1、Lesson 90Whats for supper?单词讲解单词讲解 chip overfish giant terrify diver oil rig n.油煎土豆片油煎土豆片 v.过度捕捞过度捕捞 adj.巨大的巨大的 v.吓，使恐怖吓，使恐怖 n.潜水员潜水员 石油钻塔石油钻塔 wit cage shark whale variety cod skate factor crew n.（复数）理智，头脑（复数）理智，头脑 n.笼笼 n.鲨鱼鲨鱼 n.鲸鲸 n.品种品种 n.鳕鳕 n.鳐鳐 n.因素因素 n.全体工作人员全体工作人员overfish v.过度捕捞过度捕捞 over 做前缀，表
2、示做前缀，表示“过度的过度的”打扮的过了份打扮的过了份 overdressed 我把饭做糊了。我把饭做糊了。I overcook the rice.你过分了。你过分了。You overdid it.giant giant （1 1）adj.adj.巨大的巨大的 giant=huge quantity giant=huge quantity big/large/great/huge/immense/fantastic big/large/great/huge/immense/fantastic tremendous adj.tremendous adj.巨大的（大的让人不相信，惊讶）巨大的（大的
3、让人不相信，惊讶）enormous adj.enormous adj.巨大的（大的让人不相信，惊讶）巨大的（大的让人不相信，惊讶）This is a tremendous shoe.This is a tremendous shoe.This is tremendous and enormous.This is tremendous and enormous.（2 2）n.n.（故事或（故事或传说传说等）等）巨人、巨人、大汉大汉 Jack saw the giant climbing down the Jack saw the giant climbing down the beanstalk
4、 beanstalk （3 3）n.n.伟人、大人物伟人、大人物 He is the giant in the field of electronics.He is the giant in the field of electronics.terrify v.吓，使恐怖吓，使恐怖、使受、使受惊吓（主语是吓人者，惊吓（主语是吓人者，宾语是被吓者）宾语是被吓者）terrify sb 惊吓惊吓某人、某人、威胁威胁(某人某人)他的突然出現，吓坏了他们他的突然出現，吓坏了他们。His sudden appearance terrified them.be terrified of 害怕害怕.,恐惧恐惧
5、.孩子们害怕被骂孩子们害怕被骂。The children were terrified of being scolded.be terrified by /be terrified at 被被吓一跳吓一跳 他的突然出现他的突然出现使使他们都吓坏了他们都吓坏了。They were terrified by his sudden appearance.They were terrified at his sudden appearance.fear/be afraid of fear/be afraid of 害怕害怕（主语（主语是人）是人）frighten/scare frighten/scar
6、e 吓了一跳（主语是吓了一跳（主语是物，吓了一跳，但很快就恢复了平静，主物，吓了一跳，但很快就恢复了平静，主语是吓人者，宾语是被吓者）语是吓人者，宾语是被吓者）You frighten me.You frighten me.你吓了我一跳你吓了我一跳 diver n.潜水员潜水员、跳水、跳水选手选手 dive n.vi.跳水，跳水，潜水潜水；俯冲俯冲，扑扑 从桥上跳入从桥上跳入河河中中 dive from the bridge into the river dive for（为寻找为寻找或取或取）潜潜水水 他们潜水他们潜水去去捞牡蛎捞牡蛎 They dived down for oysters.
