1、A组 20152019年河南中考题组,Passage 1(2019河南,D) A proverb is a short, well-known saying that expresses a common truth or belief. Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old. In American history, Benjamin Franklin was a scientist, inventor and writer as well as a leader of the American Revoluti
2、on. 1 Franklin wrote a book called “Poor Richards Almanac”. 2 Some of them are still used today, like this one:“Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” Franklin is also remembered for other proverbs like,“A penny saved is a penny earned.” 3 Here are other examples of p
3、roverbs that Americans use. The first ones are about love. Some people say, “All,is fair in love and war.”They mean that anything you do in a relationship or in battle is acceptable. 4 In other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that per-son. Here is a
4、nother popular saying about love:“The way to a mans heart is through his stomach.”Some people believe that a woman can win a mans love if she prepares his favorite foods.,“ 5 ”This proverb is true in love and war or other situations. It means that what you do is more important than what you say. We
5、have to stop here, so we must say,“All good things must come to an end.”,根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A.Actions speak louder than words. B.Another proverb says “Love is blind.” C.He was also famous for his proverbs. D.This means that money should not be wasted. E.He included many pro
6、verbs that he had heard or created. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.,答案,语篇解读 本文为说明文,介绍了几个美国人常用的谚语。 1.C 根据本段的前一句可知,在美国历史上,本杰明富兰克林是一名科学家、发明家、作家,也是美国革 命的领袖,此处表示“他也因他的谚语而著名”,故选C项。 2.E 根据下文“Some of them are still used today”可知,他的书里包括了许多他听过的或创造的谚语,故选 E项。 3.D 根据上文“A penny saved is a penny earned.”可知此处应该选择“这意味着钱不应该被浪费”,故选 D项
7、。 4.B 空格处下一句意为“换句话说,当你爱上某人的时候,你可能会拒绝去看有关那个人的一切不好的事,情。”,由此可知爱情是盲目的,故选B项。 5.A 本段最后一句意为“这意味着你做的比说的更重要。”,由此可知应该选择A项(行动胜于雄辩)。,Passage 2(2018河南,D) Dear Linda, 1 As I told you yesterday, I am in Rome today. Tomorrow we are getting the train down into the south of the coun- try and then the ship across to G
8、reece. 2 We started in England and we spent two days in London and another day in Canterbury. We saw a lot of great history and the only bad thing was the weatherit rained for the whole time we were there. Can you believe it? 3 Well, I have to say I prefer the American Disneyland. But we met some ni
9、ce people from Canada and spent two great days with them. One of them,Clive,is going to your university next year. Hows that for a coincidence(巧 合)! 4,After that, we went south into Switzerland. It was very expensive and we couldnt stay as long as we wanted to, so thats why were in Italy now! 5 See
10、you soon. Mike 根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A.OK, thats enough from me for now. I want to post this letter now so you can get it by the weekend. B.I cant wait to arrive in Athens to see all that history. Let me tell you something about where we have visited so far. I know you want to
11、 come here on vacation too one day!,C.Clive and his wife left us once we got to Germany by train. They went up into Denmark but we continued to Munich. Wowwhat a great city! I bought you a surprise gift there. I hope you like it. D.At least when we got to Paris, the sun was shining! We only stayed f
