1、Unit 2 MORALS AND VIRTUESTHE STONE IN THE ROADin the road 挡道 另：在路上in the wayOnce upon a time there was a king who often thought,“Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems.”One day,he had an idea.Early one morning,the king disguised himself
2、 and went to a local village.He placed a large stone in the middle of the main street and hid gold coins under the stone.Then he hid behind a huge maple tree and watched.expect sb to do sthhide hid hid/hidden很久以前=long long ago定语从句定语从句complain v.抱怨 about sth to plaint solve-solutiondisguise v.装扮，假扮，掩
3、盖maple n.枫树学逻辑常用（寓言）常用（寓言）故事开头故事开头 时间连词让句子时间连词让句子之间层次清晰，之间层次清晰，逻辑鲜明。逻辑鲜明。The first person down the street was a milkman with his cart.He crashed into the stone,spilling the milk everywhere.“What fool put this stone here?”he shouted.He picked himself up and angrily went away.现在分词作结果状语，表意料之内pick up 捡起
4、、拾起；用车接；偶然间学会；便宜购买crash into 撞到上spill v.(使)洒出-ed/-t -ed/-t路上走来的第一个人是推着车子的牛奶工。pick oneself up站起来哪个傻瓜把石头放这的？what是没有选择范围的哪一个学词汇shout 和angrily生动形象After a while,a group of women came along,each balancing a pot of water on her head.One woman tripped over the stone and her water pot went crashing to the gr
5、ound.She picked herself up and limped away in tears.Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road.走过来独立主格结构 n/pron 和后面的v.ing构成逻辑上的主谓关系 方式状语就近原则就近原则就近原则：not onlybut also eitheror neithernor whetheror就远原则就远原则：as well as together/along with rather than except besides but in
6、cluding 连词体现时间顺序被绊倒 trip v.绊倒，使跌倒谓语limp vi.跛行，一瘸一拐她爬起来，噙着泪一瘸一拐地离开了。归纳拓展 独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的成分构成逻逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。辑上的主谓或动宾关系。独立主格结构可置于主句前、主句后或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开，在句中作状语，相当于一个状语从句。The guide leading the way,we had no trouble getting out of the forest.向导领着路，我们
7、毫不费劲地走出了森林。Jim was listening attentively to the lecture,all his attention fixed on it.吉姆专心致志地听着讲座，所有注意力都集中在上面了。There being no bus,we had to walk home.由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。主动主动被动单句语法填空So many children _(support),they both have to work full time.It _(be)Sunday,I didnt need to get up early this morning,so
8、I stayed in bed until 9 a.m.The king watched all day as many people complained about the stone,but he found nobody making an attempt to move it.The king was in despair.“Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm?”时间状语从句现在分词作宾补attempting tostop/pre
9、ventfrom_(harm)?being harmeddespair n.vi.绝望who定语从句 no onefeel a responsibility to do sth觉得有责任做某事harm n.v.Just then,the king saw a young girl coming along.She was the daughter of a local farmer.She had been working all day and was very tired.But when she saw the stone,she said to herself,“This stone
10、is a danger to anyone who comes down the street after dark.Ill move it out of the way.”现在分词作宾补过去完成进行时say to oneself 自言自语表示动作从过去的过去开始一直延续到过去的某个时间点a danger to对是个危险天黑以后The girl pushed the stone with all her might.After a great deal of effort,she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street.
11、Imagine her surprise when she saw the gold coins where the stone had been!with all ones might 全力以赴=manage to do祈使句push v.推，促使push sb to do sth 逼迫某人做某事逼迫某人做某事push sb hard 把某人逼的太紧might n.力量=strengtha great deal of大量的，修u.n.a great deal 用作副词（修饰v.adj.特别adj.er）或名词(作主语或宾语)作主语时，谓用单数succeed in doing成功做某事when
12、 引导时状where 引导地状前后过去完成时Just then,the king stepped out from behind the tree.“Oh sir,”the girl said,“does this gold belong to you?If not,we surely must find the owner,for he will certainly miss it.”The king said,“My dear,the gold is mine.I put it in the road and moved the stone over it.Now the gold is
13、yours,because you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I wanted to teach my people.”原因状语从句，不置于句首,用“，”隔开thatwhichstep v.迈步，行走step out 走出来step forward/backward?省略句prep.在上面because 引导原状who引导定语从句【】The main purpose of a review is to give your opinion about a piece of writing.You should first give
14、 a short description of the writing,and then clearly state your opinion and your reasons.Write a reviewA review of a short story should include the following:1.Introduction2.Summary3.Personal reflection4.Critical analysis5.ConclusionIn the introduction,you should include some basic facts about the s
15、tory,including the title,the author and the story genre.You should also say something about your opinion of the story,along with your reasons for liking or disliking it.1.IntroductionBriefly summarize the story.Discuss the setting,the main character(s)and the main events or problems that the charact
16、ers experience.Do not give the ending away!2.SummaryDiscuss what you like or dislike about the story.Give reasons to support your opinion3.Personal reflectionIn the critical analysis,some questions to explore are:What is the authors purpose for writing the story?Is the author successful in achieving
17、 this purpose?Were the details of the story clear?4.Critical analysisIn the conclusion,you should evaluate the story and either recommend it or not recommend it to others,depending on whether you think it is worthwhile reading.Before you begin writing the review,make sure you read the story closely
18、and take good notes.5.ConclusionLets writeLets writeThe outline below may help you:Paragraph 1:Basic information about the story What is the title of the story?What kind of story is it?What is the main idea of the story?Lets writeParagraph 2:Your analysis of the story What is the authors purpose?Wer
19、e the details of the story clear?Do you think the story achieved its purpose?Paragraph 3:Your opinion about the story What did you like about the story?What did you not like about the story?Would you recommend this story to others?Sample The Stone in the Road is an old fable about a king who thinks
20、his people are lazy,so he puts a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waits to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.The story was quite successful in achieving its pu
21、rpose,and I liked it because it had a clear moral.Sample However,while the moral of the story is clear,the actions of the king seemed pointless to me,because none of the characters in the story learnt anything.For this reason,I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people the need for personal responsibility.THANKS