7、dive into (突然突然)投入投入,跳入、跳入、潜心潜心研究研究 他潜心他潜心研究研究中国的历史中国的历史。He dived into the history of China.oil（1）n.油油 食食用油用油 cooking oil pour oil on the flame（2）n.油油画颜画颜料料 画油画画油画 paint in oils（3）v.在在.注注（涂涂）油）油 给钟加油给钟加油 oil a clock wit （1）n.（复数）理智，头脑（复数）理智，头脑（wits）他反应敏锐他反应敏锐 He has quick wits.他他在紧急情况中在紧急情况中缺少缺少临机应变
8、临机应变的能力。的能力。He lacked the wits to see what to do in the emergency.（2）机智、聪明机智、聪明（u）他的演讲充滿了机智和幽默他的演讲充滿了机智和幽默。His speech was full of wit and humor.live by ones wits 靠小聪明过日子靠小聪明过日子 out of ones wits 失去理智失去理智 variety n.多样化多样化 他过着丰富多彩的生活他过着丰富多彩的生活 He lives a life full of variety.a variety of 种种种种，多种多样多种多样的
9、的 地球上有各种不同的人。地球上有各种不同的人。There are a wide variety of people on the earth.variety show （英）（英）综艺节目综艺节目 variety store （美）（美）杂货杂货店店 various adj.（1）形形色色的、形形色色的、种种种种的的 来自各国来自各国的代表的代表 representatives from various countries（2）许许多的、好多的、好几个几个的（的（无比较级变化无比较级变化）factor（）（）n.（造成某（造成某结果结果的）的）因素因素、要素、要素 造成造成纠纷纠纷的主要因素
10、的主要因素就是钱就是钱 Money is the main factor that caused the dispute.诚信是他成功的因素之一诚信是他成功的因素之一。Honesty is one factor for his success.（2）n.因数因数、因子、因子 crew n.（船、船、飞机飞机、火、火车车等的）等的）全体工全体工作人员作人员（集体名词集体名词）The crew is large.The crew of the jet are 30 in all.The plane had seventy passengers and a crew of ten.crew cut
11、小平头小平头 staff n.办公室的全体工作人员办公室的全体工作人员 crew 和和staff 属于集合名词，可能会做单数，属于集合名词，可能会做单数，可能会做复数。可能会做复数。special （1）adj.特殊的，特别的，独特的特殊的，特别的，独特的He received special care while in Paris.（2）adj.专门的，特制的，专用的专门的，特制的，专用的Special cages are made to protect them from giant fish.Fish and chips has always been a favorite dish i
12、n Britain,but as the oceans have been overfished,fish has become more and more expensive.fish and chips（鱼和炸土豆片，传统英国食鱼和炸土豆片，传统英国食物，是一道菜）被看作是一个整体，因此，物，是一道菜）被看作是一个整体，因此，虽然虽然 chips 是复数形式，它后面却要跟动词是复数形式，它后面却要跟动词的单数形式。的单数形式。dish 在这里指在这里指“一盘菜一盘菜”或或“菜肴菜肴”、“食品食品”：I like French dishes.我喜欢（吃）法国菜。我喜欢（吃）法国菜。Would
13、 you like a sweet dish?您要一盘您要一盘甜食吗？甜食吗？more and more 越来越越来越（多音节用（多音节用more and more 加原级）加原级）more and more interesting I love you more and more each day as time goes by.随着时间的流逝我每一天越来越爱你。随着时间的流逝我每一天越来越爱你。fatter and fatter 越来越胖（单音节直接加越来越胖（单音节直接加er,然后用然后用and 连接）连接）So it comes as a surprise to learn that
14、giant fish are terrifying the divers on North Sea oil rigs.North Sea 北海北海 it comes as a surprise+to do sth./that 某事令人惊讶某事令人惊讶 It comes as a surprise that it rains/snows.It comes as a surprise to have four lessons in three hours.令人吃惊的表达：令人吃惊的表达：to ones surprise The most surprising thing about it is t
15、hat get a surprise What a surprise it is It comes as a surprise+to do sth./that Oil rigs have to be repaired frequently and divers,who often have to work in darkness a hundred feet under water,have been frightened out of their wits by giant fish bumping into them as they work.be frightened out of th
16、eir wits 被嚇暈了、被被嚇暈了、被吓得惊惶失措吓得惊惶失措 bump into bump into 碰上，撞上碰上，撞上 Wandering in darkness,the drunk bumped into a policeman.那醉汉在黑夜中闲荡时撞到了一个警察的身上。那醉汉在黑夜中闲荡时撞到了一个警察的身上。偶然遇见，碰见（多用于口语）偶然遇见，碰见（多用于口语）I bumped into Jane at the conference.我开会时碰见了简我开会时碰见了简 Now they have had special cages made to protect them fr
