1、Language pointsLanguage points1.In the eighteenth century,Benjamin 1.In the eighteenth century,Benjamin Franklin Franklin conductedconducted a number ofa number of experiments experiments in which he showed what electricity is.in which he showed what electricity is.conduct vt.The guide The guide con
2、ductedconducted the tourists round the tourists round the museum.the museum.How well does this material How well does this material conduct conduct electricity or heat?electricity or heat?The concert on Saturday evening will The concert on Saturday evening will be be conductedconducted by a world-fa
3、mous by a world-famous conductor.conductor.conductconduct oneself(=behave oneself oneself(=behave oneself)(带领，引导，指导，领导带领，引导，指导，领导）(传导）传导）(指挥）指挥）表现表现,为人为人实施，管理，指挥，引导实施，管理，指挥，引导conduct n.U 行为；操行；经营，管理经营，管理 moral conduct 德行conductor 导体；售票员 conduct/carry out/do/make/performconduct/carry out/do/make/perf
4、orm an experiment an experiment 做试验做试验Attending conferences and meetings is necessary to the conduct of our business.经营，管理经营，管理父母在引导孩子明辨是非上起着重要作用。父母在引导孩子明辨是非上起着重要作用。Parents are playing a very important role in conducting their children what is wrong or right.The number of people invited _ fifty,but
5、a number of them _ absent for different reasons.(全国1996)A.were;was B.was;wasC.was;were D.were;wereC介词介词+关系词关系词1.Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking?2.He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar.3.I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.5.(06浙江浙江)I was given three books on
6、cooking,the first _I really enjoyed.A.of that B.of which C.that D.whichto whomwith whichon whichThis is the child whom/that I will take care of.4.译：这是我要照顾的小孩。译：这是我要照顾的小孩。1.The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross river traffic is the heaviest.(2006 江苏)A.which;where B.at w
7、hich;which C.at which;where D.which;in which2.For many cities in the world,there is no room to spread out further,_ new York is an example.(2008 四川)A.for which B.in which C.of which D.from which2.Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning,I decided to do an experiment.having done是动
8、词是动词-ing-ing形式的完成式形式的完成式,在句中在句中作状语作状语,它表示的动作它表示的动作先于句子谓语动词已经持续先于句子谓语动词已经持续了若干时间或若干次。了若干时间或若干次。其否定形式是其否定形式是not having not having donedone，即在，即在 havinghaving前直接加前直接加notnot。(1)_ in the queue for half an hour,Tom suddenly realized he had left his wallet at home.(北京2004)A.To wait B.Have waitedC.Having wa
9、ited D.To have waitedC C(2):The old man,_ abroad for twenty years,is on the way back to his motherland.(江苏2004)A.to work B.working C.to have worked D.having workedD(3)_ the programme,they have to stay there for another two weeks.(广东2004)A.Not completingB.Not completedC.Not having completedD.Having n
10、ot completedC Cattract 吸引，引诱，引起（兴趣等）这次庆典吸引了大量的中外游客。这次庆典吸引了大量的中外游客。This celebration has attracted a great number of tourists from home and abroad.我设法引起这只小狗的注意，但最终却失败了。I managed/tried/tried my best(hardest/utmost)/spared no effort to attract the dogs attention,but failed after all.这张照片让我回忆起了这个旅游胜地的自然风
11、光。This picture brought back my memories of the natural beauty of the tourist attraction.n.attraction 吸引力 tourist attraction 旅游名胜地attract sb.to sth.究竟是什么吸引你参加这项运动的。What was it that attracted you to the sport.be attracted to 喜欢喜欢adj.attractive=charming=glamorous 有魅力的，有魅力的，吸引人的吸引人的be attracted by 被被所吸引
12、所吸引Im very attracted to her.我非常喜欢她。我非常喜欢她。Despite her disadvantaged ability in sport,she was still attracted by the Olympic Games._ by the beauty of nature，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.(2004辽宁）辽宁）A.Attracting B.Attracted C.To be attracted D.Having attractedB3.Th
