1、高中英语语法高中英语语法 主谓一致主谓一致 富源县第一中学 高二英语组 李春Proof-reading:1.The man who stand over there is his father.2.On the top of the mountain stand a tree.3.50%of the students agrees with him.4.Half of the money his father gave him have run out.主谓一致即谓语动词的数必须和主语的主谓一致即谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和人称和数数一致。一致。什么是主谓一致？什么是主谓一致？I am a
2、teacher She often does her homework in the morning.There is only one box on the table.There are 50 students in our class.但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般要根据语法一致（从前原则）意义要根据语法一致（从前原则）意义一致就近原则一致就近原则一、语法一致原则一、语法一致原则一般来说，语法形式是单数的主语，一般来说，语法形式是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式，语法形式是复谓语动词用单数形式
3、，语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。E g:E g:（1 1）The bookThe book isis interesting.interesting.（2 2）WeWe love love our our motherlandmotherland.二、二、意义一致原则意义一致原则主、谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决主、谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。主语定，而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。主语形式虽为单数，但在意义上却为复数，谓语动形式虽为单数，但在意义上却为复数，谓语动词应采取复数形式，主语形式虽为复数，但
4、在词应采取复数形式，主语形式虽为复数，但在意义上视为单数，谓语动词应采取单数形式。意义上视为单数，谓语动词应采取单数形式。E gE g（1 1）The The family family werewere fighting for fighting for their lives.their lives.这家人正为生存而战斗。这家人正为生存而战斗。（2 2）Three years in a strange landThree years in a strange land seems like a long time.seems like a long time.在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的
5、时间。在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时间。三、就近原则三、就近原则谓语动词根据它前面最邻近的名词或代谓语动词根据它前面最邻近的名词或代词或其他词的数的形式，来决定其自身词或其他词的数的形式，来决定其自身的数的形式。的数的形式。E g(1)Not only his children but also he himself wants to go there.(2)Either my wife or I am going to work there.就近原则的使用情况：就近原则的使用情况：当作主语的两个名词或代词由当作主语的两个名词或代词由or,eitheror,eitheror,neithero
6、r,neithernor,nor,whetherwhetheroror.not only not only but alsobut also，notnotbutbut连接时连接时;在在there bethere be./here./here bebe句型中句型中(1)There _a lamp,two pens and three books on the desk.(2)Here _some envelopes and paper for you.(3)Not only his family but also he _(喜欢）喜欢）Chaplins movies.(4)You or I _
7、going to receive them this afternoon.isarelikesam5.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.A.is B.are C.am D.be6.There _ in this room.A.are too much furniture B.is too many furnituresC.are too much furnitures D.is too much furniture7.Neither Tom nor his pare
8、nts _ at home.a.is b.are c.has d.was8.Either the dean or the principal _ the meeting.a.attends b.attend c.are attending d.have attended9._ was wrong.a.Not the teacher but the students b.Both the students and the teacherc.Neither the teacher not the students d.Not the students but the teacher有有 连接并列主
9、语时连接并列主语时,采采取从前原则取从前原则.3)He,like you and your brother,_ very clever.(be)4)The teacher,including his students,_going to see Professor Tell.(be)5)Mary,together with his sisters _ gone back.(have)arewasishashas1.An expert,together with some assistants,_ to help in this work.A.was sent B.were sent C.sen
10、ding D.are sending2._ either he or I fit for the job?Neither he nor you _.A.Am;are B.Is;are C.Are;are D.Is;is3.Nothing but cars _ in the shop.A.is sold B.are soldC.were sold D.are going to sell4.A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift.A.is offered B.have offered C.are offered D.
11、has offered5.Not only the whole nation,but the whole Europe,indeed the whole human society _ to alter its attitude to racial problems.a.need b.needs c.has a need d.have a need6.To tell you the truth,I,as well as the other students,_ hungry.A.sure am B.am sure C.sure are D.are sure1.A poet and a nove
12、list have visited our school.2.Wu Dong and Wu Xi _ twin brother.(be)are1.The singer and the dancer _ come to the meeting.A.has B.have C.areD.is2.The secretary of the Party branch and the director of that factory often _with the workers.A.works B.workC.is workingD.are working 3)A journalist and autho
13、r _(live)in the house 4)The doctor and professor _(be)coming at once.livesis1.The League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A.beB.was C.are D.were2.Wisky and soda _ his favorite drink.a.is b.arec.were d.have been3.Light and heat _often sent out together with heavy smoke.A.
