1、专题十六短文填空中考英语中考英语(福建专用)A A组组2014201820142018年福建中考题组年福建中考题组一、(2018福建)阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。Lonnie Johnson always loved taking things apart(分开).He1 /smtamz/put them back together.Other times he made new things from different2 (part).He learned how to use too
2、ls from his dad.At 13,Lonnie put an old engine(发动机)on a homemade go-cart.He loved driving it around.He dreamed of being3 inventor.By high school,Lonnie built a remote-control robot from some waste things.This won him first prize at the Alabama State Science Fair.His friends called4 “The Little Scien
3、tist”.In college,Lonnie was an excellent student.After that,he5 (become)an Air Force officer,rocket scientist and business leader.6 he never stopped inventing.You 五年中考may have played with his most famous inventionthe Super Soaker,a kind of water gun.Lonnie got the idea for this7 /t/while working on
4、another invention.When he tested a homemade part in his bathroom,it shot water8 /krs/the room.Today,Dr.Lonnie Johnson has more than 1009 (use)inventions.However,he still keeps10 (try)new things.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案答案语篇解读语篇解读主人公Lonnie喜欢拆卸物品,有时把它们组装起来,有时从不同的元件里组装出新的东西。渐渐地,他成为一个发明家,发明了许多东西。现在他拥有100多
5、样发明,但他仍然坚持尝试新的事物。1.sometimes本题考查音标。由音标可知本空填sometimes。2.parts本题考查名词复数。part表示“零部件”时是可数名词,根据语义可知用复数形式parts。3.an本题考查不定冠词的使用。由句意可知,他梦想成为一名发明家,所以填写不定冠词。由于inventor是以元音音素开头的单词,所以填an。4.him本题考查代词。由句意可知,他的朋友们称他为“小发明家”,所以要填宾格代词him作宾语。5.became本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知,此处表示过去的动作,应用一般过去时,所以填became。6.But本题考查连词的使用。由语境可知,上下文是
6、转折的关系,所以填But。7.toy本题考查音标。由音标可知应填toy。8.across本题考查音标。由音标可知应填across。9.useful本题考查形容词的用法。形容词用来修饰名词,此处应用形容词useful修饰inven-tions。10.trying本题考查非谓语动词。keep后面应使用动名词形式,所以填trying。二、(2017福建)阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。The Chongyang Festival is a traditional Chinese festival.I
7、t is Celebrated on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month.Its also 1 (call)the Double Ninth Festival.The festival started as 2 /li/as the Warring States Period(475221 BC).It has a history of more than 1,700 years.Among the numbers from zero to nine,nine is the 3 (high)odd number(奇数).People believe t
8、hat two“nines”meeting together stand for a long life.So it is a special holiday 4 Chinese people to show love and respect for their elders.They hold many 5 (kind)of activities in honor of old people,wishing them good 6 /hel/and a long life.The festival comes during the golden time of 7 /fl/.On the d
9、ay,people traditionally drink chrysanthemum(菊花)wine,eat Double-Ninth Cakes 8 climb mountains.They also carry a kind of plant named dogwood.People in ancient times believed that 9 plant could drive away evil(邪恶的)spirits and prevent them from 10 (catch)an illness in winter.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案答案语篇解
10、读语篇解读本文讲述的是重阳节这一中国传统节日,重点讲述了节日的由来、传统习俗和寓意。1.called它也被称作重九节。根据语义可知本句应为被动语态,应用过去分词called。2.early这个节日最早起源于战国时期。根据句意及音标可知填early。3.highest在0到9这几个数字中,9是最大的奇数。根据句意可知应填最高级highest。4.for因此它对于中国人来说是一个向老年人表达爱和敬意的特殊节日。根据语义本空填for。5.kinds为了向老人表达敬意,他们举办多种活动,祝福老人健康长寿。kind为可数名词,意为“种类”,many kinds of.意为“许多种类的”。6.health
11、由音标和本空前的形容词good可知本空应填名词health。7.fall这个节日在金秋时节来临。根据句意和所给音标可知应填fall。8.and在那天,人们通常喝菊花酒,吃重阳糕,并且登高。本句含有几个并列的动词短语,应用and 连接。9.the古时候人们认为这种植物能驱邪,防止他们冬天染上疾病。上文出现了a kind of plant,本空为第二次提到plant,重复出现的名词前应用冠词the,故本空填the。10.catching前面有介词from,所以本空应用动名词形式。三、(2016福州)阅读下面短文,根据中文、首字母、音标或语境的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词,要求所填的单词意义
12、准确,拼写正确。In New York City public schools,176 different languages are spokena1 more than one million students.For 160,000 children,English is not their first language.New Yorks Department of Ed-ucation makes learning b2 for these students by providing dual-language(双语)programs.Students are taught in t
13、wo languages,English and 3 one,such as French,German or Japanese.Math,social studies,science and all other regular courses are taught in both languages.And they learn about the 4 /klt(r)/of the other country.Milady Baez,a headmaster,says these dual-language programs will help children succeed in the