12、or one afternoon in the French capital be- cause my friends really wanted to visit Euro Disney which is to the east of Paris. E.How are things with you?It was great talking to you yesterday by phone. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.,答案,语篇解读 本文是一封Mike写给Linda的信,向她介绍了自己旅途中的见闻。 1.E 下文“As I told you yesterday”与E选项中的“talki
13、ng to you yesterday”对应。另外,“How are things with you?”是常见的书信和对话的问候语,通常放在书信和对话的开头,故选E。 2.B 上文说.the ship across to Greece(坐船去希腊)与B项中的cant wait to arrive in Athens(迫不及待去雅 典)相对应,下文中的“saw a lot of great history”与B选项中的“see all that history”对应,故选B。 3.D 下文中的“prefer the American Disneyland”与D选项中的“visit Euro Di
14、sney”对应,故选D。 4.C 上文中提到Clive这个人物,C选项解释说明 Clive and his wife的活动,故选C。 5.A thats enough和 post this letter都是结束语的表达,故选A。,长难句 We only stayed for one afternoon in the French capital because my friends really wanted to visit Euro Disney which is to the east of Paris.我们在法国首都只停留了一个下午,因为我的朋友们真的很想参观位于巴黎东 部的欧洲迪士尼
15、。 本句是主从复合句。句中含有由连词because引导的原因状语从句,在这个原因状语从句中含有一个由 which引导的定语从句,修饰先行词Euro Disney。,知识拓展 at least至少;so far到目前为止 词汇积累 coincidence n.巧合;Munich n.慕尼黑,Passage 3(2017河南,D) Starting high school is a great experience for any teenager. Whether you are coming from a middle school (grades six through eight)or a
16、 junior high school(grades seven through nine), there are many things about high school that are different from your old school environment. 1 You will face being in a new school, making new friends in an unfamiliar class and getting to know new teach- ers. These new teachers will usually have highe
17、r academic(学术的)levels than your middle and junior-high school teachers. 2 In return, they expect you to work hard and develop your skills. On top of all this, peer pressure(同伴压力)to drink and smoke often increases in high school. 3 Although there is a lot of pressure, it is nothing you cannot deal wi
18、th. If you are feeling pressure to do something that you feel is wrong, talk to a friend, parent, or counselor to find a solution(解决). 4 If you are not suc- ceeding academically, find someone to help you. If you feel lonely, try to join a school club or group to make new friends. 5 With time, you wi
19、ll come to be thankful for everything about your experience. On the point of starting,your high school, are you ready? 根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A.You will experience many changes. B.They want to help you get into college. C.High school may seem discouraging at first. D.They are t
20、here to help you get into this great new time in your life. E.Besides, the pressure could also come from grades, loneliness and so on. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.,答案,语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,作者向即将步入高中的青少年介绍了可能会遇到的问题及应对策略。 1.A 根据上句的“there are many things about high school that are different from.”可知,你将体会到许多 变化。 2.B 上句说到“这些新
21、老师的学术水平通常会高于你的初中老师的学术水平”,故此处应该选择“他们 想帮你走进大学”。 3.E 顺接上句说到的peer pressure,应该选择E项,继续分析压力的来源。 4.D 根据上句“如果你感觉有压力去做你感觉是错的事情,和朋友、父母或指导老师进行交谈,以寻求解 决办法”可知此空应该选择“他们在那里帮你走进人生的这个伟大的新时期”。 5.C 根据后句“随着时间的流逝,你将感谢你所经历过的一切”可知本句应该选择“高中最初也许看起 来是令人沮丧的”。,长难句 If you are feeling pressure to do something that you feel is wro
22、ng, talk to a friend,parent, or counselor to find a solution.当你感觉做一些你觉得是错的的事情有压力的时候,和朋友、父母或指导老师谈谈,以寻求解决办 法。 本句含有一个由if引导的条件状语从句,主句使用了祈使句。在条件状语从句中,使用了定语从句that you feel is wrong修饰先行词something,其中you feel为插入语。动词不定式to find a solution表示目的。,知识拓展 develop v.培养;experience v.经历 词汇积累 peer pressure同伴压力,Passage 4(
23、2016河南,D) There are so many expressions in American English that sound pleasant(令人愉快的)but are not. 1 When someone says they have to “face the music”,it does not mean they are going to a concert. “Facing the music” means to accept and deal with the punishment of an action. 2 For example, “I cant face
