint sb to do sth:A nurse was appointed to guard her.2014 浙江改a-(to 到)+point(指，点)指定时间、指定人到某岗位 约定；任命appoint
23、appointment n(appoint+-ment)C 约会；约定；预约：约会；约定；预约：make/keep an appointmentI have an appointment with my dentist at 11:30.She had an appointment to paint her nails.C&U 任命；任职；职位：任命；任职；职位：He holds an appointment in the English Department at present.They congratulated him on his appointment as president.用
24、括号内单词的正确形式填空，体会用括号内单词的正确形式填空，体会。1.After a _(depress)trip,I returned home so _(depress)and spent months in my bedroom painting,listening to music and trying to find myself again.（2017 天津改）2.Its more _(stimulate)for performers to have an audience to play with.3.I find it slightly _(distract)to have so
25、meone watching me while I do homework.I will get _(distract)by it.很多动词的-ed 形式和-ing 形式已经成为独立词条，称作分词形容词。其中有一类分词形容词，如动词的 _ 形式可用来表示人的感受人的感受；动词的 _ 形式则可用来表示人人/物给人带来的感受物给人带来的感受。depressingstimulatingdistracting-ing-eddistracteddepressed 英语中的metaphor（隐喻）来源于希腊语 metaphora，该词由 meta-(over)和 pherein(to carry)合成，合
26、起来意思是 to carry over（拿过来）。因此，隐喻的本质是用一种事物来理解另一种事物，并且多是参照熟悉的、有形的、具体的事物来认识和表达无形的、抽象的事物。隐喻是一种思维方式，无处不在，它是多义词产生词义的主要理据。建立隐喻思维能更好地理解和掌握由基本义到衍生义这一思维。隐喻隐喻 metaphor本单元隐喻典型词本单元隐喻典型词单词基本义比喻义chase 追赶/追逐争取得到flow（河、水）流动（人、车）流动 gap缺口空白；间隔handle拿处理flexible可弯曲的弹性的本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总1.We tend to associate fresh air with he
27、alth care.2019 全国2.We should strictly follow traffic rules rather than complain about traffic jams.2013 江苏书面表达改3.In time of difficulty,what we need is not complaint to each other but understanding of each other.4.I have an appointment with my dentist at 11:30.5.She had an appointment to paint her nails.谢谢谢谢观观赏赏
