1、TimelineFuture presentpastPast perfectPresent ContinuousPast ContinuousPresent Perfect 状态时间一般(do)完成(have done)进行(be doing)完成进行(have been doing)现在一般现在时现在完成时现在进行时现在完成进行时过去一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去完成进行时将来一般将来时将来完成时将来进行时将来完成进行时过去将来过去将来时过去将来完成时过去将来进行时过去将来完成进行时 状态时间一般(do)完成(have done)进行(be doing)完成进行(have been do
2、ing)现在一般现在时do现在完成时have done现在进行时is doing现在完成进行时have been doing过去一般过去时did过去完成时had done过去进行时was doing过去完成进行时had been doing将来一般将来时will do将来完成时will have done将来进行时will be doing将来完成进行时will have been doing过去将来过去将来时would do过去将来完成时would have done过去将来进行时would be doing过去将来完成进行时would have been doing一般现在时一般现在时 a
3、m/is/are+表语表语 动词原形动词原形/第三人称单数第三人称单数 情态动词原形情态动词原形+动词原形动词原形一般现在时主要用于：一般现在时主要用于：客观真理和客观存在的自然现象经常性或习惯性动作表示现在的状态、特征 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。在句中常与often,usually,always,sometimes,every day,once a week,never,on weekends,seldom等连用。现在进行时现在进行时谓语 am/is/are+V-ing现在进行时态主要用于：现在进行时态主要用于：1.表示说话时正在进行的动作2.说话时不一定正在进行
4、，但目前一段时间正在进行的动作3.不表示进行意义的进行动态 现在进行时中，若句中带有 always,often,forever,frequently等表示频率的单词，表说话人赞赏或厌恶等感情。E.G.He is always lating.某些动词的进行时可表几乎，差一点 nearly do,be on the point of doing E.G.Im forgetting to tell you.4.现在进行时可以表示按计划或安排现在进行时可以表示按计划或安排在不久的将来要做或者预定要做的事在不久的将来要做或者预定要做的事情。这种结构中常用动作动词或位移情。这种结构中常用动作动词或位移动词
5、，如动词，如arrive,leave,travel,start,move,come,go,fly等。等。E.G.I am going home tonight.what are you doing next Saturday?I am staying at home.Exercise：1.Listen!Mary is singing (sing)an English song in the classroom.2.The environment is changing(change)but it is still unsatisfied.3.I am leaving(leave)tomorro
6、w.4.She is always thinking of(think of)others instead of herself.一般过去时主要用于：一般过去时主要用于：1.过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。2.常与时间状语last year,yesterday,just last year,yesterday,just now,in 2006,at that time,the other day,a now,in 2006,at that time,the other day,a few days ago,in the pastfew days ago,in the past连用。was/
7、were+表语 动词过去式 情态动词过去式+动词原形past simple tense Exercise:1.They had(have)a baby last week.2.He went(go)out just now.3.Nothing happened(happen)since then.He is no longer the man he was(is).注意：一般过去时一定是一个与现在毫无联系的时态，只强调过去的事实，不强调与现在的联系。Summary on Past Continuous:1.表示过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行的动作，句中往往有过去的时间状语或上下文表示了一个特
8、定的过去时间状语。2.常与时间状语at that time,at five,then,last night连用Past Continuous过去进行时构成 was/were+V-ingExercise:1.I was reading(read)the newspaper when he came in.2.He was watching(watch)TV at home from 3:00 to 5:00 yesterday afternoon.3.We were expecting(expect)you yesterday.现在完成时现在完成时构成 have/has+动词过去分词现在完成时态
9、主要用于：现在完成时态主要用于：1.过去的动作或状态对现在的影响或照成的结果。2.过去开始的动作或状态一直持续到现在。3.现在完成时后不能跟确定的过去时间状语，现在完成时之后的时间状语一定包含现在在内的时间状语。So far,up to now,since,in the last/past years/days,by the time4.常与already,ever,yet,never 连用5.现在完成时具体可表：一种经验或结果，一种重复，一种持续Exercise 1：1.Its nice to see you again.We havent seen (see)each other for