14、 future.“The jobs of the future 5 /rkwa(r)/that our students know more than one language.Theyre going to travel 6 (在国外)and communicate with people from all over the world.This will open doors for them.”Shuya Zhang 7 (教)a dual-language class.She says,“America started economic relation-ships with Chin
15、a.Lots of factories were b8 ;companies moved to China.They need people with both language skills.”Anna,a Russian girl came to America 9 she was two years old.She says the Russian-English program keeps her connected to her heritage and her parents happy.Nowadays,more and more 10 (外国人)come to China.Pe
16、rhaps in the future,your school will also provide them with the dual-language program.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案答案语篇解读语篇解读美国的公立学校为学生们提供双语教育,让他们了解其他国家的文化,以便他们更好地与世界交流。1.among根据语境可知,这里要使用介词,再结合句意:超过100万名学生讲176种不同的语言。由此可知答案。2.better根据句意可知,纽约教育部通过提供双语计划使学生学习得更好。由此可知答案。3.another根据句意可知,这里说的是另外一门语言。由此可知答案。4.c
17、ulture根据音标可知答案。5.require根据音标可知答案。6.abroad根据汉语提示可知答案。7.teaches根据汉语提示可知答案。注意时态是一般现在时,人称是第三人称单数。8.built根据句意可知,这里说的是很多工厂被建设。由此可知答案。9.when句意为:Anna,一个俄国女孩,她在2岁的时候来到美国。由此可知答案。10.foreigners根据汉语提示和语境可知,这里应该使用该名词的复数形式。由此可知答案。四、(2016漳州)阅读下面的短文,根据中文、音标或语境的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词。On April 21,the Olympic flame(火焰)was
18、lit at the Temple of Hera in southern Greece.This 1 (意味着)the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games in August is coming close.The flame was first lit at the 1928 games in Amsterdam.So far,about 90 years has passed and the flame has traveled around the world,reaching Mount Everest and even outer 2 /spes/.
19、The Olympic flame stands 3 the positive ideas that man has always connected with fire.It is also a 4 /brd/between the ancient and modern Olympic Games.It is a tradition to pass the flame around 5 the start of the Olympic Games.This is called the torch relay.For the Rio Olympics,there will be about 1
20、2,000 torchbearers(火炬手)during the re-lay.The special thing is,for the first time in 6 /hstri/,a Syrian refugee(叙利亚难民)was among the torchbearers who passed the torch in Greece.It wanted to show a message:sports can 7 the world better.There are also some Chinese faces that you may know,for example,Chi
21、nese 8 (男演员)Yang Yang,who just finished passing the flame in Greece.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.答案答案语篇解读语篇解读本文主要介绍了奥运火炬的相关知识。1.means根据汉语提示和后面的is可知,这里应该使用一般现在时。2.space根据音标提示可知答案。3.forstand for为固定搭配,意为“代表”。4.bridge根据音标提示可知答案。5.before根据句意可知答案。6.history根据音标提示可知答案。7.make根据文意和句子的语法结构可知答案。8.actor根据汉语提示可知答案。五、(2015福州)阅
22、读下面短文,根据中文、首字母、音标或语境的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词,要求所填的单词意义准确,拼写正确。The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route(路线)between China and the Mediterranean(地中海).It began 1 (在期间)the Western Han Dynasty and has been a b 2 between East and West for over 2,000 years.The ancient road started from
23、 Changan(now Xian)and ended in Eastern 3 jrp,near todays Turkey and the Mediterranean Sea.It was about 6,500 kilometers long and went across one-fourth of the planet.The Silk Road got its name b4 Chinese silk used to be carried along this road.Silk,jade,ceram-ics and iron w5 west to Rome.And from th
24、e west came glass,gems and food like carrots and sesame.The Silk Road was very important to both China and the rest of the world.It was 6 than an an-cient international trade route.Besides trade,7 nldabout arts,science and literature,as well as crafts(工艺)and technologies was 8 (分享)across the Silk Ro
25、ad.In this way,lan-guages and cultures9 (发展)and influenced each other.Today,along the Silk Road therere many places of 10 ,such as the Terracotta Warriors in Xian and Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang.Now a new train line runs from Beijing across the Silk Road.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案答案语篇解读语篇解读本文是说明文。介绍了丝绸之
26、路的历史形成、地位和作用。1.during句意:它开始于西汉期间而且已经成为东西方之间的桥梁长达2,000多年。2.bridge由设空处后的between.and.及句意可知。3.Europe由音标可知填Europe。4.because句意:丝绸之路得名是因为中国的丝绸过去常常沿这条路运送。5.went由句意可知是指通过西方到罗马。6.more句意:这不仅是一条古老的国际贸易路线。more than在这里意为“不仅仅”,下文的besides对此空有提示作用。7.knowledge由音标可知填knowledge。8.shared由设空处前的was和本句的主语(动作的承受者)可知应用被动语态。9.
