1、Unit2 Morals and virtuesWords and Expressions1.moral adj.道德的;道义上的 n.品行；道德；寓意 morally adv.道德上地，道义上地 immoral adj.不道德的，邪恶的 moral dilemma 道德困境2.virtue n.高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质 by/in virtue of 因为，由于，凭借eg:We can defeat the virus by virtue of our unity.团结起来我们可以打败病毒3.dilemma n.C进退两难的境地；困境 moral dilemma道德困境be in/face
2、/be faced with a dilemma about sth 处于两难境地 put/place sb.in a dilemma 使某人处于进退两难的境地 4.faint vi.昏倒；晕厥 adj.不清楚的；微弱的;眩晕的，虚弱的 faintly adv.略微地a faint hope/chance 渺小的希望、机会5.illustrate vt.(举例)说明;阐明;给(书或文章)加插图 illustration n.说明；阐明 illustrated adj.有插图的illustrate.with 用.说明，解释He illustrated the phenomenon _ examp
3、les.with a precious gift 珍贵的礼物 a precious moment/memory 珍贵的时刻/记忆6 precious adj.6 precious adj.珍稀的；宝贵的/prepres/s/What is precious to you?7.entrust vt.委托;交付entrust sb with sth=entrust sth to sb把.交付/委托某人Eg:The teacher entrusted the monitor with the arrangements for the party.老师委托班长安排聚会=The teacher entr
4、usted the arrangement for the party to the monitor.8.carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关 It was your help that carried me through the hard times.正是你的帮助使我度过了艰难时刻。【归纳】carry out 执行、履行、进行carry on(with)sth./doing sth.继续做某事carry through 帮.渡过难关；维持；完成carry off 赢得;获得;be/get carried away 变得很激动；失去自制力例句：They had a lo
5、ng and happy marriage.他们的婚姻长久而幸福。9.marriage n.9.marriage n.结婚；婚姻归纳拓展：marry v.(和某人)结婚；娶；嫁 marry sb married adj.已婚的；结婚的be married(to sb)（与结婚）【表状态】get married(to sb)(与结婚）【表动作】单句语法填空：The survey调查 shows that two-thirds of _(marry)women earn less than their husband.married10.majority n.大部分;大多数 be in the/a
6、 majority 占多数a/the majority of的大多数major adj.主要的，重要的，大的 n.专业 vi.主修 minor adj.少数的 minority n.少数民族;少数 plain vi.&vt.抱怨;发牢骚 complaint n.抱怨complain to sb about/of sth 向某人抱怨某事 complain(to sb.)that+句子 (向某人)抱怨make a complaint to sb 向某人提出投诉;抱怨 eg.She complained to me his rude behaviour.她向我抱怨他的粗鲁行为。aboutv-plai
7、n抱怨complaint抱怨weigh称重weight重量join连接joint接头词性变化积累词性变化积累12.respond vt.回答;回复 vi.做出反应;回应 response n.反应;回答;回复respond to 回答，回复；对做出反应in response to 对作出反应 make a response(to.)(对)做出回应/反应eg.The teacher responded yes to the question that student put forward.老师对那个学生提出的问题作了肯定的回答13.union n.协会；联合会；工会 unite vi.&vt.
8、联合；团结 unity n.团结 14.scholarship n.奖学金 scholar n.学者 win a scholarship 赢得奖学金15.hire vt.聘任；雇用；租用 n.租借；租用 hire sth.out 把.租出去 on/for hire 出租eg.There are many cars for hire there.16.physician n.医师；（尤指）内科医生 resident physician 住院医师 physics 物理学 physicist 物理学家17.reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用 rejection n.拒绝接受；否决 reject a
9、 decision/an offer/a suggestion拒绝一个决定/一项提议/一个建议reject sth/doing sth 拒绝接受;不录用;拒绝做某事eg.I absolutely _（refuse/reject）to take part in anything thats illegal.refuse18.appoint vt.任命;委派 adj.约定的；指定的 n.任命；约会；约定 appointedappointmentappoint sb.as/to be.任命某人为appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事make/have an appointment
10、with sb.与某人约会keep/break an appointment 守/违约19.elect vt.选举;推选 election n.选举;推选;当选elect sb to sth 决定/选择（某人）加入.elect sb as/to be 选举某人为elect to do 选择/决定做某事hold/win/lose/run for an election 举行、赢得选举、在选举中失败、参加选举 Environmental awareness has increased significantly over the past decade.环境意识在过去十年已经有了显著的提高。20.
