1、A组 2019年全国中考题组,Passage 1(2019江西) 请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中,使短 文意思通顺、结构完整。 Experts in nutrition(营养)suggest that we should eat at least five different kinds of vegetables and fruit a day. They are very necessary for our health and help our bodies work well. They can help reduce(减少)t
2、he risk of getting ill. There are a lot of vegetables and fruit to choose from and they taste delicious. 1 Its easy to buy our food from the local supermarket, so why do we go to the trouble of growing our own?Here are several good reasons:,2 You can pick and eat it at once. When you have tried it,
3、you will agree that vegetables and fruit that are eaten straight from the garden taste better than anything you can buy in a supermarket. You may want to cut down on your “food miles”the distance that a product has travelled before it reaches your kitchen. Many food packages are flown halfway across
4、 the earth. 3 Homegrown food is likely to be healthier. Food producers often use fertilizers(化肥)and pesticides(农药)which can end up in your food. If you grow your own, things are different. 4 You might also choose to grow some traditional vegetables and fruit. These often have more of the vitamins, m
5、inerals(矿物质)and protein(蛋白质) that keep you healthy. 5 And you can grow your own even if you only have a small backyard or a balcony(阳台). Some food can grow well in pots, including lettuce, tomatoes, potatoes and carrots. You can recycle plastic bottles and cups to grow something. Just make sure ther
6、e are holes for drainage(排水)and a small plate under them to catch drops of water. Happy gardening!,A.Best of all, you can grow your own! B.But where to grow your own is a problem. C.Thats not so good for you, or for the planet. D.Food that you grow yourself is always fresh. E.If you have a large gar
7、den, growing your own is easy. F.You can control what goes on and into the food you eat. G.So its better to eat more vegetables and fruit in our daily life.,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。在文中,营养专家建议我们多吃蔬菜和水果,因为蔬菜和水果对我们的健 康有益。同时作者建议我们自己种植蔬菜和水果并说明了自己种植的好处。 1.A 本句是一个过渡句,起承上启下的作用,最重要的是为下文自己种植果蔬的好处做铺垫,故选A。 2.D 根据空格后面的
8、句子You can pick and eat it at once.可知,这里强调的是新鲜(fresh),故选D。 3.C 空格前的句子提到了食品包装,这既浪费资源又会对地球造成污染,对环境造成破坏,故选C。 4.F 根据空格后的句子You might also choose to grow.可知,你可以自己决定种什么和怎么种,故选F。 5.E 空格后的句子提到了种植蔬菜和水果的地点a small backyard or a balcony。选项E中的a large garden 与之相对应,故选E。 重点词汇 necessary adj.必要的 recycle v.回收利用,再利用 cont
9、rol v.控制,Passage 2(2019天津) 阅读下面短文,根据短文内容完成句子。 Friends are an important part of our lives. We spend time with them, have fun together, and share our opinions, feelings and even secrets. Life would be boring without friends. Friends influence who we are, help us learn, support(支持)us in good and bad ti
10、mes, and care for us even when we are not happy. Often, we have many happy moments with our friends. We need someone to share things with to make them more enjoyable. Being lonely for long periods of time is not a great feeling. That is why it is important to spend time making friends and nurturing(
11、维持) a close group of friends. It is important to have a friend to talk to, whether(不论)it is about a sad or happy subject. In good times, it is wonderful to be able to celebrate with someone. It is also important to have someone support you if you have just had an unpleasant experience. Friends are i
12、mportant pillars(中心人物)of support. Friends teach us important lessons. No one person is the same. As time goes by, we learn to respect one another s differences. This acceptance of others differences is important as we meet more and more people in our lives,such as new family members, neighbours and
13、new friends. 1.Life without friends. 2.Being lonely for long periods of time . 3.It is important to have a friend to talk to, whether . 4.You need someone to support you if . 5.No one person is the same, so we should .,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了朋友的重要性,朋友在我们的生活中是十分重要的,我们花时 间和朋友在一起,跟朋友一起玩,分享彼此的想法,同时朋友也教会我
14、们许多东西。 1.would be boring 根据第一段第三句“Life would be boring without friends.”可知本题答案。 2.is not a great feeling 根据第二段第三句“Being lonely for long periods of time is not a great feeling.” 可 知本题答案。 3.it is about a sad or happy subject 根据第三段第一句“It is important to have a friend to talk to,whether it is about a sa
15、d or happy subject.”可知本题答案。 4.you have had an unpleasant experience 根据第三段第三句“It is also important to have someone support you if you have just had an unpleasant experience.”可知本题答案。 5.(learn to) respect one anothers differences 根据最后一段第三句“As time goes by,we learn to respect one anothers differences.”可
16、知本题答案。,长难句 This acceptance of others differences is important as we meet more and more people in our lives, such as new family members, neighbours and new friends.当我们在生活中遇到越来越多的人时,比如新家庭成员、邻居 和新朋友,接受他人的差异是很重要的。 as在这里引导时间状语从句,意思是“当时”。 重点词汇 care for 关心 opinion n.观点,看法 词汇积累 respect v.尊敬,尊重 acceptance n.
