1、2020年北京市西城区、昌平区中考英语一模试卷一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）从下面各题所给的A、B. C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项1（0.5分）Betty is so happy about having a baby brother She wants to share every toy with （）AhimBherCmeDyou2（0.5分）Mom， which sweater looks better on me？Sweetheart， I think you look nicer red（）AonBforCatDin3（0.5分）_was your tri
2、p to China， Peter？It couldnt have been more wonderful!（）AWhatBWhyCHowDWhen4（0.5分）_ you turn down the TV？Sorry， Ill turn it down now（）ACouldBNeedCMustDShould5（0.5分）She never stops trying， she is making great progress（）AorBbutCandDif6（0.5分）Ben has been in Beijing for years， and he can speak Chinese as
3、_ as the locals（）AgoodBwellCbetterDbest7（0.5分）If there _anything I can do to help，please let me know（）AisBwill beCwasDhas been8（0.5分）David _so hard He is always the first to come and the last to leave（）Awill workBworksCworkedDwas working9（0.5分）I went to your home yesterday afternoon， but nobody was
4、inSorry， we_basketball in the gym at that time（）AplayBwill playCwere playingDhave played10（0.5分）I _that movie several times， and I still want to see it again（）AseeBsawCam seeingDhave seen11（0.5分）Spring Festival _in many countries now（）AcelebratesBis celebratedCwill celebrateDwill be celebrated12（0.5
5、分）Your jacket looks so cool! Can you tell me _？Sure I will send you the shops address later（）Awhere will you buy itBwhere you will buy itCwhere did you buy itDwhere you bought it二、完形填空（共8分，每小题8分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选 项中，选择最佳选项13（8分）A Michigan high school football team came together to
6、surprise their beloved water boy，Robby Heil，who has Down syndrome （唐氏症）Hes a senior school student and has worked as an assistant supplying team drinking water for the schools football team for four yearsThey decided to do something special for Robby，so they designed a（1） just for him Last Friday，th
7、e team put Robby in the game and gave him the ballAs the crowd repeated his name loudly，Robby ran down the field and scored a touchdownRobbys father （2） the moment on his video camera，while his mother fell to her knees with joy as she watched from the sidelines The family was really happy and also s
8、urprised by all of the（3） they have receivedWhen the head coach，Burnside，who planned the whole event，telephoned the coach of the other team，everyone was（4） all for itWhen Robby was scoring，everyone was shouting out his nameAll the players cheered him，including the opposing teamthey even gave Robby a
9、 sports shirt that they all had （5） I think the sportsmanship is the great part， said Burnside The sportsmanship from both sides was just （6） Their coaches were in tears，our coaches were in tearsWhen they watched the game，their （7） also had signs with Robbys numbers up wRobby is just a great kidHe（8
10、） a lot to the kids， Burnside added I am hoping that everybody can learn from himIve learned more from him than he has from me in the past four years （1）AcourseBgameCschoolDteam（2）AenjoyedBimaginedCrecordedDchose（3）AsupportBadviceCexpectationsDcomplaints（4）AprobablyBsecretlyCnervouslyDimmediately（5）
11、AneededBwornCwashedDsigned（6）ApopularBlimitedCamazingDdifferent（7）AstandsBcomputersCroomsDbooks（8）AreadsBmeansCsendsDspeaks阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选择最佳选项（共26分，每小题6分）14（6分）Every year，many inventions are introduced to the worldSome help us solve problemsOthers make life easier
12、，or more funHere are four of last years best inventions LUMI was designed for music lovers We hope that LUMI can help people who have just started learning how to play music， says the inventor Will MacNamaraThe small Eumi keyboard lights up，allowing users to know which keys to pressAnd with the LUMI
13、 app，users can learn their favorite songs Millions of people around the world have to face the problem of unsafe foodMarc Oshima says his indoor farming technology can helpInstead of growing in dirt，crops grow in reusable clothThe plants are watered with mistThis requires 95% less water than field f
14、arming For people who are blind，the ORCAM MYEYE 2 could be a game changerIt might also prove useful for people with reading difficultiesDescribed as utalking glasses，it can read text aloudAmnon Shashua invented the technology Christine Schindler is an engineerShe wanted to help stop the spread of fo
15、odborne illnesses f so she created PATHSPOTIt uses light to scan （扫描）a persons hands for harmful germsRestaurant workers hold their hands under the scannerThen the scanner decides whether they should be rewashed（1）LUMI was designed for Aindoor farmersBmusic loversCblind peopleDrestaurant workers（2）W
