1、 高中英语语法（二）高中英语语法（二）定语从句定语从句关系词：关系词：引导定语从句的词。它引导定语从句的词。它有三个作用有三个作用先行词：先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词定语从句所修饰的名词或代词或代词在全句中作在全句中作定语的从句定语的从句定语从句概念引导定语从句引导定语从句 代表先行词代表先行词 在从句中作句子成分在从句中作句子成分 知识网络知识网络关系代词关系代词that指物和人指物和人在从句中作主语或宾语在从句中作主语或宾语which指物指物在从句中作主语或宾语在从句中作主语或宾语who指人指人在从句中作主语或宾语在从句中作主语或宾语whom在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语whose指人和物指
2、人和物在从句中作定语在从句中作定语as指物指物在从句中作主语在从句中作主语引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词关系副词关系副词when指时间指时间在从句中作时间状语在从句中作时间状语where指地点指地点在从句中作地点状语在从句中作地点状语why指原因指原因在从句中作原因状语在从句中作原因状语二、夯实基础二、夯实基础1.The girl _is standing next to our teacher is her daughter.2.The girl _our teacher is talking with is a famous singer.3.The girl_ mother i
3、s a teacher can speak English very well.4.I cant find the book _is borrowed from the library.5.I cant find the book _you lent to me.6.This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday.who/thatwhom/that/who/省略省略whosewhich/thatwhich/that/省略省略which/that/省略省略7.The man _ lives next to us is my English teacher
4、.8.The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.9.The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police.10.This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year.11.Those _ made no mistakes in todays exercises please raise your hands.12.Dont go in,this is the
5、 shop _ we have just been _.13.October 1,1949 is the day _ well never forget.who/thatthatthat thatwhowhich/thattowhich/that14.The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.15.The USA is a country _ many different dialects are spoken.16.The reason _ he explained at the mee
6、ting sounds reasonable.17.Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently.18.I saw a house,the windows of _ were broken.19.She has two sons,both of _ graduated from Harvard University.whenwherewhich/thatwherewhichwhom20.Do you have anything to say for yourself?Yes.Th
7、ere is one point _ I must insist on.21.What do you think of teaching,Bob?It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting.22.It was in the village _ he once lived that he got his junior education.23.We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.which/thatwhere
8、wherewhen24.Finally,teachers can choose to assign students group projects,_ they will team up with each other,discuss the problems together and make learning more fun.25.In places such as Hong Kongthe English phrase often replaces the Chinese characters,and this is the reason _ the phrase has been a
9、dded to the dictionary.wherewhy语法填空语法填空 在空白处填入在空白处填入1个适当的单词。个适当的单词。1.(2021全国新高考全国新高考卷卷)I decided that if I learned of a company _ used a lot of plastic,Id send it an email urging it to cut back.that/which真题回顾真题回顾引导定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词为引导定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词为company，故，故填填that或或which。2.(2020全国全国卷卷)Because the m
10、oons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe,China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot _ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.where先行词为先行词为spot，在定语从句中作地点状语，故填，在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。3.(2020全国全国卷卷)In ancient China lived an artist _ paintings were al
11、most lifelike.4.(2020新高考全国新高考全国卷卷)The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane,for example,formed the core collection of the British Museum _ opened in 1759.whose指这位画家的画作，先行词为指这位画家的画作，先行词为artist，引导定语从句并在从句中，引导定语从句并在从句中作定语，故填作定语，故填whose。which/that先行词为先行词为the British Museum，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代，在定语从句中作主语
12、，用关系代词词which或或that。5.(2020新高考全国新高考全国卷卷)The Digital World is a set of volumes _ aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts.that/which先行词为先行词为volumes，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词that或或which。6.(2019
13、全国全国卷卷)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,_ she opened with her late husband Les.7.(2019全国全国卷卷)They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.which引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作在从句中作opened的宾语，先行词为的宾语，先行词为the pet s
14、hop，故用，故用which。that/who引导定语从句引导定语从句,从句中缺主语从句中缺主语,先行词为先行词为masters，故填，故填that/who。8.(2017全国全国卷卷)Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food Like anything,it is possible to have too much of both,_ is not good for the
15、 health.which非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个主句的内容，即非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个主句的内容，即“脂肪和盐两者都可能吃得太多脂肪和盐两者都可能吃得太多”，这对健康不利。在，这对健康不利。在从句中作主语，用从句中作主语，用which。9.(2017全国全国卷卷)But Sarah,_ has taken part in shows along with top models,wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.who非限制性定语从句，补充说明非限制性定语从句，补充说明Sarah；先行词；先行词Sara
16、h是是人，在从句中作主语，故用人，在从句中作主语，故用who引导。引导。10.(2016全国全国卷卷)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,_ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.when非限制性定语从句，先行词是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 the mid-1980
17、s，并在从句，并在从句中作时间状语，故用中作时间状语，故用when。1.要去露营的人请在大门口集合。要去露营的人请在大门口集合。2.失去健康的人就失去了一切。失去健康的人就失去了一切。写作运用写作运用Those who are going camping please gather at the gate.He who loses health loses all.名师指津名师指津3.他的班上有五十个学生，其中大多数是男孩。他的班上有五十个学生，其中大多数是男孩。4.不出所料不出所料,他轻而易举地通过了考试。他轻而易举地通过了考试。5.我们队赢了这场比赛，这使得我们非常高兴。我们队赢了这场比赛，这使得我们非常高兴。There are fifty students in his class,most of whom are boys.As was expected,he passed the exam easily.Our team won the game,which made us very happy.名师指津名师指津