17、om these monsters.have sth done get sth done 让別人做某让別人做某事事 protect sb.from+n.保护保护使之不受使之不受侵害（侵害（protect常与常与from或或against连用）连用）This coat will protect you against the cold.He tried to protect the child from the rain/the dog.The fish are not sharks or killer whales,but favorite eating varieties like cod
18、and skate which grow to unnatural sizes,sometimes as much as twelve feet in length.notbut 不是不是而是而是 eating adj.供食用的；宜生食的供食用的；宜生食的 favourite eating variety 深受人们喜爱的食用深受人们喜爱的食用的品种的品种 Eating corn is quite sweet.食用玉米很香甜。食用玉米很香甜。These are eating apples,and those are cooking apples/ones.这些是生吃的苹果，那些是烹饪用的苹果。这
19、些是生吃的苹果，那些是烹饪用的苹果。grow to 长到长到 as much as 像像一样（最大限度）一样（最大限度）+数字数字 as much as five meters tall as far as+从句从句 as far as I could get 长宽高深的表达方式长宽高深的表达方式 数词数词+量词量词+adj.two feet deep 数词数词+量词量词+in+名词名词 long-length ；high-height ；wide width ；deep-depth two feet in depth Three factors have caused these fish
20、to grow so large:cause+n.to do 成为成为原因原因 旱灾造成植物死亡旱灾造成植物死亡 The drought caused the plants to die.cause+n.导致导致 是什么使他生病是什么使他生病？What caused his sickness？事故是由于粗心大意而引起的。事故是由于粗心大意而引起的。The accident is caused by carelessness cause sb sth cause sth to sb 引导某人引导某人、某事某事 他带给父母许多麻烦。他带给父母许多麻烦。He caused his parents a
21、 lot of trouble.He caused a lot of trouble to his parents the warm water round the hot oil pipes under the sea;the plentiful supply of food thrown overboard by the crews on the rigs;overboard adv.（自船上（自船上、岸上、岸上）到水中到水中 fall overboard 从从船上落水、船上落水、从火车从火车上掉下來上掉下來 plentiful adj.丰富丰富的、很多的（的、很多的（反义词反义词scar
22、ce）水供应充足水供应充足 a plentiful supply of water plenty n.plenty of 大量的大量的 通常用通常用于于肯定句中肯定句中 否定句、否定句、疑问句则疑问句则用用enough,much,many throw sth.overboard=throw away 扔掉扔掉 throw the rubbish overboard the total absence of fishing boats around the oil rigs.total在这里表示在这里表示“完全的，彻底的完全的，彻底的”（相当于（相当于complete）His letter is
23、 a total surprise to her.That girl is a total stranger to me.absence of 缺少缺少，不存在不存在 These plants dont grow well because of the absence of rain/sunshine.total absence of 完全没有完全没有 total absence of mind 心不在焉心不在焉 The total absence of mind caused him to fail the exam.the total absence of order 没有秩序没有秩序 A
24、s a result,the fish just eat and eat and grow and grow in the lovely warm water.as a result=so 结果是，因此结果是，因此 他没有努力学习数学，因此他没有通过考试。他没有努力学习数学，因此他没有通过考试。He didnt work hard at mathematics.As a result,he failed in the examination.as a result of 因为因为（because of）由由于于交通阻塞交通阻塞,他他迟到迟到了。了。He was late as a result
25、 of the traffic jam.eat and eat and grow and grow 我我们们等了又等。等了又等。We waited and waited.【Special Difficulties】被看作整体的、用被看作整体的、用and连接的两个名词连接的两个名词 当主语是当主语是and连接的两个名词时，谓语通常用复数形式：连接的两个名词时，谓语通常用复数形式：An umbrella and a suitcase are still needed.有些名词由于经常在一起连用，就把它们看成一个整体有些名词由于经常在一起连用，就把它们看成一个整体（或一个单位），因而成了一种复合名词
26、。它们不仅有（或一个单位），因而成了一种复合名词。它们不仅有固定的词序，且后面的谓语动词通常要用单数形式。这固定的词序，且后面的谓语动词通常要用单数形式。这类复合名词有：类复合名词有：bacon and eggs（咸肉和鸡蛋），（咸肉和鸡蛋），bread and butter（面包和黄油），（面包和黄油），cheese and wine（奶酷和葡萄酒），（奶酷和葡萄酒），fish and chips（鱼和油炸土豆（鱼和油炸土豆片），片），a knife and fork（一副刀叉），（一副刀叉），sausage(s)and mash（香肠和土豆泥）。通常被作为单数看待的（香肠和土豆泥）。通常被作为单数看待的有一道菜和一套东西。有一道菜和一套东西。Fish and chips is a popular meal in Britain.如果把两个名词看成是分开的东西，动词就要用复数：如果把两个名词看成是分开的东西，动词就要用复数：Fish and chips make a good meal.