16、ho is the inventor of the ORCAM MYEYE 2？ AWill MacNamaraBMarc OshimaCAmnon ShashuaDChristine Schindler（3）Where can we probably read this passage？ AA medical websiteBA travel guideCA school noticeDA science magazine15（6分）This Family Keeps Their Community Warm by Cutting Firewood for Those in Need Was
17、hington is home to lots of treesit is the Evergreen State，after all and it has lots of fireplaces and woodburning heaters tooBut what if you lived there and couldnt cut wood or couldnt afford to pay someone to do it？Luckily，Shane McDaniel and his twin sons，Harrison and Henry McDaniel，are happy to he
18、lpThe three men cut truckloads of wood一then give it to those in need The idea actually started as a fatherson relationship project，Shane told msncom I cut wood with my dadHe just loved doing it， said ShaneHe wanted to pass along that feeling，so he and the twins spent the summer cuttingThe result was
19、 a great wall of wood piled up （堆积）around their houseTo buy that much it would cost about 10，000 It was too much for the McDaniels to use themselves，and when the weather turned cold that November，Shane started thinking of othersHe posted online： IF YOU ARE IN NEED OF FIREWOOD AND CANNOT AFFORD IT，PL
20、EASE PM personal message ME! If you know someone who BURNS WOOD，please help me and my boys make sure NO ONE GOES COLD IN OUR NEIGHBORHOOD The response （反应）was immediateOne man offered to donate （捐赠）a woodburning stoveOthers raced over to Shanes house with more woodOne woman，noticing the photo of the
21、 McDaniels，started to feel warm in other ways： I dont need the woodBut I am truly happy for what you have done! Single mom Katelyn Ticer，29，and her fouryearold daughter depended on a woodburning stove as their only way of heat，so it was so good to receive a truckload of firewood from the McDaniels T
22、o get that much wood brought me to tears， she told msncom So much stress and worry is off my shouldersI couldnt be more thankful Shane is ready to help more people Giving is the reward，he said It has nothing to do with how well its received；its about how much its needed（1）What did Shane and his sons
23、 do to help their neighbors？ AThey gave firewood to those in needBThey bought woodburning stovesCThey raised about 10，000 dollarsDThey paid someone to cut wood（2）What happened after Shane posted messages online？ AHis family received lots of presentsBSome people quickly offered to helpCLots of wood p
24、iled up around their houseDThe weather suddenly turned freezing cold（3）What did Shane think of what he had done to help others？ ABeing needed drives us to giveBLove is not giving but receivingCHelping others is just helping ourselvesDIts better to help people fish than to give them fish16（6分）It Is N
25、ever Too Early to Thinkand Communicatelike a Scientist Who is a scientist and what is his job？ A chemist doing experiments？ A geologist out studying rocks？ When most people think about science， they imagine characters making discoveries or finding cures （治疗方法）for new diseases However， these leave ou
26、t an extremely important part of the scientific process： communicating一sharing the results of that work Imagine if someone discovered something important about a diseaseOther scientists need to understand the work well enough to use these new developments to make even more discoveries in the futureT
27、he public， too， needs to understand how these discoveries might influence their livesBut none of this will be possible if the work is not shared Being a scientist goes far beyond the moment of discovery Without clear communication，scientists would not be able to use the work that has already been do
28、neSo how do scientists tell others about the work that they have done？ How do they make sure that everything that they share is as clear and correct as possible？ Researchers publish their work in scientific journals （期刊）These journals can be read by other researchers around the world It is very impo
29、rtant for these journals， and for the scientists who read them，to make sure that the research included is as correct as possible In order to do that， articles given to scientific journals before publication first go through a process called peer reviewOther scientists who do research in areas relate
30、d to the work in an article are asked to read through itScientists also provide feedback to the writers They bring up new questions the writer may not have considered， recognize limitations to the results being described， and also make sure that no mistakes were made during the process Frontiers for
31、 Young Minds is a scientific journal written forand reviewed by young people All of the articles in it are based on works already published in a peer reviewed scientific journal However， while scientists are good at making sure that articles are understandable for other scientists，there are no bette