10、a long time.2.I have visited(visit)Beijing at least ten times.3.Nothing has been(be)quite the same ever since.4.Its two years since I last saw Joe.=I havent seen(see)Joe for two years.5.Its the first time Mike has driven(drive)a car.Summary on Past Perfect:1.1.过去完成时的动词表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。句中常用 by
11、,before,until,when 等词引导的时间状语 2.过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去 过去完成时 构成 had+过去分词 （一定表示过去的过去）Past PerfectExercise：1.Karen didnt want to come to the cinema with us because she had already seen(see)the film.2.I had worked(work)in a car factory for ten years before I came here.一般将来时谓语（多种表达形式）Shall/will+动
12、词原形 Am/is/are going to+动词原形1.人作主语表打算做某事 2.物作主语表目前的迹象表明将要发生的事。Look at the sky,its going to rain.3.am/is/are+to do 表按计划，安排或上级对下级的命令要求。simple future tense 4.am/is/are about to do 正要，就要 表即将发生的动作，不能和确定的将来时间状语连用，可以和when 连用，表这时 5.已经列入日程表，节目单，时刻表的，已经完成妥当的，十分确定的将来动作或状态，可用一般现在时替将来时。6.表示位置转移的瞬间的动作的动词，可用现在进行时表不
13、久以后要发生的动作 Go,leave,come,arrive,stay,reach,start,begin,return.九将来完成式 构成 will/shall+have done 十现在完成进行时 Have/has+been+Ving 从过去某时开始，一直持续到现在还在进行的动作 十一.过去完成进行时 Had+been+Ving 从过去某一时间开始的动作一直持续到过去另一时间而且仍然在进行 十二.过去将来时 Were/was going to+动词原形 在过去看将要发生的动作 Was/were to have done 表原打算（但没成功）Voice主动语态（Active Voice）:e
14、.g.Tom wrote an article yesterday.被动语态（Passive Voice）：e.g.An article was written by Tom yesterday.Basic structure:be+pp(past participle)状态时间一般(do)完成(have done)进行(be doing)完成进行(have been doing)现在一般现在时doam/is/are done现在完成时have donehave been done现在进行时is doingam/is/are beiing done现在完成进行时have been doing过
15、去一般过去时didwas/were done过去完成时had donehad been done过去进行时was doingwas/were being done过去完成进行时had been doing将来一般将来时will dowill be done将来完成时will have donewill have been done将来进行时will be doing将来完成进行时will have been doing过去将来过去将来时would dowould be done过去将来完成时would have donewould have been done过去将来进行时would be d
16、oing过去将来完成进行时would have been doing 状态时间一般(do)完成(have done)进行(be doing)完成进行(have been doing)现在一般现在时doam/is/are done现在完成时have donehave been done现在进行时is doingam/is/are beiing done现在完成进行时have been doing过去一般过去时didwas/were done过去完成时had donehad been done过去进行时was doingwas/were being done过去完成进行时had been doin
17、g将来一般将来时will dowill be done将来完成时will have donewill have been done将来进行时will be doing将来完成进行时will have been doing过去将来过去将来时would dowould be done过去将来完成时would have donewould have been done过去将来进行时would be doing过去将来完成进行时would have been doingTenses 谓语动词的谓语动词的被动式被动式例句例句一般现一般现在时在时am/is/are+v-edYou are required
18、 to do this.一般过一般过去时去时was/were+v-edThe story was told by her.一般将一般将来时来时will/shall be+v-edThe problem will be discussed tomorrow.现在进现在进行时行时am/is/are+being+v-edThe road is being widened.过去进过去进行时行时was/were+being+v-edThe new tool was being made.现在完现在完成时成时has/have+been+v-edThe novel has been read.过去完过去完成时成时had+been+v-edHe said that the work had been finished.过去将过去将来时来时would/should+v-edHe said that the trees would be planted soon.