27、developed由设空处后的and influenced可知此处应用一般过去时。10.interestmany places of interest许多有趣的地方。六、(2015漳州)阅读下面的短文,根据中文、音标或语境的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词。The Milan World Exposition(博览会)started on May 1st,and will run until October 31st.Its theme is“Feeding the planet,Energy for life”.There are 145 countries at the exposit
28、ion.They pay special attention 1 food safety and other food problems.You can see this theme from their pavilions(场馆).GermanyThe countrys pavilion is the largest one in the exposition.It is 2 (称作)“Fields of Ideas”.People can get into the pavilion along a slope(斜坡).The slope is made of different kinds
29、 of 3 /wud/.That makes it look like a German field with wild grass and flowers.Inside the pavilion,there are shows including how to 4 /r/different kinds of food.At the southwest 5 (角落)of the pavilion,people can enjoy some plays.ChinaLook at this pavilion.It has the theme“Hopeful farmland,the source
30、of life”.And it is the 6 (第二)largest pavilion in the exposition.People used bamboo 7 the roof of the building.This way,sunlight can shine through.In the pavilion,some shows are about the traditional ways of making food such as tofu and 8 /ti/.There are also shows about Chinas agriculture.1.2.3.4.5.6
31、.7.8.答案答案语篇解读语篇解读本文介绍了米兰世界博览会的两个场馆。1.to此处考查固定短语pay attention to.(关心,关注)。2.called此处考查的是被动语态,此句意为“它被称作思想的田野”。3.wood根据音标可知,此处应填wood。4.grow根据音标可知,此处应填grow。5.cornerat the corner of意为“在的角落”。6.second根据汉语提示可知本空填序数词。7.asuse.as.意为“把用于/当做”。8.tea根据音标可知,此处应填tea。七、(2015龙岩)阅读下面短文,根据汉语、首字母和音标提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词。所填
32、单词要求意义准确,拼写完整、正确。Few Chinese people saw the Internet business would make much money when Ma Yun started Al-ibaba in 1999.Many people thought he was 1 /krezi/.However,the man believed that e2 should have a dream.“The most important thing is that we believed in our dream f3 the first day to today and
33、tomorrow.Of course we made many 4 (错误),but we never gave up hope,”Ma said.The 50-year-old became Chinese mainlands second 5 (最富有的)man with 138 billion yuan.Mas 6 /tenn/is not only on the Internet business.Alibaba p7 an important part in Sina Weibo and Youku Tudou.Hes also on the board of Chinas most
34、 successful soccer 8 (俱乐部),Guangzhou Evergrand.Now,Ma has a bigger dream.“We hope that i9 the next 15 years the world will 10 (变化)because of us,”he said.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案答案语篇解读语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。题材是人物传记类。文章讲述了马云的一些事迹,鼓励人们要有梦想,并且永不放弃。1.crazy由音标可知答案。crazy意为“疯狂的”。2.everyone/everybody马云认为每个人都应该有梦想。3.fro
35、mfrom.to.意为“从到”。4.mistakesmany后接可数名词复数形式。make mistakes意为“犯错误”。5.richest/wealthiest此处应该用形容词的最高级。6.attention由音标可知答案。attention意为“注意力”。7.playsplay an important part in.意为“在中扮演重要角色/发挥重要作用”。8.clubsoccer club意为“足球俱乐部”。9.inin the next 15 years意为“在接下来的15年中”。10.change根据汉语提示可知答案。八、(2015莆田)根据短文内容和以下提示:1)首字母提示,2
36、)语境提示,3)汉语提示,在每一个空格内填上一个适当的英语单词。所填单词要求意义正确,拼写正确。These days our government is aiming to build an“economized(节约)society”.1 (作为)students,you can do something that you can.First,save things.Youd better walk to school or 2 a bike instead of taking a car.Turn off the l3 as soon as you leave the classroom.