14、is B.was C.are D.being4._ was wrong.a.Not the teacher but the students b.Both the students and the teacherc.Neither the teacher not the students d.Not the students but the teachereveryand(every);each and(each);no and(no);many a and(many a);连接两个单数名连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。1.Every desk and e
15、very chair _ made of wood.(be)2.Many a boy and girl _made the same mistake.(have)3.No boy and no girl _(be)in the classroom.4.Many a student _ (like)pop songs.ishasislikes1.Each man and woman _ the same rights.a.has b.have c.had d.is having2.Many a student _ the importance of learning a foreign lang
16、uage.a.have realizedb.has realized c.have been realizedd.has been realized3.No chair and no desk _ permitted to be taken away from the reading room.A.are B.wereC.isD.be4.Many a father _learnt to his sorrow what it is to have a son who tells lies.A.have B.isC.are D.has5.Every man,woman and child _ so
17、me history,enough at least,to survive in the world.a.knows b.know c.is known d.are known1.More than one worker _ dismissed.a.have been b.arec.has been d.has2.More than one graduate _ sent to the hardest place since 1979.A.is B.are C.has been D.have beenthe majority of,is1._ of the land in that distr
18、ict _ covered with trees and grass.A.Two fifth,is B.Two fifth,areC.Two fifths,is D.Two fifths,are2.I have finished a large part of the book;the rest _more difficult.A.is B.are C.was D.were 3.Most of his savings _ in the Xin Hua Bank.a.has been kept b.is being kept c.have kept d.have been kept4.The m
19、ajority of the damage _ easy to repair.a.is b.arec.were d.be5.The majority of doctors _ smoking is harmful to health.a.are believedb.had believed c.has believed d.believe6.Three-fourths of the buildings _.a.was destroyed b.is destroyedc.were destroyed d.has been destroyedone/every one/each/either/ne
20、ither/the other/another/不定不定代词代词（anybody/somebody/everybody/nobody/）the number+of+复数复数名词作主语名词作主语,谓语谓语动词用单数动词用单数。Each of the students has(have)a book.Neither of them has(have)told me.Either of the answers is(be)right.1.They each _ a new dictionary.A.has B.have C.isD.are2.Each of you _responsible for
21、the accident.a.am b.be c.is d.are3.Each of the students in our class _great interest in English and they each _ a copy of New English-Chinese Dictionary.A.shows；haveB.have；hasC.is；have D.takes；has4.The two sisters are forced to play the piano.In fact，neither of them _ to play it.A.likeB.likedC.likes
22、D.liking 5.Nobody but his family _the secret.A.know B.are known C.have known D.knewone and a half做主语时，谓做主语时，谓语动词用做单数。语动词用做单数。One and a half years has passed.One and a half apples has rotted away.1.“_ twenty dollars a big sum to her?”“I suppose so.”a.Will be b.Is c.Are d.Were2.Three hours _ enough fo
23、r us to finish the task.a.are b.has c.is d.were算术中的动词单复数都可算术中的动词单复数都可以以,多用单数。多用单数。Two and two makes/make four.Three times three is nine.isare/wereishavearefeedhave1.Cattle _ on the hillside.a.grazes b.is grazing c.was grazing d.were grazing2.The youth of China today _ trying their best to study mode
24、rn science and technology.A.is B.wasC.wereD.are2)The rich _(be)for the plan,but the poor against it.are1.The wounded _ by the hospital.A.have been taken in B.has been taken inC.have taken inD.has taken in2.In that country,the rich _ richer,the poor,poorer.a.become b.has become c.becomes d.is becoming1、He is one of the students who are modest.2、He is the only one of the students who is modest.3、All those who want to go on a journey,please sign your names here.在定语从句中，谓语动词总在定语从句中，谓语动词总是与先行词保持一致。是与先行词保持一致。
