1、初中学业水平测试说明与指导语法填空语法填空1.1.课标要求课标要求2.2.试题特点试题特点3.3.考点设置考点设置主要内容主要内容4.4.基本技能要求基本技能要求5.5.测练平台测练平台义务教育英语课程标准义务教育英语课程标准“语言知识语言知识”部分的五级语法要求是：部分的五级语法要求是：1.1.理解附录中理解附录中“语法项目表语法项目表*”中所列语法项目并能在特定语境中使用。中所列语法项目并能在特定语境中使用。2.2.了解常用语言形式的基本结构常用表意功能。了解常用语言形式的基本结构常用表意功能。3.3.在实际运用中体会和领悟语言形式的表意功能。在实际运用中体会和领悟语言形式的表意功能。4.
2、4.理解并运用恰当的语言形式描述人和物；描述具体事件和具体行为的发生、理解并运用恰当的语言形式描述人和物；描述具体事件和具体行为的发生、发展过程；描述时间、地点及方位；比较人、物体及事物等。发展过程；描述时间、地点及方位；比较人、物体及事物等。1.1.课标要求课标要求1.1.名词；名词；2.2.代词；代词；3.3.数词；数词；4.4.介词和介词短语；介词和介词短语；5.5.连词；连词；6.6.形容词；形容词；7.7.副词；副词；8.8.冠词；冠词；9.9.动词；动词；10.10.构词法；构词法；11.11.句子种类；句子种类；12.12.简单句的基本句型；简单句的基本句型；13.13.并列复合
3、句；并列复合句；14.14.主从复合句主从复合句“语法项目表语法项目表”中具体列举了对以下语法项目的要求：中具体列举了对以下语法项目的要求：语法填空这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，以及句式结构方面的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平。该试题要求学生阅读两篇短文，在不给提示的空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。这道试题在语篇层面上考查语法知识，把考查面扩大到了课标要求的包括冠词、名词、构词法等整个语法知识的范畴，而不仅仅考查动词的应用（虽然动词仍然是考查重点）。2.2.试题特点试题特点试题采用填空填空的形式，而不是单项选择，将会真正激活学生的语言知识及应用能力，
4、对整个初中阶段的英语教学有较好的反拨作用。考查内容既把某个单词的运用及词形变化纳入考查范畴，还将考查单句的语法结构，以及篇章意义和结构的连贯性。让学生在真实的语境中应用自己的语言知识。本试题以语篇为载体，在要求学生掌握的重点语法处设置考点，目的在于考查学生以下四方面的语言运用能力：1.1.阅读理解语篇的能力；阅读理解语篇的能力；2.2.分析句子结构的能力；分析句子结构的能力；3.3.熟练运用语法知识的能力；熟练运用语法知识的能力；4.4.单词拼写能力。单词拼写能力。本试题选用两篇短文两篇短文，总长度200200词左右词左右，设置10个空格，分值10分。试题的考查形式考查形式可以分为两类，一是填
5、填，二是变变。“填填”是无提示词的考查，要求学生根据文意、句式结构和上下文行文逻辑填入一个恰当的词，重点考查学生对冠词、代词、介词、连词等词类的掌握运用情况；“变变”是给提示词的考查，要求学生根据语境填写所给词的正确词形。所给提示词包括动词、名词、形容词、副词，这些词类的考查面较为广泛，谓语动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，名词的复数和所有格，形容词、副词的比较级和最高级。还有就是用所给单词的同根词进行词类转换，填入符合语法规范的正确形式。3.3.考点设置考点设置解答语法填空试题，要求学生首先通读全文，理解文章大意，进入到文章的情境中去，为解题做好准备。二是分析句子结构，确定空白处需要填入什么词性
6、。然后根据具体搭配原则，确定词形。最后通篇检查，注意全文前后连贯和一致。4.4.基本技能要求基本技能要求一、无提示词考查一、无提示词考查一）冠词一）冠词1.David is _ eight-year-old boy with short black hair.2.I usually ride bike to school3.Would you please turn off_TV?-OK,just a minute.【答案】1.an 2.a/the 3.the1.Nancy and Kate are good are both from England.2.Tomorrow is our te
7、achers birthday.Lets give_ a big surprise.3.After chatting happily with the new student in my class,I gave her my QQ number and she gave4.Peter doesnt feel sure of _in his new class.5.Ladies and gentlemen,attention please!I have important to tell you.(二）代词二）代词【答案】1.They 2.him/her 3.hers 4.himself 5.