32、r experts to make sure that something can be understood by young people than the young people themselves By working together with an experts young reviewers read the article to see if any part of the article is hard to understands make it clear why the experiment was done in the way it was done）and
33、check whether the figures （数据）clearly explain the point of the article Basically， these young reviewers learn to think like scientists It is never too early to start! Ask questions， learn new things， and dont forget the importance of communicating your findings（1）What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？ AW
34、hat is required to be a good scientistBWho should understand a scientists jobCWhy sharing the results of scientific work is importantDHow scientists make sure their work is clear and correct（2）From the passage we can know that Ascientists are good at working together with othersByoung people usually
35、 enjoy reading scientific journalsCin peer review， other scientists bring up questions to readersDyoung reviewers help make articles in Frontiers for Young Minds more readable（3）What is the writers main purpose in writing this passage？ ATo introduce how scientists do their jobsBTo offer practical ad
36、vice on how to ask scientific questionsCTo explain the effects of peer review on scientific journalsDTo encourage young people to think and excommunicate like scientists17（8分）Why Wisdom （智慧）Doesnt Work as Well as We Think It Does We relate wisdom to age Most of us believe that gaining wisdom is like
37、 picking up stones on a path： the longer youre on the path， the more stones youll collect It seems a reasonable inference， then， the older you are， the more wisdom you have Older people usually make fewer careless mistakes， and they often know the best course of action in a given situation But I thi
38、nk theres another explanation at play here， which we might consider in the light of what we know about human decisionmaking There are two different ways of decisionmaking： plans and habits Heres an example of how these ways differ If you5re driving somewhere for the first time， youll need a plan You
39、 will need to know whether to turn left or right， because you dont already have that information stored away in your head On the other hand， you dont need a plan when youre going somewhere familiar （熟悉的） because the order of steps that will take you there is stored as a habit But if you find that th
40、e road is blocked by fallen trees， youll have to think about another way Such a plan allows you to more easily deal with new situations， but they require a lot more attention The use of plans and habits changes over the course of our lives A baby cant use habits to make decisions， because any situat
41、ion she5s in will be a new one As we buildup a store of familiar situations， the more we can depend on habits The older you are， the more likely your behavior is based on tried andtrue habits rather than fresh planning But what does this tell us about wisdom？ Well， it suggests that wisdom is interac
42、tive， not static： it is a relationship between a person and their surroundings （环境），The reason that wisdom seems to come out so effortlessly from wellseasoned minds is that they have a store of habitual information about how to act in a given situation But it also makes a worrying prediction： if old
43、er people were put in a new situation， with which they had no familiarity， they wouldnt make better decisions than someone who is young It is the same with mistakes Older， seemingly wiser people make fewer mistakes because theyre familiar with surroundings they often deal with If you controlled for
44、the familiarity of the situation， then people in different age groups would probably make the same number of mistakes Younger people might even make fewer mistakes， because they are better at coming up with fresh plans While wisdom gives you expertise within a particular environment， it doesnt mean
45、that youll be able to generalize that to new experiences Its not that we necessarily get wiser as we get older， but we put ourselves in fewer situations where we are likely to make mistakes（1）What do we know about the two ways of decisionmaking according to the passage？ AUsing plans or habits to mak
46、e decisions is an everchanging processBThe use of plans and habits requires lots of attention and effortCWhen going somewhere familiar， we need to work out a planDYounger people depend more on habits to make decisions，（2）What can we learn from the passage？ AYounger people have a great advantage in becoming wiserBOlder people are better at making careful plans before actionCOlder people seem wiser because theyve stored more habitu