17、接受,Passage 3(2019湖北黄冈) 阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容,从短文后方框内的选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。(提示:每个 选项只用一次,选项中有一项为多余选项),Now students English handwriting(书写)gets worse and worse. That makes their teachers feel worried. Is your English handwriting beautiful? 1,Use paper with lines When you write English words or sentences, you c
18、an use paper with lines. That will make your handwriting straight. 2 Be sure to fill the lined space completely. And make sure those capital letters(大写字母)are writ- ten properly. Slow down If your writing is hard to read, just slow down a little. 3 If you write too quickly, its hard for you to stop w
19、here you should, and you may make more mistakes easily. 4 When you hold your pencil in the correct way, writing is much better. Some kids press down really hard when they write. That makes the handwriting bad. Try to be relaxed and dont hold the pencil so hard. Let your writ- ing appear nice and cle
20、an. If you do so, people will guess you are a student with a good habit. Draw more pictures 5 While you are drawing pictures, you need to use the skills to control(控制)your pencil better. Even,though you have no chance to draw at school, you can practice by drawing at home. Handwriting is very import
21、ant. Imagine you are a famous movie star or a well-known sports player, what do you do when your fans run up to you? Give them your autographs(亲笔签名), of course! A.If not, here are four steps that really work! B.Hold your pencil right C.Drawing can improve your handwriting. D.We will try to learn Eng
22、lish well. E.Going slower makes your handwriting clearer. F.Those lines on the paper can help you to write words in the right size.,答案 语篇解读 本文为说明文,介绍了写好英语字体的几条建议。 1.A 根据上文提到的问题:你的英文书写漂亮吗?和以下几段的标题和内容可知,文章是在介绍写好英文 的步骤,故答案为A项。 2.F 第二段内容主要介绍使用带线的纸,因此本题应与此相关,选项F中提到纸上的那些线条可以帮助你 写出适当大小的单词。故答案为F项。 3.E 根据前文建
23、议慢下来写字可知,该句应与slow down 相关,选项E 表示“慢一点儿会让你的书写更清 晰”。故答案为E项。 4.B 根据下文When you hold your pencil in the correct way, writing is much better. 可知,本段内容是建议正 确握笔,故答案为B项。 5.C 根据小标题Draw more pictures可知,选项C“画画可以提高你的书写”与本段内容有关,故答案为C 项。,长难句 If you write too quickly, its hard for you to stop where you should, and yo
24、u may make more mistakes easily.如 果你写得太快,你很难在你应该停的地方停下来,你可能会容易犯更多的错误。 本句中if引导条件状语从句。 重点词汇 completely adv.完全地;彻底地 slow down 慢下来 press down 按下 well-known adj.著名的,Passage 4(2019四川成都) 根据短文内容,从短文后的AF选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文。,Global warming is a big problem that we have to stop. One of the best things we do is t
25、o plant more trees. Trees can take in CO2 in the air and stop global warming. 1 A team of scientists at Boston University has been working with NASA to study Earths green vegetation(植被). They used a special NASA camera and found that global leaf area had increased by 5 percent since the early 200 0s
26、. 2 Thats about one-quarter of the size of the entire Amazon rainforest. The growth mainly came from Chinas forest protection programs, NASA said. For example, since 1962, China has been planting trees in Saihanba, Hebei Province. It was once a desert. 3 4 Ant Forest, a feature in Alipay app, gives
27、users points for doing eco-friendly things such as walking and going paperless in the office. Users can then use these points to water and grow their own virtual(虚拟的)trees. When the virtual trees are big enough, Ant Forest will plant real trees somewhere in the world. 5,A.More than 55 million trees