8、something1.The 3D film The Angry Birds opened in Chinese cinemas May 20,2016.2.When James arrived at the railway station,he tried to look a place to park his car.3.Here is the book.First look_it and then tell me what you think of it.4.Many wild animals are danger,and its time for us to do whatever t
9、o protect them.5.A true friend will never run_from you when you are in trouble.6.More and more people have realized that we shouldnt pull in the cities.(三）介词和副词三）介词和副词【答案】1.on 2.for 3.through 4.in 5.away 6.down1.Smile at the world,_ the world will smile back to you.2.The boss was very rich,_ it didn
10、t make him happy because he was always worried about losing his money.3.How do you like th concert given by EXO?Exciting,_ one piece of the music wasnt played quite well.4.My Chinese teacher didnt go to bed _ he finished his work last night.5.To make your DIY work perfect,youd better not start _ you
11、 get all the tools ready.(四）连词四）连词【答案】1.and 2.but 3.though 4.until 5.before二、有提示词考查1.Mike often _ morning.2.We _(see)an exciting football match yesterday evening.3.There _(be)a sports meeting next Saturday.4.Dont make a noise.The baby _(sleep).5.I_(play)football when my friend came to see me.6.There
12、 are many clubs in our school.Which one do you want7.She asked me _(speak)louder.8.My brother got a job(earn)money for his holiday.(一）动词一）动词【答案】1.reads 2.saw 3.will be 4.is sleeping 5.wasplaying 6.to join 7.to speak 8.to earn1.Hangzhou is one of the most beautiful_(city)in China.2.Each couple in Chi
13、na can have two _(child)from January 1,2016.3.-How far is your home from school?-About five_(minute)walk4.September10th is _(teacher)Day in China.5.In a few years time,there will be more tall_(building)in our city.【答案】1.cities 2.children 3.minutes 4.Teachers5.buildings(二）名词二）名词1.He studies English m
14、uch _(hard)than the other students in his class2.This sweater doesnt suit me.Its a bit small.Could you give me a_(large)one?3.Now the air in our town is _(bad)than it used to be.Something must be done to stop it.4.Who used to get up _(early)in your class during the summer trip?5.-Who jumped the _(fa
15、r)of all in the long jump?-Li Lei did.6.She has been_(sleep)for three hours.7.He_(usual)goes to see his grandparents on Saturday.8.Please speak more_(slow)so that we can hear you clearly.(三）形容词和副词三）形容词和副词【答案】1.harder 2.larger 3.worse 4.earliest 5.farthest 6.asleep 7.usually 8.slowly1.This computer i
16、s not his.Its_(me).2.My grandma and grandpa are teachers.They both like _(they)studnts.3.-Laura,this is my backpack.Where is _(you)?-Mine is over there.4.-Who taught her German?-Nobody.She learned all by_(her).5.-Did you enjoy _ party,Jimmy?-Yes,Mum.We all had a wonderful evening.6.Autumn is the _(t
17、hree)season in a year.7.To finish the task,weve tried three times,and after dinner well try a_(four)time.(四）代词和数词四）代词和数词【答案】1.mine 2.their 3.yours 4.herself5.yourselves 6.third 7.fourth【2019济宁】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。AAs we all know,Wang Xuan was a very famous computer scientist andinvent
18、or in the world.He is famous 1_ the Chinese Language Lasertypesetting(激光照排系统）.Laser typesetting for Chinese language was a serious problem for scientists all over the world.But Wang Xuan was not afraid to try new technology.Although he 2_(fail)many times,he never gave up.He is believed to be the 3_(
19、important)developer in printing Chinese after Bi Sheng.Now,Wang Xuans amazing invention 4 _(use)all over the world.Wang Xuans story teaches us that a person5_(follow)his own dream and try his best to make it come true.例题解析例题解析【答案】1.for 2.failed 3.most important 4.is used 5.should followBChinas first
20、 set of AI(人工智能）textbooks 6_(come)into the classrooms of primary and secondary schools soon in many parts of China.The AI textbooks have already appeared in Shanghai and some experts 7_(test)some of them.Its said that these AI textbooks are popular with local students.It is reported that 8_(hundred)
21、of schools in China will use the textbooks for primary and secondary school students in 2019.These schools plan 9_(use)them in some of their classes as an experiment.In fact,AI has brought huge benefits(好处）to the education field.Students can not only choose10_(they)own ways to study,but also can stu