13、e kite flew 3.The kite flew highhigh in the rainy sky in the rainy skyhigh-highly deep-deeplyclose-closely wide-widely direct-directly It was raining heavily.Little Mary felt cold,so she stood _ to her mother.(北京 2002)A.close B.closely C.closed D.closingAhighhigh作作adv.adv.时和时和highlyhighly的区别为的区别为:hi
14、gh:high指具指具体意义上的体意义上的”高度高度”,而而highlyhighly则为抽象意义则为抽象意义上的上的”高度高度”.Look！The bird is flying highly in the sky.high他们高度赞扬这份工作。他们高度赞扬这份工作。They speak/think highly of the job.4.The string was getting charged.charge v.给给充电充电,要价，控告，攻击要价，控告，攻击 charge a battery给给充电充电(尤用于被动语态尤用于被动语态)He was charged with murder.指
15、控指控,控告控告They charged me one dollar for a cup of coffee.要价charge sb.with sth/doing sth.由于由于控告某人控告某人charge sb+钱钱+for sth/doing sth因因收费收费The atmosphere was charged with excitement.使充满使充满Our army was violently charged by the enemy.攻击offer sb+钱钱+for sth为某事出价给某人I could hear Willie and his friends charging
16、 down the stairs.猛冲猛冲=rush她的丈夫被指控杀害了她的妹妹。她的丈夫被指控杀害了她的妹妹。Her husband was charged with murdering her sister.这块棒棒糖他们居然要了我这块棒棒糖他们居然要了我2美元。美元。They charged me 2 dollars for this candy bar at all.他准备出价他准备出价300元来买我的表。元来买我的表。He is prepared to offer me 300 yuan for the watch.charge n.价格；控制；犯罪价格；控制；犯罪 Sb.be in
17、 charge of sth./sth.be in the charged of sb.take charge of sth.free of charge免费地负责负责由某人负责五岁以下的儿童可以免费参观。五岁以下的儿童可以免费参观。Children under 5 can pay a visit free of charge.这项任务是由胡老师负责的。这项任务是由胡老师负责的。This task is in the charge of Mr.Hu这次该你负责了。这次该你负责了。This time,you are in charge.get charged 带电了带电了get+动词的过去分词动
18、词的过去分词具有被动意义，多用来表示具有被动意义，多用来表示主语遭受某种损失、伤害等。主语遭受某种损失、伤害等。get get used to doing sthused to doing sth;get caught in;get caught in;getget paid/married/known/burnt/changed paid/married/known/burnt/changed 等等Sarah,hurry up.Im afraid you wont Sarah,hurry up.Im afraid you wont have time to _ before the part
19、y.have time to _ before the party.(全国全国 2004)2004)A.A.get changed B.get change get changed B.get change C.get changing D.get to changeC.get changing D.get to changeA5.This experiment proves that lightning and electricity are the same.prove prove 1):1):vt vt.证明，证实证明，证实The fact The fact provedproved t
20、hat he is a courageous that he is a courageous fighter.fighter.He has He has provedproved his courage in the battle his courage in the battle against his enemy.against his enemy.2):2):prove+prove+宾语宾语+宾补宾补 He proved himself to be a professional athlete.3):prove 做系动词，意为做系动词，意为“被证明是被证明是”，后接，后接adj.或或n.
21、作表语作表语为了证明自己的观点，他作了一个实验。为了证明自己的观点，他作了一个实验。To prove his point,he conducted/carried out/performed/made/did an experiment.prove sthprove sth to sb.to sb.向某人证明向某人证明prove to sb sthprove to sb sth.向某人证明向某人证明He wanted to prove his theory to his He wanted to prove his theory to his teacher.=He wanted to pro
22、ve to his teacher.=He wanted to prove to his teacher his theory.teacher his theory.They say its my fault,so Im going to prove them all wrong.The method proves(to be)effective.He proves a successful manager.prove与与turn outprove“被证明是被证明是”turn out“后来证明是后来证明是”，含有较强的意外之意，含有较强的意外之意He turned out to be self
23、ish.It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.n.proof 证据，证明证据，证明truth,fact,evidenceHowever,as the evidence began to accumulate,experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate,for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.6.I brought my fi
24、nger 6.I brought my finger closeclose to the key to the key and felt a light but very clear and felt a light but very clear electricelectric shockshock.get close to 接近接近get close to natureelectric 与与electricalelectric表示表示“电力的，以电为动力的电力的，以电为动力的”，而，而electrical表示表示“与电有关的与电有关的”，“电气科学的电气科学的”。The boy is pl
