1、斜纹夜蛾斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura甜菜夜蛾甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua和l分类地位:分类地位:鳞翅目鳞翅目Lepidoptera夜蛾科夜蛾科 NoctuidaelCommon names斜纹夜蛾:斜纹夜蛾:Common leafworm甜菜夜蛾:甜菜夜蛾:Beet armyworml别名别名斜纹夜蛾:莲纹夜蛾斜纹夜蛾:莲纹夜蛾甜菜夜蛾:甜菜夜盗虫甜菜夜蛾:甜菜夜盗虫 The adults are pale brownish moth,with the yellow-brown forewing having a distinctive pale band medi
2、ally:wingspan is 30-40 mm.斜纹夜蛾斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura Eggs are spherical(0.3 mm)in diameter,and laid on the undersides of leaves in batches of 100-300 and covered with yellow colored hair-scales.Each female lays about 100-2000 eggs,hatching requires 2-6 days.Spodoptera litura The newly hatched larvae
3、are pale green at first,and with a distinct black band on the first abdominal segment.Later they become brown with dark marking,with yellow lateral and dorsal stripes.The lateral yellow strip is bordered dorsally with a series of semi-lunar marks.Spodoptera litura Pupation takes place in the soil in
4、 an earthen cell,just beneath the surface,The pupa is dark red,15-20 mm long.Spodoptera litura甜菜夜蛾甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua The adult is a small brown moth of wingspan up to 25 mm,and the fore wing is grayish-brown with two yellow spots near the center.The hind wing is a translucent white with narrow br
5、own borders,There are rather nondescript in appearance and not easy to recognize.Spodoptera exigua Eggs are laid on the leaves of the host plants,in clusters,several layers thick,and covered with hairs from the female abdomen.Each cluster contains 50-300 eggs,one female can lay 300-900 eggs(up to 17
6、00).Eggs usually hatch after 2-4 days.Spodoptera exigua The larvae are very gregarious,at first green,later becoming variable green or brown usually with a lateral strip.Young larvae skeletonize the underside of the leaves,but as they grow they eat the entire lamina.Spodoptera exigua Pupation takes
7、place in the soil and lasts about 6 days.l斜纹夜蛾斜纹夜蛾 多食性、杂食性和暴食性。可为害多食性、杂食性和暴食性。可为害9999科科290290多种,多种,以水生蔬菜、十字花科蔬菜和茄科蔬菜受害最重。以水生蔬菜、十字花科蔬菜和茄科蔬菜受害最重。l甜菜夜蛾甜菜夜蛾多食性,已知寄主多食性,已知寄主171171种,在国内为种,在国内为7878种,其中种,其中包括包括2929种蔬菜,受害最重的作物是:甜菜、玉米、种蔬菜,受害最重的作物是:甜菜、玉米、白菜、萝卜、菠菜、苋菜等。白菜、萝卜、菠菜、苋菜等。l为害方式为害方式 以幼虫为害植物叶部,也为害茎、花以幼虫为
8、害植物叶部,也为害茎、花和果实。初龄幼虫群集为害,高龄后才和果实。初龄幼虫群集为害,高龄后才分散。在大发生时能将全田作物吃光,分散。在大发生时能将全田作物吃光,在苗期常导致毁种。为害甘蓝和白菜时,在苗期常导致毁种。为害甘蓝和白菜时,常蛀入心叶,把内部吃空,造成腐烂和常蛀入心叶,把内部吃空,造成腐烂和污染,失去食用价值。幼虫污染,失去食用价值。幼虫5-6龄。龄。成虫成虫6-7 days幼虫幼虫12-20 daysCommon leafwormLIFE CYCLE24-50 days成虫成虫8-10 days幼虫幼虫10-12 daysBeet armywormLIFE CYCLE21-40 da