28、have been planted in this way. B.The Chinese public has also joined in these activities recently. C.And China was responsible for 25% of that gain, according to the study. D.However, people there can produce vegetables without any difficulty now. E.But now, China has turned the area into the country
29、s largest man-made forest. F.According to a news report, China is doing a great job of “greening” the world.,答案 语篇解读 本文为说明文。多种树是解决全球变暖问题的最有效的方法之一,本文介绍了中国的比较有 效的做法。 1.F 第二段为新闻报道的具体内容,由此可知本空应选择F,“根据一个新闻报道,中国在绿化世界方 面做得很好”。 2.C 由上一句内容中“自从21世纪早期以来,地球的植被面积增长了百分之五”可知,本空也应阐述中国 在这方面的数据和成果,故本空应填C。 3.E 它曾经是沙漠,
30、但是现在它成了全国最大的人工林。上一句中的once和本句的But now形成鲜明对比, 由此可知本空填E。 4.B 根据下文“蚂蚁森林支付宝应用程序的一个特色,它的使用者做一些环保的事情获得积分,比如 步行和无纸化办公。”可知,中国公众最近也参与了这些活动,故本空填B。 5.A A选项中的in this way指的就是上文提到的“当这些虚拟的树足够大的时候,蚂蚁森林就在世界上的 某个地方种上真实的树”,由此可知本空填A。,长难句 Global warming is a big problem that we have to stop.全球变暖是一个我们必须阻止的大问题。 主句为Global w
31、arming is a big problem,从句为that we have to stop,that引导定语从句。 重点词汇 global adj.全球的 increase v.增加 protection n.保护,Passage 5(2019重庆) 阅读下文并回答问题。 In Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, there is a group of people who are busy drawing maps around. They are not work- ers on geography, but dispatchers(调度员)in Emergency(
32、急救)Center of the city. Since 2007, the dispatchers in the center have been drawing maps of the local areas. “A dispatchers job is counted in seconds,” says Liang Ruimei, a dispatcher in the center. She has been work- ing in the center since it started in 2007. “We must answer the phone in 3 seconds,
33、 get clear information about the patient in 60 seconds and dispatch(调度)emergency medical workers in 3 minutes at most. If we save one second, the patient may have a better chance to live.” Although nowadays the center has electronic maps, the dispatchers still walk through the streets to draw maps b
34、y hand. After many years hard work, the dispatchers keep every building and street of the city in mind. They even know whether or not a car can enter the gate of a building. Sometimes the caller cant tell clearly where he is,but it doesnt matter. As long as he describes the buildings around, the dis
35、patcher can dispatch emergency medi- cal workers to him. “We are trying to be quicker than Death,”says Liang. 1.Is Liang Ruimei a dispatcher in Emergency Center of Jinzhong? 2.When did Emergency Center of Jinzhong start? 3.To be quicker than Death, what do the dispatchers in Emergency Center of Jinz
36、hong do? 4.Do you think it necessary for dispatchers to draw maps by hand when they have electronic maps? Why or why not?,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,讲述了在山西省晋中市的急救中心,有一群不是地理工作者却每天忙着给 周围环境绘制地图的人们急救中心的调度员。他们每天跟死神抢时间,希望能把每个角落的地图手工 绘制清楚,为的是把生的希望带给病人。 1.Yes, she is. 根据文章第三段的第一句“A dispatchers job is counted in secon
37、ds,”says Liang Ruimei, a dispatcher in the center.可知,梁瑞美是晋中急救中心的调度员。 2.In 2007. 根据文章第三段的第二句She has been working in the center since it started in 2007.可知,晋中急 救中心创建于2007年。,3.They remember every corner of the city through hand-made maps, and dispatch emergency medical workers to the right place as soo
38、n as possible. 根据文章第四、五段可知,晋中急救中心的调度员们为了比死神的速度 更快,用手绘制了城市每个角落的地图,以便尽快把急救人员派到正确的地方。 4.Yes. Because maps by hand show small facts of the city more correctly and electronic maps may not work sometimes. No. Because electronic maps are easier to use and can show the latest road situation.,Passage 6(2019新