25、aying an electric train.Now every room has an electric light.Our classroom are now equipped with electric fans.shockMy brother studies electrical engineering.n.电击；震惊；打击；休克电击；震惊；打击；休克医医；震动；震动The news that his uncle died was a great shock for him.打击打击Chucks death came as a big shock to all of us.震惊，大吃
26、一惊震惊，大吃一惊Several passengers were taken to the hospital to be treated for shock.休克休克Ouch.The wet string gave me a strong electrical shock.电击电击shock v.使使震惊震惊 make someone fell very surprised and upset,and unable to believe what has happened很显然，他的死让全校震惊。很显然，他的死让全校震惊。Obviously,his death shocked the whol
27、e school.shocking与与shockedshocking 令人气愤的令人气愤的shocked 惊愕的，震惊的惊愕的，震惊的+at sth.这种令人气愤的天气真是糟糕。这种令人气愤的天气真是糟糕。This shocking weather is really terrible.许多人都对汤姆的神秘失踪表示震惊。许多人都对汤姆的神秘失踪表示震惊。A large number of people felt shocked at the disappearance of Tom.7.Most kites are made of paper,but a 7.Most kites are ma
28、de of paper,but a kite kite made of silkmade of silk will not will not tear tear so soon so soon in weather with rain and strong winds.in weather with rain and strong winds.made of silk 是动词的是动词的ed分词作定语分词作定语试比较试比较1.The story,written by a young girl,became popular with the young.2.The parents,looking
29、greatly worried,walked up and down the streets.Anyone being fit for this job can sign your name here.Five people won the“Chinas Green Figure”award,a title_ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection.A.Being given B.is given C.given D.was givenCtear vi tore,torn,撕碎，撕裂，撕破撕碎
30、，撕裂，撕破这纸容易撕破。这纸容易撕破。This paper tears easily.tear tear vtvt.扯，撕，划，刺扯，撕，划，刺A nail tore a hole in his shirt.He tore the parcel open and wanted to see whether there was a gift for him.torn 作表语或定语作表语或定语His clothes were torn.He was wearing a torn and dirty shirt.撕破的手帕撕破的手帕a torn handkerchief他的衣服破了。他的衣服破了。
31、他穿着一件又破又脏的衬衣。他穿着一件又破又脏的衬衣。一辆破车一辆破车a torn cartear at tear down tear intotear uptear aparttear in half tear in two 撕扯，撕开撕扯，撕开弄倒，拆除弄倒，拆除攻击，抨击攻击，抨击撕毁（文件等）撕毁（文件等）把把撕成两半撕成两半把把撕成两半撕成两半拆散拆散他用手撕肉。他用手撕肉。He tore at the meat with his bare hands.他在报纸上公开发表文章攻击这位科学家。他在报纸上公开发表文章攻击这位科学家。He tore into the scientist by
32、 means of writing articles in the newspaper.他控告政府撕毁协议。他控告政府撕毁协议。He charged the government with tearing up the agreement.He accused the government of tearing up the agreement.他一气之下就把父母寄来的信撕成了两半。他一气之下就把父母寄来的信撕成了两半。With anger,he tore the letter his parents had sent him in two/in half.重庆正在作旧房改造，我相信不久就会有
33、一副新重庆正在作旧房改造，我相信不久就会有一副新面貌。面貌。People in Chongqing are now tearing down the old houses,so I believe soon it will take on a new look.tear n.tear n.通常用作复数通常用作复数 泪水泪水如果你哭了，谁会为你拭去脸颊上的泪珠。如果你哭了，谁会为你拭去脸颊上的泪珠。If you cry,who will wipe off the tears on your cheek?哭泣哭泣哭了起来哭了起来感动得流泪感动得流泪让某人热泪盈眶让某人热泪盈眶in tearsbur
34、st into tearsmove sb to tearsbring tears to ones eyes这是一个让我们感动得流泪的故事。这是一个让我们感动得流泪的故事。This is a story that moved us to tears.他因为小狗的死去而哭泣。他因为小狗的死去而哭泣。He burst into tears for the death of his puppy.He was in tears over the death of his puppy.8.Add a tail to the frame and tie a long string to the cross
35、so you can control the kite.add vt 加，增加，增添加，增加，增添 add vi“补充说补充说”、“接着说接着说”In some films,he added folk music,which he wrote himself.She added that he should never come to see her again.“At your age you should give all your attention to your studies,”her father added.The visiting Minister expressed his
36、 satisfaction with the talks,_ that he had enjoyed his stay here.(NMET94)A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added C Cadd to add.to.add up add up to 增加增加 把把加到加到 加起来，合计加起来，合计总计；意味着总计；意味着,说明说明 八加六等于十四。八加六等于十四。Six added to eight makes fourteen.坏天气增加了我们的困难。坏天气增加了我们的困难。The bad weather added to our difficu