9、ysv世代数世代数v斜纹夜蛾:斜纹夜蛾:一年多代,在华北一年一年多代,在华北一年4-5代,长江流域代,长江流域5-6代,代,长江以南长江以南6-8代,广东地区代,广东地区7-8代。代。v甜菜夜蛾:一年多代,在华北一年甜菜夜蛾:一年多代,在华北一年4-5代,长江流域代,长江流域6-9代,广代,广东地区东地区10-11代。代。v发生高峰发生高峰v斜纹夜蛾:长江流域斜纹夜蛾:长江流域7-8月月,黄河流域黄河流域8-9月,广东月,广东6-9月。月。v甜菜夜蛾:北方甜菜夜蛾:北方6-8月,广东冬季严重。月,广东冬季严重。l活动习性活动习性昼伏夜出,交尾产卵均在半夜和黎明进行。飞翔能昼伏夜出,交尾产卵均在
10、半夜和黎明进行。飞翔能力较强,需补充营养。力较强,需补充营养。l趋性趋性有较强的趋光性。有较强的趋光性。趋化性:斜纹夜蛾对糖、醋、酒液有较强的趋性。趋化性:斜纹夜蛾对糖、醋、酒液有较强的趋性。甜菜夜蛾趋化性较弱。甜菜夜蛾趋化性较弱。l产卵习性产卵习性斜纹夜蛾:产卵前期斜纹夜蛾:产卵前期1-31-3天,产卵期天,产卵期5-75-7天,卵块产,天,卵块产,3-43-4层,外覆盖有灰黄色疏松的绒毛。平均每雌产卵层,外覆盖有灰黄色疏松的绒毛。平均每雌产卵8-178-17块,约块,约1000-20001000-2000粒。卵多产于植株高大、茂密、粒。卵多产于植株高大、茂密、浓绿的边际作物上,芋头叶上尤其
11、多。浓绿的边际作物上,芋头叶上尤其多。甜菜夜蛾:卵块产,较小,甜菜夜蛾:卵块产,较小,2-32-3层,外覆盖有白色疏层,外覆盖有白色疏松的绒毛。产于植物叶片背面。松的绒毛。产于植物叶片背面。l取食习性取食习性初孵幼虫群集在卵块附近取食,初孵幼虫群集在卵块附近取食,2 2龄开始分龄开始分散,散,4 4龄进入暴食期,龄进入暴食期,5-65-6龄食量占总食量的龄食量占总食量的80%80%左右。高龄幼虫具背光性,晴天、白天左右。高龄幼虫具背光性,晴天、白天躲藏在背光处,晚上出来取食,故名夜盗虫。躲藏在背光处,晚上出来取食,故名夜盗虫。l叶丝下垂叶丝下垂低龄幼虫受惊时吐丝下垂,高龄幼虫受惊后低龄幼虫受惊
12、时吐丝下垂,高龄幼虫受惊后卷缩落地。卷缩落地。l化蛹化蛹 幼虫老熟后,入土作一卵圆形蛹室,在其中幼虫老熟后,入土作一卵圆形蛹室,在其中化蛹。化蛹深度与土壤质地和湿度有关。化蛹。化蛹深度与土壤质地和湿度有关。l斜纹夜蛾斜纹夜蛾Common cutworm温度范围温度范围Temperature range:20-33 0C.最适温度最适温度The most favorite temperature:28-30 0C。在在33-40 0C条件下也能存活。喜温型昆虫。条件下也能存活。喜温型昆虫。对低温的抵抗力弱,在对低温的抵抗力弱,在0 0C条件下基本不能存活。条件下基本不能存活。l甜菜夜蛾甜菜夜蛾B
13、eet armyworm温度范围温度范围Temperature range:20-30 0C.最适温度最适温度The most favorite temperature:20-25 0C。卵卵温度温度0C22.425.528.330.7历期(天)历期(天)7.32.92.42幼幼虫虫温度温度0C21.22526.829.530.2历期(天)历期(天)2716.716.914.812.4蛹蛹 温度温度0C23-2728-30历期(天)历期(天)10-178-11l寄生性天敌寄生性天敌 Parasitoids卵期卵期:黑卵蜂黑卵蜂 Telenomus remus 幼虫期幼虫期:螟蛉绒茧蜂螟蛉绒茧蜂
14、Apanteles ruficrus 侧沟姬蜂侧沟姬蜂 Microplitis pallidipes.l病原微生物病原微生物 Entomo-pathogen:斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒(斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒(NPV),斜纹夜蛾颗粒体斜纹夜蛾颗粒体(GV),斜纹夜蛾微孢子虫。斜纹夜蛾微孢子虫。l捕食性天敌捕食性天敌Predator:蜘蛛蜘蛛Spider,蚂蚁蚂蚁ants,叉叉角厉蝽角厉蝽Predacious stink-bug。l 农业防治 Cultural Controll 生物防治生物防治 Biological Controll 成虫诱杀成虫诱杀 Adult trapping l 化学防治化学
15、防治 Chemical controll控制虫源及时清除和消毁田边杂草上的虫卵和低龄幼虫。翻土晒田与灌水相结合,减少在土中的蛹和幼虫。人工采卵块或捕捉低龄幼虫。l利用病毒、利用病毒、B.t.制剂和线虫。制剂和线虫。l保护天敌。保护天敌。l利用黑光灯和性诱剂诱杀成虫。利用黑光灯和性诱剂诱杀成虫。l利用糖、醋、酒液加敌百虫诱杀利用糖、醋、酒液加敌百虫诱杀斜纹夜蛾成虫。斜纹夜蛾成虫。l防治时期防治时期Appropriate time:3龄前(龄前(集中为害,未分散前)集中为害,未分散前)Before 3 rd instar larvae.进行挑治。进行挑治。l常用农药常用农药选择高效而对天敌较安全的农药,轮换用药。选择高效而对天敌较安全的农药,轮换用药。5%抑太保或抑太保或5%卡死克乳油卡死克乳油2000-2500倍,倍,10%氯氰菊酯氯氰菊酯1000倍,倍,50%抗虫抗虫922乳油乳油600-800倍。倍。