37、Remember to turn off the tap right after washing your hands.When you go out to eat in a 4 (餐馆),ask for smaller dishes and take leftovers(剩菜)h5 .Before you buy something new,think 6 it is necessary or not.Second,use things for as long as p7 .When you buy things,make sure that they can 8 a long time.D
38、ont use a paper cup or a paper bag.Its better to use a china cup because you can use it again.Finally,collect what can be 9 (回收利用)in your classroom,such as waste paper and soft drink cans.They can save money and protect the environment.In general,I think one thing we should keep in mind is that 10 m
39、atter what a small effort we make,it will make a difference.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案答案语篇解读语篇解读文中介绍了我们怎样做才能推进节约型社会的形成。1.As根据汉语提示可知答案。注意首字母要大写。2.ride根据句子语法结构可知,此处应该使用动词原形,结合句意“骑自行车”,可知答案。3.lights根据此处的语境,我们可以推知此处表达的是在离开教室时随手关灯。4.restaurant根据汉语提示和前面的不定冠词a可知,这里应该使用名词的单数形式。5.home结合句意可知,此处是说把剩菜带回家。6.whether
40、根据本句后面的“or not”可知,此处应该使用whether构成whether.or not结构。7.possibleas.as possible为固定结构,意为“尽可能地”。8.last根据语境可以推知此处需要使用动词原形。结合句意可知,买东西时,应确保它能持续用很长时间,last意为“持续”。9.recycled根据语境可知此处应该使用动词的过去分词形式,与be连用表示被动。10.nono matter what意为“无论多么”。B B组组2014201820142018年全国中考题组年全国中考题组一、(2018湖北黄冈)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(
41、提示:每空不超过三个单词)Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art.These usually try to show the things1 are important in life,such as love,beauty and family.The most common things,from paper to clay to bamboo,are turned into objects of beauty.According to Chinese history,sky lan
42、terns were first used by Zhuge Kongming.He sent them out2 (ask)for help when in trouble.Today,sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebra-tions.They3 (make)of bamboo and covered with paper.When the lanterns are lit,they slowly rise into the air like small hot-air balloons for all to see.The
43、y are seen as bright symbols of4 (happy)and good wishes.Paper cutting5 (be)around for over 1500 years.Paper cutting sounds very easy6 it can be difficult to do.The paper,usually red,is folded before it is cut with scissors.The most common pictures are flowers,animals,and things about Chinese history
44、.During the Spring Festival,they are put on windows,doors and walls7 symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year.Chinese clay art is famous because the clay pieces are so small but they look very real.The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or his
45、torical story.The pieces are8 (careful)shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry.After9 (dry),they are fired at a very high heat.They are then polished and painted.It takes several weeks10 (complete)everything.These small pieces of clay art show the love that all Ch
46、inese people have for life and beauty.答案答案语篇解读语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国的三种传统艺术:天灯(许愿灯/孔明灯)、剪纸和黏土艺术。文章通过介绍三种工艺的起源和制作方法,使我们了解了博大精深和源远流长的中国文化。1.that/which句意:这些(独特的传统艺术形式)通常试图展示生活中重要的东西,比如爱、美和家人。本空引导定语从句,先行词为things,关系词在从句中作主语,故填that/which。2.to ask句意:当陷入困境时,他放天灯来寻求帮助。此处作目的状语,故填to ask。3.are made句意:它们由竹子制成并用纸覆盖
47、。本句主语They指代上文提到的sky lanterns,由此可判断本空应用被动语态,固定短语be made of意为“由制成”,故本空填are made。4.happiness句意:它们被看作是幸福和美好愿望的鲜明的象征。of为介词,后面应加名词,构成介宾短语,故填happiness。5.has been由本句的时间状语for over 1500 years可知,本空用现在完成时。本句主语为Paper cutting,故填has been。6.but句意:剪纸听起来很容易但是做起来会很难。由句意可知本空填but。7.as句意:在春节期间,剪纸作为对好运和一个快乐新年的愿望的象征被张贴到窗户上
48、、门上和墙上。根据句意可知本空填as,意为“作为”。8.carefully本句中are shaped为被动语态,shaped为实义动词的过去分词,故应用副词修饰,故本空填carefully。9.drying本空前After为介词,故后加v.-ing形式,故填drying。10.to complete此处为It takes/took+时间+to do sth.结构,故本空填to complete。深度解析深度解析 1.难句分析原句:These usually try to show the things that/which are important in life,such as love,
49、beauty and family.分析:本句是主从复合句。其中从句是由that/which引导的定语从句。such as 意为“例如”。译文:这些(独特的传统艺术形式)通常试图展示生活中重要的东西,比如爱、美和家人。2.重点词汇:traditional adj.传统的;object n.物体,东西3.词汇积累:clay piece 黏土作品;fairy tale n.神话故事二、(2018广东)请用适当的词完成下面的短文。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。Will Johnson has worked his way up the list of most popular star
50、s in his country.In fact,it is not surprising that Will is so successful if we know about his early life.Some valuable lessons he learnt as a child have strongly influenced him 1 his later life.One of them was from his father 2 was strict with him and his brother.Once,Will and his brother Harry 3 gi