24、 another night of camping! Its cold and rainy.” Or “In life, you must face your fears.” Face used in this way is very common. But now, lets go back to facing the music. Imagine a friend asks you to take care of her beautiful red sports car. She gives you the keys and says, “Thanks so much for watchi
25、ng my car while Im away. But please, do not drive it. It is an extremely(极其) fast car.” 3 You want to show off to some friends. So,you drive itaround town one night. As bad luck would have it, you lose control of the car and drive it into a stop sign. Bang! When your friend returns you must tell her
26、 what you have done and “face the music”. 4 It could be losing her friendship or paying for repairs to her sports car or both. Whatever the music is, you must face it. 5 To “take your medicine” means to accept the results from something bad you have done. And if some-,one says, “You made your bed. N
27、ow lie in it.” they mean you created a bad situation and now you will expe- rience the results! 根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A.But you do not listen. B.“Face the music” is a good example. C.The “music” here is the result of your actions. D.Americans often use the word “face” in this
28、way. E.There are other American expressions that mean the same things as “face the music”. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.,答案,语篇解读 本文向大家介绍了美式英语中的一些有趣的表达。 1.B 由设空处后出现的“face the music”可知。 2.D 由第二段的最后一句可知美国人经常这样使用face这个词。 3.A 由设空处后面的内容可知,此处应填“但是你不听”。 4.C 根据下文可知此空应解释music的含义。 5.E 由后文出现的take your medicine和You made your b
29、ed.Now lie in it.可知此处应该选择E项。,解题关键 通读全文之后,学生应分析备选项,在理解备选项句意的基础上分析句子的关键信息。,备考指导 “还原句子”的语篇材料,通常结构清晰、层次分明,而且有比较明显的线索。考生应认真分 析并找出方法。 长难句 1.To “take your medicine” means to accept the results from something bad you have done.“自食其果”的意思是接受你自己做的坏事带来的后果。 动词不定式作主语,且介词的宾语中含有一个定语从句you have done,修饰something,加大了理解
30、的难度。 2.There are so many expressions in American English that sound pleasant but are not.在美式英语中,有很多听 上去令人愉快的表达,但是实际上并不是那样。 本句使用了There be 句型。expressions既由so many修饰,又由一个以that引导的定语从句来修饰。,Passage 5(2015河南,D) Why is setting goals(目标)important?Because goals can help you do and experience everything you wa
31、nt in life. Instead of just letting life happen to you,goals allow you to make your life happen.,Successful people in life imagine how their life should be and set lots of goals. 1 Its like having a sign to show you where you want to go.Think of it this way.There are two drivers.One has a place to g
32、o to clearly in mind which can be found on a map.He can drive straight there surely without any wasted time.The other driver has no goal,or a map. 2 But he drives aimlessly(漫无目的地)around,never getting anywhere,just using up,oil.Which driver do you want to be? 3 They decide what they want in life and
33、then get there by setting goals and making plans.Unsuccessful people usually just let life happen by accident.Goals arent difficult to set and they arent difficult to reach. 4 You are the one who must decide what to achieve and in what direction to aim your life. Research tells us that when we write
34、 a goal down we are more likely to achieve it. 5 They are harder to for- get.Also when you write your goals in your own way,you are able to make yourself realize situations that will bring you nearer to your goal. 根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A.Written goals can be reviewed usually.