22、dy at home without going to school.6.will come 7.are testing/have tested 8.hundreds 9.to use 10.their 语法填空三类考点：语法填空三类考点：1 1、纯空格式的填空（介词、连词、逻辑关、纯空格式的填空（介词、连词、逻辑关 系词、冠词系词、冠词）2 2、所给动词的适当形式填空（时态、语态、所给动词的适当形式填空（时态、语态、to do/doing/doneto do/doing/done、固定搭配、固定搭配）3 3、词类转换（单复数、比较级、最高级、词类转换（单复数、比较级、最高级、代词代词）做题技
23、巧测练平台测练平台 (1)There were many people on a bus.An old man1 _ (look)here and there.He wanted to find 2_ empty seat.Then he saw one and went to it.A small bag was on the seat.And a young man was beside it.Is this seat empty?asked the old man.No,its 3_ an old woman.She went to buy some bananas,said the y
24、oung man.Well,let me sit here,please.Ill leave here when she 4_(come)back,replied the old man.After a few minutes,the bus started.The old woman 5_ (not come),but her bag is here.Let me give her the bag.Then the old man threw the bag out of the bus window.The young man jumped up and shouted,Dont thro
25、w!Its my bag!圈出关键词5开始4 3 2 1 0(1)There were many people on a bus.An old man1 _(look)here and there.He wanted to find 2_ empty seat.Then he saw one and went to it.A small bag was on the seat.And a young man was beside it.Is this seat empty?asked the old man.No,its 3_ an old woman.She went to buy some
26、 bananas,said the young man.Well,let me sit here,please.Ill leave here when she 4_(come)back,replied the old man.After a few minutes,the bus started.The old woman 5 _ (not come),but her bag is here.Let me give her the bag.Then the old man threw the bag out of the bus window.The young man jumped up a
27、nd shouted,Dont throw!Its my bag!lookedanfor comeshasnt come时间状语从句时间状语从句 主将从现主将从现 look here and there东张西望东张西望方法：做主语或宾语的名词或“形容词+名词”前无形容词性物主代词、不定代词等限定词时，根据上下文填冠词。empty以元音音素开头 A Spring Morning This spring morningin bed Im lying,Not to awake till thebirds are crying.After one night of wind and showers,H
28、ow many are the fallen flowers!(Translated by Xu Yuanchong)This poem 1_(write)by Meng Haoran(689-740),who lived during the Tang Dynasty.It might be one of the 2_(famous)poems about spring in China.People like to read it 3_ they wake up on a spring morning.Meng didnt directly say how much he loved sp
29、ring.Instead,he wrote about the details(细节)of the season:the birds,wind,rain showers and fallen flowers.His descriptions(描述）of these things showed 4_(we)the joy he felt during springtime.Meng chose to write about the sounds of spring.These sounds allow readers 5_(picture)spring using their own imagi
30、nation.(2)5开始4 3 2 1 0 A Spring Morning This spring morningin bed Im lying,Not to awake till thebirds are crying.After one night of wind and showers,How many are the fallen flowers!(Translated by Xu Yuanchong)This poem 1_(write)by Meng Haoran(689-740),who lived during the Tang Dynasty.It might be on
31、e of the 2_(famous)poems about spring in China.People like to read it 3_ they wake up on a spring morning.Meng didnt directly say how much he loved spring.Instead,he wrote about the details(细节)of the season:the birds,wind,rain showers and fallen flowers.His descriptions(描述）of these things showed 4_(
32、we)the joy he felt during springtime.Meng chose to write about the sounds of spring.These sounds allow readers 5_ (picture)spring using their own imagination.Meng Haoran lived a peaceful life on a mountain.CFP(2)was writtenmost famous when/afterusto picture动宾结构动宾结构固定结构固定结构allow sb.to do sth.动词，描述想象动
33、词，描述想象one of+the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+名词复数名词复数连词连词show sb.sth.show sb.sth.把某物展示给某人看把某物展示给某人看(3)An artist saw a beggar(乞丐）at the train station one day.He gave his last few 1_(coin)to the beggar.Then he saw another one,and forgot that he had no money in his pockets.He asked the man kindly if he would like to
34、have lunch with him.The beggar 2_(agree)without thinking.So they had a good meal together.In the end,the beggar had to pay the bill.The artist felt very sorry 3_ it,so he said to the beggar,Come home with 4 _(I)in a taxi,my friend.And Ill give you the money back.No way!the beggar shouted at once.I 5
35、 _ (pay)for your lunch.Im not going to pay for your taxi home!5开始4 3 2 1 0(3)An artist saw a beggar(乞丐）at the train station one day.He gave his last few 1_(coin)to the beggar.Then he saw another one,and forgot that he had no money in his pockets.He asked the man kindly if he would like to have lunch
36、 with him.The beggar 2_(agree)without thinking.So they had a good meal together.In the end,the beggar had to pay the bill.The artist felt very sorry 3_ it,so he said to the beggar,Come home with 4 _(I)in a taxi,my friend.And Ill give you the money back.No way!the beggar shouted at once.I 5 _ (pay)fo