11、decade n.20.decade n.十年；十年期22.tend vt.照顾;照料 vi.倾向;趋于 tendency n.趋势，趋向；倾向tend to/towards sth 倾向于，有.的趋势tend to do sth 易于做某事;往往会发生某事 have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事tend(to)sb./sth.(look after sb./sth.)照顾/护理 The government publishes figures every six months showing how many people are unemployed.政府每半年公
12、布一次失业人数。She was only 19 when her first novel was published.她的第一部小说出版时她年仅19岁。23.publish vt.23.publish vt.发表（作品）；出版24.retire vivt.退休;退职;退出 retired adj.退休的，退役的；retirement n.退休，退职；退休生活 retire from 从.退休 a retired teacher 一位退休教师 take early retirement提前退休 25.principle n.道德原则；法则；原则 in principle 原则上；大体上 stic
13、k to the principles 坚持原则be scared of sth.害怕某物 be scared of doing sth.害怕做某事be scared to do sth.害怕做某事be scared that.害怕Hes scared of spiders.Im scared of telling her what really happened.我害怕告诉她事情的真相。Im scared to go out at night alone.我害怕晚上一个人出去。I was scared(=very worried)(that)you might not be there.我怕
14、你不在那儿26.scared adj.26.scared adj.害怕的；对害怕的；对感到惊慌或恐惧的感到惊慌或恐惧的他害怕蜘蛛。词语积累：(1)scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓 n.惊吓 It scares sb.to do sth.做某事使某人感到害怕。scare.away/off吓走/吓跑 scare sb.into doing sth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事 scare sb.to death把某人吓得要死(2)scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的 a scary movie恐怖电影27.sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；鲜明的；敏锐的；(语言)尖刻的 adv
15、.(用于时间后表示准时)整look sharp 看上去很精神；注意sharply adv.急剧地,大幅度地;严厉地,毫不客气地 sharpen vt.(使)变得锋利sharpener n.磨具,削具a sharp drop in the prices 价格_a sharp knife 一把_刀a sharp contrast _对比 sharp eyes _视力28.sharp adj.(28.sharp adj.(增长、下跌等增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；急剧的；锋利的；明显的明显的暴跌锋利的鲜明的明锐的an sharp increase 29.insurance n.保险;保险业 insu
16、re vt.给.购买保险 insurance company 保险公司【区分】ensure v.确保，保证；保护 an energetic boy 一个精力充沛的男孩 词语积累：energy n活力，精力；能源，能量 be full of energy精力充沛 have the energy to do sth.有精力做某事30.energetic adj.30.energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的精力充沛的；充满活力的You are always _(精力充沛的).Can you tell me the secret?energetic/full of energy31.rep
17、lace vt.接替；取代；更换 replace A with/by B 用B代替A replacement n.替换；更换；接替者 a replacement for 的替代品/替补 You can use cheese in place of/instead of butter in some recipes.关于“replacereplace”的总结：代替replacetake the place of in place of instead of 在一些菜谱里你可以用芝士来替代黄油 高频词块 a car/road accident 车祸/交通事故 by accident 偶然地；意外地
18、 accidental adj.偶然的；意外的 I deleted the file by accident.（口头翻译）33.accident n.33.accident n.事故；车祸；失事我不小心删除了这个文件。34.operation n.手术；企业；经营 operate vi.运转；动手术 vt.操作 operator n.操作员，经营者do/perform an operation(on sb.)(给某人)做手术 in operation 工作中；有效put sth.into operation 实施operate on/upon 给.动手术35.whisper vi.&vt.35
19、.whisper vi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语悄声说；耳语；低语n n耳语耳语(声声)；低语；低语(声声)；传言；谣传；传言；谣传whisper sth.to sb.把某事悄悄告诉某人whisper about sth.密谈某事whisper sth.in ones ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事People are whispering that=It is whispered that.有人私下说36.bite vt.&vi.咬；叮；蛰 （bit,bitten）n.咬；（咬下的）一口；咬伤 take a bite of sth 咬了一口be bitten by 对着迷;热衷于bite o
20、nes lip 压抑怒气、悲伤等情感bite ones tongue 隐忍不言bite vt.&vi.bite vt.&vi.咬；叮；蛰 n.n.咬；（咬下的）一口；咬伤 （bit,bittenbit,bitten）He bites his fingernails.他咬指甲。An insect bit me on the arm.一只小虫子叮了我的胳膊。37.assist vt.帮助;援助 assistance n.帮助，援助 assistant n.助理，助手；店员，售货员 adj.助理的，副的 assist sb to do 帮助某人做某事assist sb with sth 帮助某人做某
21、事assist sb in doing sth 帮助某人做某事give/offer/provide assistance to sb 给某人提供帮助38.pass away 38.pass away 去世高频词块in memory of 作为对的纪念have a good/bad memory(for)记忆力好/差memory loss 失忆He founded the charity in memory of his late wife.他兴办那个慈善机构以纪念他已故的妻子。He has a bad memory for dates.他对日期的记忆力很差。39.memory n39.memo
22、ry n记忆力；回忆记忆力；回忆40.disguise v.装扮;假扮;掩盖 n.伪装;化装用具 in disguise 伪装;假装;乔装打扮 41.tear n.眼泪;泪水 v.撕裂;撕掉;撕碎;扯破;撕开 tore-torn burst into tears/laughter 大哭/笑in tears 流着泪;含着泪tears of regret/happiness/joy/laughter 惋惜高兴喜悦欢笑的泪水42.despair n.绝望 vi.绝望;感到无望despair of.对.绝望;丧失信心in despair 处于绝望中 He gave up the attempt in
23、despair.他在绝望中放弃了这种尝试。be of great harm 危害极大的 do harm to sb./sth.（=do sb./sth.harm）对某人/某物有害mean no harm 没有恶意There is no harm in(ones)doing sth.=There is no harm(for sb.)to do sth.（某人）做某事无妨/无害词语积累：harmful adj.有害的 be harmful to 对有害harmless adj.无害的 be harmless to 对无害44.harm n.&vt.44.harm n.&vt.伤害；损害(1)a great deal ofn.U大量的(2)a great deal大量，非常He had given this question a great deal of thought.他对这个问题做过许多思考。Weve known a great deal（=much）about the incident.关于那件事我们知道很多。45.a great deal(of)45.a great deal(of)大量 修饰不可数名词 46.flexible adj.灵活的；可变通的 flexibility n.灵活性 flexibly adv.灵活地Thank you!
