1、英语数词用法第1页，共41页。目录 单元重点语法讲解 一.how much 引导的疑问句 考点1：用来询问事物的价格、价钱，意思是“多少钱”eg:How much are these socks?What a beautiful key ring!is it?a.How old b.How far c.How long d.How much第2页，共41页。一、how long的用法 how long有以下两个主要意思：1.表示多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如three days,four weeks 等)提问。如：A：How long did he stay here?他在这儿呆了多久?B：
2、About two weeks.大约两个星期。A：How long does it take to get to London from here?从这里到伦敦要多长时间?B：At least ten hours.至少要10个小时。2.表示某东西有多长。如：第3页，共41页。A：How long is the river?这条河有多长？B：About 500 km.大约500千米。二、how often的用法 how often 指每隔多久；多长时间一次。主要用来对频度副词或状语(如：once a week,three times a month 等)提问。如：A：How often does
3、 he come here?他(每隔)多久来一次?B：Once a month.每月一次。第4页，共41页。A：How often do you visit your mother?你多长时间看你妈妈一次?B：Once a week.一周一次。三、how soon的用法 how soon 指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如：in an hour,in two weeks 等)提问。如：A：How soon will he be back?他要多久才回来?B：In an hour.1 小时以后。第5页，共41页。A：How soon shall we know the results?
4、我们多久能知道结果?B：I dont know.我不知道。第6页，共41页。How far 和How long 的区别 A:持续多长时间（多久）how long How long have you been here?For five months.长度（多长）how long How long is the bridge?Its 500 metres.第7页，共41页。距离（多远）how far How far is it from here to the zoo?Its 6 kilometres第8页，共41页。考向一（易错点）：时间、金钱、距离作主语时，不论数量多少，谓语动词用单数。-H
5、ow much the glasses?-Five pounds enough.二（易错点）：谈到货币时，经常考查dollar和yuan的区别。-How much the glasses?-。a.Ten yuans b.Ten yuan c.Ten dollars dollar有单复数，大于一美元时，加s.yuan 不可以。第9页，共41页。基数词的用法 数词分为：基数词，序数词。表示数量的多少的词叫基数词。如：one,teo,three等。考点一：数词的拼写。第10页，共41页。特殊基数词1,000one(a)thousand 一千一千10,000 ten thousand 一万一万100,
6、000one hundred thousand 十万十万 1,000,000one million百万百万10,000,000ten million千万千万100,000,000one hundred million 一亿一亿1,000,000,000billion十亿108one hundred and eight500five hundred 1813one thousand eight hundred and thirteen.第11页，共41页。多位数的读法 从后向前数，每三位数加一个，；第一个，号前为thousand（千），第二个，号前为million（百万），然后再逐段表达。三位数
7、数词要在百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加and。45，632，798 读作 forty-five million,six hundred and thirty-two thousand,seven hundred and ninety-eight 第12页，共41页。记住英语数字读法特点。以下面一个数字记住英语数字读法特点。以下面一个数字为例：为例：6，500，431，729hundredthousandmillionbillion注意每三个数为一个单位，按照百、注意每三个数为一个单位，按照百、十、个向下读。十、个向下读。第13页，共41页。6，500，431，729seven hundr
8、ed and twenty-nine thousandmillionbillionsix billion,five hundred million,four hundred and thirty-one thousand,hundred第14页，共41页。基数词表示确切的数时，不用复数形式.表示不确切数，如成百、成千上万，则用复数。There are hundreds of people in the hall 320 three hundred and twenty 人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数形式。He became a professor in his thirtiesIt was
9、 in the 1960s第15页，共41页。基数词的句法功能可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。The two happily opened the box（作主语）They three tried to finish the task（作同位语）The nine boys are from Tianjin.这九个男孩子是天津人。（作定语）Six plus four is ten.六加四等于十。（作表语）第16页，共41页。序数词英语的序数词基本变法：一般在基数词后加thve结尾的改为-fth-ty结尾的改为-tieth 熟记特殊词：first，second，third，fifth，eigh
10、th，ninth，twelfth 表示第几十几时，用几十的基数词+连字符“”+个位序数词。thirty-first 第三十一 fifty-sixth 第五十六第17页，共41页。第18页，共41页。序数词的句法功能 序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。The second is what I really need（作主语）He choose the second（作宾语）We are to carry out the first plan（作定语）She is the second in our class（作表语）第19页，共41页。一、序号表示法 the+序数词+名词 名词+基数词
11、the first lessonLesson Onethe twenty-first roomRoom 21（twenty-one）The First World/World War One.第20页，共41页。基数词第21页，共41页。基数词表示确切的数时，不用复数形式.表示不确切数，如成百、成千上万，则用复数。There are hundreds/thousands of people in the hall 320 three hundred and twenty成千上百的 hundreds and thousands of 三三两两 in twos and threes eg:Stud
12、ents go to the classroom in twos and threes.第22页，共41页。人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数形式。He became a professor in his thirties 在二十世纪六十年代 It was in the 1960s“century 世纪”在20世纪早/晚期 in the early/late century of twenty 数词名词用连在一起作定语，后面名词不用复数。eg.He is a four-year-old boy.He is four years old.第23页，共41页。英语中有一些短语包含数词，不能从表面上
13、理解它们的意义 one and the only 唯一 be at one with 与 一致 one and the same 同一个；完全一样 ten to one 十之八九 talk nineteen to the dozen 滔滔不绝 by twos and threes 三三两两 in ones and twos 三三两两 first and last 总共 first of all 首先 from the first 从一开始 .第24页，共41页。1、章节、页数的读法 第一章：the first chapter Chapter One 第二节：the second section