37、r your lunch.Im not going to pay for your taxi home!coinsagreedformehave paid固定结构固定结构feel sorry for 感到抱歉感到抱歉绝不可能绝不可能few+few+名词复数名词复数介宾结构介宾结构(4)John studies at the towns school now.He has been there since last year.He isnt interested in studying.He prefers to make 1_(friend)and spend a lot of time ou
38、tside.He also likes playing computer games 2_ his friends.So of course,when the exam 3_(take)last week,he didnt get a good result and failed again.He thought,If my father knows all about it he 4_(become)angry and give me a good lesson.So he sent a note to his brother and asked his brother to get his
39、 father ready for the bad news.The next morning,he received the following answer,Father is ready.Youd better get ready for5_(you).(5)For the last hundred years,people of two villagesin Sumatra have used a 30-metre-long bridge.It is made of the roots(树根)of two1_(tree)on each side of the river.Pakih S
40、ohan,a teacher,began to build the bridge 2_ 1890.Because of the river,many children couldnt go to school.It took Pakih Sohan more than 26 years to make the strong bridge.The bridge is becoming stronger and stronger 3_ the roots grow all the time.On rainy days people should cross the bridge 4_(carefu
41、l).When it _5(rain),the bridge will become wet and slippery(滑的).More and more people travel there just to take some photos and try crossing it.开始109 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0(4)John studies at the towns school now.He has been there since last year.He isnt interested in studying.He prefers to make 1_(friend)
42、and spend a lot of time outside.He also likes playing computer games 2_ his friends.So of course,when the exam 3_(take)last week,he didnt get a good result and failed again.He thought,If my father knows all about it he 4_(become)angry and give me a good lesson.So he sent a note to his brother and as
43、ked his brother to get his father ready for the bad news.The next morning,he received the following answer,Father is ready.Youd better get ready for5_(you).friends with was takenwill becomeyourself固定短语固定短语make friends 固定短语固定短语play.with.条件状语从句条件状语从句 主将从现主将从现(5)For the last hundred years,people of two
44、 villagesin Sumatra have used a 30-metre-long bridge.It is made of the roots(树根)of two1_(tree)on each side of the river.Pakih Sohan,a teacher,began to build the bridge 2_ 1890.Because of the river,many children couldnt go to school.It took Pakih Sohan more than 26 years to make the strong bridge.The
45、 bridge is becoming stronger and stronger 3_ the roots grow all the time.On rainy days people should cross the bridge 4_(careful).When it _5(rain),the bridge will become wet and slippery(滑的).More and more people travel there just to take some photos and try crossing it.trees in becausecarefullyrains
46、时间状语从句时间状语从句 主将从现主将从现(6)When my husband was going to the dining-room this morning,he dropped some 1_(coin)on the floor.There were coins everywhere.We 2_(look)for them but couldnt find them all.While we 3_(have)breakfast,Tommy,our little boy,found two small coins on the floor.He put them 4_ his mouth
47、.We both shouted,Tommy,dont eat the coins.But it was too late.Later that morning,when I was doing the housework,my husband telephoned me from 5_(he)office.How is Tommy?he asked.I dont know,I answered,Tommy has been to the toilet three times,but I havent found any coins.coins looked were havingintohi
48、s固定短语固定短语put.into.(7)Last night I went to a concert of Chinese folk music.The piece which was played on the erhu especially moved me.I was made to feel sad and painful 1_(strong).The piece was named Erquan Yingyue,but it was one of the most moving pieces ofmusic that Ive ever heard.The erhu sounded
49、so sad 2_ I almost cried along with it as I listened.Abing who was a folk musician wrote the music.He could play many musical instruments with his 3_(father)help.By age 17,he 4_(know)for his musical skills.Today,Abings Erquan Yingyue is a piece which all the greatest Erhu masters play and praise.It
50、5_(become)one of Chinas national treasures.stronglythatfatherswas known/had been knownhas become固定短语固定短语 be known for(8)For little Brooklyn Andracke,her friend is a trash man(垃圾工）.The three-year-old girl just loves garbage day.Every Thursday morning,Brooklyn looks 1_ of her window and waits for the