39、疆) 阅读下面短文,把AE五个句子填入文中空缺处,使短文内容完整。 Volunteering is fun and rewarding(有益的), but if you want to be a good volunteer, you need to learn more. 1 *Be well-trained. Know what youre doing as a volunteer. If you need to learn about your job, 2 If youre good at your job, it will be easier to help others. * 3
40、Work as part of a team and make sure everyone works together and shares the work. If someone asks for help, just give a hand. If you need some help, ask politely for it. *Be understanding. 4 *Be friendly. 5 To be a volunteer, you might meet new people who want to make friends with you. You might jus
41、t meet someone who becomes a friend for the rest of your life.,A.Treat others like friends, and theyll do the same for you. B.begin to do it at once. C.Try to understand what other people are facing. D.Heres some advice on how to do the volunteering jobs well. E.Dont try to do everything by yourself
42、.,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章就“如何做好志愿服务工作”从四个方面给出了建议。 1.D 本文是总分结构,下文就如何做好志愿服务工作提出了四点建议,故选D。 2.B 如果你需要了解自己的工作,马上开始去做。故选B。 3.E 本空下一句是“作为团队的一名成员去工作,确保每个人都团结一致、分担工作”,所以本空应为 “不要自己试图做所有的事情”,故选E。 4.C 上句说“要善解人意”,所以本空应为“尽量去理解别人正在面对的事情”。故选C。 5.A 上句是“要友善”,根据语境,本空应为“对待别人像朋友那样,别人也会像朋友那样对待你”,故 选A。,长难句 You might just meet
43、 someone who becomes a friend for the rest of your life.你或许就会遇到成为你余生的朋 友的人。 本句是一个主从复合句,who引导定语从句,先行词是someone。 重点词汇 learn about 了解;give a hand 帮忙,Passage 7(2019山西,D) 请阅读下面短文,根据短文内容,在下面的表格中填入与文章意思最符合的单词。每空一词。 As a proverb says,“Your tongue has the power of life and death.” This means that your words h
44、ave power to finally cause things to happen, even life or death. We may all experience the power of words in our life, even when we were very young. A child is blamed(责备) by teachers or parents, and after that, he might probably think of himself as a bad child. Most kids have that ex- perience. They
45、 say it is important to praise children four times for each negative(负面的) word. Blaming will make things worse, while positive words are helpful especially when being in trouble or in need. When we fail the exam, encouraging words from our teachers or parents make us work harder at our lessons. Enco
46、uraging words can go quite a long way. They lift people up. For example, encouraging words to someone who is sad can help them make it through the day. Words can have a powerful effect on your brain. And it will in turn(相应地) have a great influence on your action.,Everything you do depends on what yo
47、u choose to do. Its not your parents, your past relationships or your job, but you and only you that are responsible for every goal you set. If you have dreams in life, write them down and speak them out. Your words are likely to bring out something amazing.,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文,讲述了语言的力量。你的语言能够导致一些事情的发生
48、,甚至是生死。语 言可以影响你的大脑,甚至影响你的行动。 1.After 由文章第二段第二句中的after that, he might probably think of himself as a bad child可知应用after, 注意首字母要大写。 2.pass 由文章第二段最后一句When we fail the exam, encouraging words from our teachers or parents make us work harder at our lessons.可知,当我们考试不及格时,老师或父母鼓励的话使我们更加努力学习。fail the exam与ca
49、nt pass the exam同义,所以填pass。 3.sad 由第三段第三句For example, encouraging words to someone who is sad can help them make it through the day.可知,对伤心的人说一些鼓励的话可以帮助他们度过这一天。所以本空用sad来修饰people。 4.greatly 根据第三段最后两句Words can have a powerful effect on your brain. And it will in turn have a great influence on your action.可知,语言可以对你的大脑产生很大的影响,大脑也会相应地对你的行为产生 很大的影响。故此处应该用副词greatly修饰动词influences。,5.choice/choices 根据最后一段第一句Everything you do depends on what you choose to do.可知,此处应该 填一个表示“选择”的词,再根据本空需用名词可知填choice