14、 Section Two 第三课：the third lesson Lesson Three 第463页：page four six three 第2564页：page two five six four或twenty-five sixty-four 注意：如果页码的数字较长，通常用基数词。第25页，共41页。2.房间、门牌、电话号码的读法 第305房间：Room three o（零）five 长安街76号：seventy-six Changan Street 电话号码：204-2244：telephone number two o（零）four two two（double two）four
15、 four 十一路公共汽车：Bus（No.）eleven 第26页，共41页。3.年代、日期的读法 年份是四位数字时，各分成二位来读，eg.公元1995年：1995（=nineteen ninety-five）日期使用一般的序数词来读取 eg.5月10日：May 10th（=May tenth）年代表示法：eg.二十世纪九十年代：1990s nineteen nineties 第27页，共41页。二、时刻表示法 1.几点钟 5:00 读作 five oclock 2.几点过几分 five past seven 七点过五分half past six 六点半a quarter past eight
16、 八点过一刻 3.几点差几分 ten to eight 差十分八点a quarter to twelve 差一刻十二点twenty to six 差二十分六点第28页，共41页。三、倍数、分数、小数、百分数表示法 1.倍数的表达法 倍数用在as+形容词/副词（原形）+as结构之前.倍数放在形容词或副词的比较级之前或by+倍数用在比较级之后 倍数用在表示度量名词前其基本结构为倍数+the+size/length/weight-+of+表示比较对象的名词第29页，共41页。A is+倍数+比较级 thanB A is+倍数+as+adj.原形+as B A is 倍数 the+n.+of BThi
17、s bridge is three times as wide as that one.（这座桥是那座桥的三倍宽。）=This bridge is twice wider than that one.（这座桥比那座桥宽两倍。）=This bridge is three times width of that one.（这座桥的宽度是那座桥的三倍。）第30页，共41页。2.分数表示法 分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母用复数。如：三分之一,one-third;七分之三,three-sevenths。分子与分母之间加in，分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词。如：十分之一,one in
18、 ten；五分之八,eight in five。分子与分母之间加out of，分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词。如：one out of ten;five out of eight.第31页，共41页。3.小数表示法 小数的表示法，小数点用point，点之前的读法和其它整数读法一样；点后的数读成个位数。nine point six five,9.65；two hundred and eighteen point three nine.218.39 第32页，共41页。4.分数表示法 直接将数词放在percent前面即可。如 twenty percent为百分之二十。分数和百分 数后不能直
19、接接名词或代词，而用下面的形式：分数/百分数+of+冠词/限定词+名词/代词，其谓语动词与of后的名词在人称和数上保持一致。如：Two-thirds of the money was spent on food.About seventy percent of the earth surface is covered by water.第33页，共41页。四、算式表达法 加法 A+B=C A plus B is C.or A and B is C.减法 AB=C A minus B is C.or B from A is C.乘法 AB=C A times B is C.or A multip
20、lied by B is C.除法 AB=C A divided by B is C.How much is two plus three?It is five How much is ten minus six?3X4?How much is three times four?164=?How much is sixteen divided by four?第34页，共41页。五、需注意的问题 1.数词名词用连在一起作定语，后面名词不用复数。eg.a four-year-old boy 2.有些结构既有基数词又有序数词。eg.the first three questions the las
21、t five minutes 3.英语中有一些短语包含数词，不能从表面上理解它们的意义 第35页，共41页。one and the only 唯一 be at one with 与 一致 one and the same 同一个；完全一样 ten to one 十之八九 talk nineteen to the dozen 滔滔不绝 by twos and threes 三三两两 in ones and twos 三三两两 first and last 总共 first of all 首先 from the first 从一开始 .第36页，共41页。another,other,more修饰数
22、词的用法 1.another+名词单数 表“另外的、额外的、附加的时，+具体数字的复数 The strike may last another three days罢工可能还要持续三天2.other+复数名词，置于数词之后 但与定冠词the连用时，other要放在数词前Do you know where he found the other two photos？另外两张照片Tony is going camping with two other boys next Sunday第37页，共41页。3.more可与a little，a few，a lot，several等词连用（1）There
23、 are many more dictionaries on the desk课桌上有许多词典。（2）Would you like some more tea？再喝点茶好吗？4.如果前后意思清楚，another或more后面的名词可以省去。如：I climbed the stairs slowly，carrying a big suitcase，my father following with two more第38页，共41页。选择填空。1March is _month of a yearA a three B the third C a third2We will have a meeti
24、ng at 8:05_Afive to eight Beight five Ceight o five3Eight plus eight is_.Asixteen Bsixty-four Cone4He is an _boyAeight years Beight-year-old Ceight-years-old5We will have a_ walkAten minutes Bten minutes Cten-minutesB the thirdCeight o fiveAsixteenBeight-year-oldBten minutes第39页，共41页。6The wall is_.A
25、four meters long Bfour meter long Cfour-meter long7Whats the date today?Its_AMarch the eight BMarch eighthCeight，March8It happened in the 1040sA in the forties of the eleventh centuryB in the forties of the tenth centuryC in the forty9About_ of the earths surface is covered with water.A.three-fours B.three-fourth C.three-fourthsAfour meters longBMarch eighthA in the forties of the eleventh centuryC.three-fourths第40页，共41页。10.He went down to the village which was _miles away from the city.A.three hundreds B.three hundredC.three hundreds ofB.three hundred第41页，共41页。
