1、Unit 4Space ExplorationDiscovering Useful StructuresInfinitives as the attribute and the adverbialLets enjoy a video June 5,2022Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwestern ChinaSix monthsShenzhou XIV is the sixth spacecraft to visit Tiangong Space Station and the third crewed ship to transport a
2、stronauts to the orbiting outpost.Tiangong Space Station天宫太空站crewed ship载人航天飞船the orbiting outpost轨道前哨Shenzhou XIV astronauts have plenty of objectives to complete at space station During the six-month trip.Crew members of Shenzhou XIV(from left to right):Cai Xvzhe,46,Chen Dong,the commander,43,took
3、 part in the Shenzhou XI mission.Liu Yang,43,took part in the Shenzhou IX mission in June 2012.Liu Yang is the first female astronaut to be sent into space in China.Liu Yang realized her dream to explore space in 2012.Liu Yang has strong desire to go to space again.1.Shenzhou XIV is the sixth spacec
4、raft to visit Tiangong Space Station and the third crewed ship to transport astronauts to the orbiting outpost.2.Shenzhou XIV astronauts have plenty of objectives to complete at space station During the six-month trip.3.Liu Yang is the first female astronaut to be sent into space in China.4.Liu Yang
5、 realized her dream to explore space in 2012.5.Liu Yang has strong desire to go to space again.Find the similarities of these sentences1.Shenzhou XIV is the sixth spacecraft to visit Tiangong Space Station and the third crewed ship to transport astronauts to the orbiting outpost.2.Shenzhou XIV astro
6、nauts have plenty of objectives to complete at space station During the six-month trip.3.Liu Yang is the first female astronaut to be sent into space in China.4.Liu Yang realized her dream to explore space in 2012.5.Liu Yang has strong desire to go to space again.Find the similarities of these sente
7、ncesthe infinitive is used as the attributive to modify the noun/.placed in front of it.1.China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003.2.She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC
8、 Hospital.3.He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school.4.However,some scientists were determined to help humans realize their dream to explore space.5.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed,but the desire to explore the universe never died.6.The abili
9、ty to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.7.We must have the courage to face the challenge.8.In college,there are so many good chances to meet your expectations.名词前有名词前有first,last,next,only等词以及最高级修饰时等词以及最高级修饰时,其后要用动词不定式作定语其后要用动词不定式作定语抽象名词抽象名词 attempt,ability,chance,desire,courage,wish
10、,determination,decision,plan,promise,time,way 等后面常用不定式作后置定语等后面常用不定式作后置定语1.Theres nothing to worry about.2.I have something important to deal with.不定代词不定代词 something,nothing something,nothing 等后面常用不定式作后置定语等后面常用不定式作后置定语不定式与被修饰的词有不定式与被修饰的词有动宾动宾关系，且句子中有该不定式的逻辑主语时，该不定式通常用主动关系，且句子中有该不定式的逻辑主语时，该不定式通常用主动形式表
11、示被动意义；若不定式的动词是不及物动词，则须加上相应的形式表示被动意义；若不定式的动词是不及物动词，则须加上相应的介词介词。4.He is a nice person to work with.3.I have a lot of work to do.Find out infinitives whose function is attributive1.China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003.2.As we all know,an astronaut
12、needs to be healthy and calm to work in space.3.The whole process is too complicated to explain in a few words.4.The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.5.However,some scientists were determined to help humans realize their dream to explore space.6.The Shenzhou XIV crew wil
13、l work with ground controllers to connect the Wentian and Mengtian space labs with the Tianhe module.Translate the other sentences,discuss the function of these infinitives1.As we all know,an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm to work in space.2.The whole process is too complicated to explain in
14、 a few words.3.The Shenzhou XIV crew will work with ground controllers to connect the Wentian and Mengtian space labs with the Tianhe module.不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语不定式作结果状语不定式作结果状语不定式作结果状语不定式作结果状语the infinitive is used as the adverbial to indicate the purpose/result.eg.He hurried to the school,only to find
15、 that it was Sunday.only to do 表示出乎意料的结果表示出乎意料的结果6.He was surprised to see us in the street of London.7.We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.不定式作原因状语不定式作原因状语1.The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.2.Im very sorry to have kept you waiting for me.3.The
16、 little boy pretended to be reading the books when his teacher entered the classroom.4.He worked hard in order not to fail in the exam again.to be done:不定式的被动形式不定式的被动形式to have done:表示动作发生在谓语动作之前表示动作发生在谓语动作之前to be doing:表示动作正在进行表示动作正在进行not to do:不定式的否定形式不定式的否定形式(1)Our English teacher has many ways _(
17、make)her class interesting.(2)He has a lot of work_(do)every weekend.(3)They are looking for a room_(live).(4)I have no chance_(go)sightseeing with so much work to do.(5)The airport _(complete)next year will help promote tourism in this area.(6)The doctors are busy doing what they can _(save)the dyi
18、ng man.(7)The old man was too angry _(say)a word.(8)He hurried to the station to see Tom off,only_(find)he had already left.to maketo doto live into goto be completedto saveto sayto findComplete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.Sending people to other planets or even beyon
19、d the solar system is not an easy goal _(achieve).One of the problems is that the trip would take a very long time.For example,_(use)current technology,it would take over two years _(get)to the closest planet,Mars,and back.Although light is the fastest thing _(know)in the universe,it could take more
20、 than four years to reach the nearest star system.Will scientists figure out a way _(store)sufficient food and water for the long journey?Is it possible to travel faster than light?No one knows the answer yet.However,space scientists never give up.They are experimenting with growing crops in space s
21、o as _(help)astronauts get enough food on longer journeys through space.to achieveusingto getknownto storeto helpRewrite the sentences using infinitives or“in order to/so as to+do”.Change the italicized parts accordingly.1.In 2003,Yuri Malenchenko became the first person who got married in space.=In
22、 2003,Yuri Malenchenko became the first person to get married in space.2.In space,astronauts collect all dirty water so that it can be recycled for later use.=In space,astronauts collect all dirty water _ to/in order to/so as to recycle it for later use3.Mankind has always been curious about the uni
23、verse and many people have dreamed that one day they would fly into space.=Mankind has always been curious about the universe and many people have_.dream to fly into space4.Astronauts bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity,so they need to exercise every day,which wil
24、l help them stay healthy.=Astronauts bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity,so they need to exercise every day _to stay healthybe delighted to know(很高兴得知)to become an astronaut(要想成为一名宇航员)to get a related college degree(得到相关的大学文凭)to keep healthy(来保持健康).to go into spac
25、e(进入太空)to explore space(探索太空).Imagine you were LiuYang,You are talking with your friend Jack about your dream to be an asrtronaut.Please make an dialogue and role play it with your partner.(Use the infinitives in your dialogue)1.Read the text aloud.2.Complete the passage with words from the text.(P41 Ex.5)