37、lties.我不愿意给母亲添麻烦我不愿意给母亲添麻烦。I didnt want to add to Mothers trouble.每次我加这些数字，结果都不一样。每次我加这些数字，结果都不一样。Every time I add up these figures,I get a different answer.每月他的收入共计每月他的收入共计2000元。元。His income adds up to 2,000 yuan a month.add fuel to the flames火上加油火上加油added“额外的额外的”，“附加的附加的”，“增添的增添的”I feared making m
38、istakes,and the added pressure caused me to make more than my usual share.(2004年北京卷完形填空年北京卷完形填空)我老担心出错，结果这种额外的压力使我犯的我老担心出错，结果这种额外的压力使我犯的错误比平常犯的还要多错误比平常犯的还要多。add inadd in 包括包括uu通常与通常与ofof或或overover连用，表示连用，表示“对对的控制的控制”controlbeyond controlbeyond control无法控制无法控制 under controlunder control控制中控制中lose con
39、trol oflose control of失去对失去对的控制的控制 be out of controlbe out of control失去控制失去控制in control of in control of 管理管理in the control of in the control of 受受控制控制常用短语常用短语他控制不住自己的感情。他控制不住自己的感情。He has no control over his emotions.他气得无法自制。他气得无法自制。He got so angry that he lost control of himself.别担心，一切皆在控制之下。别担心，一切
40、皆在控制之下。Dont worry;everythings under control.谁负责这项工程？谁负责这项工程？Who is in control of the project?control vt控制控制你管不住那个男孩吗你管不住那个男孩吗?他控制住了怒火，重新解释了一次。他控制住了怒火，重新解释了一次。Cant you control that boy?He controlled his anger and explained it againHuman facial expressions differ from those of Human facial expressions
41、 differ from those of animals in the degree _ they can be animals in the degree _ they can be controlled on purpose.controlled on purpose.（20072007重庆）重庆）A.with whichA.with whichB.to whichB.to which C.of which C.of whichD.for whichD.for which人类和动物面部表情的不同在于人类可以有人类和动物面部表情的不同在于人类可以有意识地控制面部表情的程度意识地控制面部表情
42、的程度。B9.First,fix a sharp piece of metal,pointing a foot or more above the cross,to the top of the longer stick.sharp adj.尖的，尖锐的；锋利的；尖的，尖锐的；锋利的；增加、下降等增加、下降等急急剧的，猛烈的；灵敏的，机灵的剧的，猛烈的；灵敏的，机灵的;明明 显的，清楚的；敏锐显的，清楚的；敏锐的；的；疼痛疼痛急剧的，剧烈的急剧的，剧烈的 adv.整点整点a sharp knife a sharp nosea sharp rise in pricesa sharp contra
43、sta sharp paina sharp criticismkeep a sharp eye on sb 密切注意某人密切注意某人have a sharp tongue 说话尖酸刻薄说话尖酸刻薄at nine at nine sharpsharppoint vi 指；指路；瞄准，对准指；指路；瞄准，对准point at point at point topoint topoint outpoint out指着指着指着指着指出指出He got very angry when she _ _ his mistake.point outThe man _ the guan _ his head.p
44、ointatThere were TV cameras _ us every time we turned around.pointing at/pointing to The manager _ _ there is little evidence to support his theory.pointed outpoint n.观点观点,意见意见,看法看法;时刻时刻,阶段阶段;特点特点,点点,特征特征Whats your point?At this point,we are not planning to hire anyone.Getting along with other peopl
45、e is his strong point.on the point of doing sth.to the point.Good point.I see your point.There is no point(in)doing sth.in the point of factfrom ones point of view10.Fasten a key to the end of the long string.fastenenfastenfastfast adj.&adv.adj.&adv.牢固的，稳固的牢固的，稳固的hold fast to dreams 紧紧抓住梦想紧紧抓住梦想The
46、post is fast in the ground.fasten fasten 使使牢固，固定某物牢固，固定某物fasten sth on/to sthfasten sth on/to sth 把某物固定在另一物上把某物固定在另一物上把门用锁锁好把门用锁锁好FastenFasten a lock a lock on/to on/to the door.the door.请系好安全带请系好安全带Please Please fasten(up)fasten(up)your seat-belts.your seat-belts.fasten,tie,fixtieto tieto 把把系在系在fix
47、tofixto将将固定在固定在fastenon/tofastenon/to把把固定在固定在fixfix 修理；全神关注于修理；全神关注于;确定确定She is now fixing her attention/thoughts on what she is doing.The date for our wedding has been The date for our wedding has been fixedfixed.My watch has stopped-it needs My watch has stopped-it needs fixingfixing.fixedfixed adj.adj.确定不变的确定不变的;坚定的，执着的，固执的坚定的，执着的，固执的fixedfixed prices 固定的价格固定的价格fixedfixed assets 固定资产固定资产