35、B.He starts off at the same time from the same place. C.Its up to you to find out what your goals really are. D.By setting goals you are taking control of your life. E.Winners in life set goals and follow through on them.,1. 2. 3. 4. 5.,答案,语篇解读 没有目标的人是把成功的希望交给机遇的人。这种人偶然成功的概率比有计划、有目标的人小得多。没有目标就没有成功。世
36、界上没有懒惰的人,只有缺少明确目标的人。 1.D 由下一句“Its like having a sign to show you where you want to go.”可知此处应该选择D项。 2.B 此处在讲另一位司机的情况,故选B。 3.E 此处与后面的“Unsuccessful people.”形成对比。 4.C 由后一句可知此处应该选择C项。 5.A 此处承接上一句话。A项中的Written goals与前面的write a goal down照应,故应该选择A。,知识拓展 对于“还原句子”的语篇材料,如果是记叙文,则通常以事件的发展过程为顺序,根据时间的发 展以及上下文之间的联系
37、,可以确定挖空处所缺的句子。如果是说明文,则要根据文章内容呈现的顺序及 上下文语境来解题。 长难句 You are the one who must decide what to achieve and in what direction to aim your life.你是那一个必须决定要获得什么和朝着什么方向去实现你的人生目标的人。 the one后有一个who引导的定语从句,decide后跟着一个“what to do”结构和一个“介词+what+名词+to do sth.”结构。in what direction朝着什么方向。,B组 20152019年全国中考题组 题组一,Passa
38、ge 1(2019江西) Experts in nutrition(营养)suggest that we should eat at least five different kinds of vegetables and fruit a day. They are very necessary for our health and help our bodies work well. They can help reduce(减少)the risk of getting ill. There are a lot of vegetables and fruit to choose from a
39、nd they taste delicious. 1 Its easy to buy our food from the local supermarket, so why do we go to the trouble of growing our own?Here are several good reasons: 2 You can pick and eat it at once. When you have tried it, you will agree that vegetables and fruit that are eaten straight from the garden
40、 taste better than anything you can buy in a supermarket. You may want to cut down on your “food miles”the distance that a product has travelled before it reaches your kitchen. Many food packages are flown halfway across the earth. 3,Homegrown food is likely to be healthier. Food producers often use
41、 fertilizers(化肥)and pesticides(农药)which can end up in your food. If you grow your own, things are different. 4 You might also choose to grow some traditional vegetables and fruit. These often have more of the vitamins, minerals(矿物质)and protein(蛋白质) that keep you healthy. 5 And you can grow your own
42、even if you only have a small backyard or a balcony(阳台). Some food can grow well in pots, including lettuce, tomatoes, potatoes and carrots. You can recycle plastic bottles and cups to grow something. Just make sure there are holes for drainage(排水)and a small plate under them to catch drops of water
43、. Happy gardening! A.Best of all, you can grow your own! B.But where to grow your own is a problem.,C.Thats not so good for you, or for the planet. D.Food that you grow yourself is always fresh. E.If you have a large garden, growing your own is easy. F.You can control what goes on and into the food
44、you eat. G.So its better to eat more vegetables and fruit in our daily life. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.,答案,语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。在文中,营养专家建议我们多吃蔬菜和水果,因为蔬菜和水果对我们的健康有 益。同时作者建议我们自己种植蔬菜和水果并说明了自己种植的好处。 1.A 本句是一个过渡句,起承上启下的作用,最重要的是为下文自己种植果蔬的好处做铺垫,故选A。 2.D 根据空格后面的句子You can pick and eat it at once.可知,这里强调的是新鲜(fresh),故选D。 3.C 空格前
45、的句子提到了食品包装,这既浪费资源又会对地球造成污染,对环境造成破坏,故选C。 4.F 根据空格后的句子You might also choose to grow.可知,你可以自己决定种什么和怎么种,故选F。 5.E 空格后的句子提到了种植蔬菜和水果的地点a small backyard or a balcony。选项E中的a large garden 与之相对应,故选E。,Passage 2(2019潍坊,D) No one wakes up feeling happy every day. Very happy people are not different. They never st
46、op trying to be happy. Here are some of the habits of happy people. They slow down. Sometimes we think too much. 1 Happy people know how to enjoy the taste of their meal, enjoy the world s colors, even just step outside to enjoy fresh air. 2 Getting your body moving for as little as 10 minutes can m
47、ake you happy. Happy people exercise regularly and follow through on it because they know it will help them get in good mood(情绪)and stay in good mood. They spend money on other people. Research shows that spending money on others makes you much happier than spending it on yourself. This is especiall
48、y true of small things that show effort, such as going out of your way to buy your friend a book that you know he or she will like.,They get enough sleep. 3 Your energy, attention and memory all go down when you dont sleep well. Happy people make sleep a first thing of all. They have deep conversati
49、ons. Happy people know that happiness and depth go hand-in-hand. They avoid saying mean things about people. 4 They talk with others on a deeper level, because they know doing it feels good and is an interesting way to learn. A.They exercise. B.Happiness makes you creative. C.We dont have time to look around. D.Instead, they focus on meaningful relationships. E.When you sleep, your brain restarts and cleans itself. 1. 2.
