1、Unit 4Astronomy:the science of the stars基础知识梳理考点知识导练基础知识梳理 抓主干固双基1.vi.存在;生存n.生存;存在 .2.n.谜;难题 vt.&vi.(使)迷惑;(使)为难adj.令人迷 惑的 adj.感到迷惑的 .3.n.天文学n.天文学家 .4.n.宗教;宗教信仰adj.宗教的 .5.n.学说;理论adj.理论上的 adv.理 论上地 .6.n.球体;地球仪;地球adj.全球性的;全世界的 .7.adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的adv.猛烈地 n.猛烈;激烈;暴力 .existexistence puzzlepuzzlingpuzzledas
2、tronomyastronomer religionreligioustheorytheoreticaltheoreticallyglobeglobalviolentviolentlyviolence8.adj.基本的;基础的adv.基本地 n.(pl.)基本原理 .9.adj.温和的;文雅的adv.温柔地;温和地 n.绅士 .10.n.系统;体系;制度11.n.气候12.vi.&vt.乘;增加;(使)繁殖13.atmosphere n.14.float vi.&vt.n.15.crash vi.&vt.fundamentalfundamentallyfundamentals gentlege
3、ntlygentlemansystemclimatemultiply大气层;气氛(使)浮动;(使)漂浮 漂浮物碰撞;坠落 1.time 及时;终于2.prevent.阻止;制止3.block 挡住(光线)4.that 既然5.break 突发;爆发6.cheer 感到高兴;感到振奋7.ones turn 轮到某人8.eggs 下蛋9.give 产生;分娩10.watch 密切注意;当心;提防11.get the of熟悉;掌握;了解12.on依赖;依靠 infromoutnowoutupinlaybirthtooutforhangdepend1.The earth became so viol
4、ent that it was not clear the shape would last .地球变得如此激烈动荡以至于不知道这个固体形状是否会继续下去。2.This produced a chain reaction,which for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命发展成为可能。3.But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried .on the earth and fell over.而当我试图向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在 地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。whethero
5、rnotmadeitpossibletwiceasfar as 考点知识导练 解疑难提知能1.exist vi.存在;生存英文典例:As a result,humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.(2016北京,七选五)结果,人类形成了一系列现在仍然存在的性格类型。The hostages existed on bread and water.人质靠面包和水生存。There exist many opportunities for regional development.地区的发展存在许多机会。W
6、hen did the world?世界是什么时候产生的?特别提示:exist是不及物动词,没有被动语态,也不用于进行时态。comeintoexistence2.in time及时;终于;总有一天英文典例:At one time,daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.白日梦一度被认为是一些精神疾病的原因。Well have that leak fixed in no time.我们马上就把那个漏洞补上。(朗文P1844)Decide on a new course and make one decision
7、 at a time.确定一个新的课程,一次做一个决定。We must be the early bus.我们必须及时赶上早班的公交车。intimefor3.prevent.from.阻止;制止英文典例:In that case,eat before the flight,or an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping.在那种情况下,在飞行前吃饭,否则空腹会妨碍你睡觉的。We must to know our plans.我们一定不能让他们知道我们的计划。Wear more clothes to protect yourself from
8、the cold.多穿点衣服以免冻着。特别提示:prevent/stop sb.(from)doing sth.中的from可以省略,而keep sb.from doing sth.中的from不能省略。在被动句中,上述三种句型中的from均不能省略。protect.from.中from后接能带来伤害或损害之物。keepthemfromgetting4.now(that)既然英文典例:But information is being spread and monitored(监控)in different ways,researchers are discovering new rules.(
9、2016全国,阅读理解D)但是,由于信息正以不同方式进行传播和受到监控,研究人员正在寻找 新的规则。Since the matter was extremely instant,we dealt with it immediately.既然问题很紧急,我们马上处理了它。nowthat词语辨析:you werent there,I left a message.因为你不在那里,我给你留言了。I went back not because of the rain,but I was tired.我并不是因为下雨才回来,而是因为我累了。it is late,I shall go home now.由
10、于时间晚了,我现在要回家了。He shook his head,he thought differently.他摇了摇头,因为有不同的看法。AsbecauseSince/Now that for5.break out(战争、火灾等)突发;爆发英文典例:War broke out one evening.一个晚上战争爆发了。The party broke up and the neighbours hurried home.宴会就此结束,邻居们匆匆地赶回家去。The peace talks without any agreement being reached.和谈失败了,没有达成任何协议。(朗
11、文P196)When I told him the story,he broke into laughter.当我把这件事告诉他时,他突然大笑起来。brokedown写作联想:典例其他表达方式When I told him the story,he burst into laughter.When I told him the story,he burst out laughing.6.cheer up感到高兴;感到振奋英文典例:I do hope she can and accept the challenge of life bravely!我真心希望她能振作起来,勇敢地接受生活的挑战!W
12、hen Im feeling sad,my mother tells me funny stories to cheer me up.当我感到忧伤时,我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事哄我高兴。Cathy didnt expect any award but was still there to cheer on her friends and praise their accomplishments.(2016天津,完形填空)Cathy并没有期望得奖,但依然在那儿为朋友加油鼓劲,赞扬他们的成就。cheerup巧学助记7.This produced a chain reaction,which mad
13、e it possible for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命发展成为可能。to名词或形容词不带 的不定式过去分词介词短语英文典例:By feeding the ponies,tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car,and make them harder to gather.游客给马驹喂食会增加它们被车撞的危险,而且会让马驹们更难聚集到 一起Our teacher more confident.我们的老师使我们感到更自信。Mastering the technology makes
14、it possible for us to use the Internet more effectively.精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。makesusfeel8.But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试图向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地 球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。英文典例:She looks at it for she did at the previous card.她看这张卡片的时间是
15、以前那张的两倍。Their army is about half the size of ours.他们军队的规模只有我们军队的一半左右。(朗文P1643)The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.总体来说,电子废物流的增长速度比传统的垃圾要快三倍。twiceaslongas写作联想:典例其他表达方式The electronic waste stream is increasing four times as fast as traditional garbage as a whole.The electronic waste stream is increasing four times the speed of traditional garbage as a whole.点击进入 能力提升题组训练
