1、重难点词精讲appreciateaffairrefer to一词多义英语释义major 搭配义英语释义辨析义一词多义英语释义meansregard一词多义一词多义搭配义用法搭配demand一词多义英语释义strugglerelatecharacter一词多义一：词汇巩固一：词汇巩固1.nativePeriod I Listening and Speaking 1)native land/country/city/language 故乡/祖国/故里/母语2).You speak English like a native speaker.3).Is her uncle _ native of S
2、hanghai,or just a visitor?4).The researchers say that tiger is native _ China.5).We must protect our _(nation)interests.6).All applicants will be considered regardless of age,sex,religion or _(nation).atolocalnationalnationality2.attitude1).We should develop a good attitude _ life.2).So as for stude
3、nts like us,we should have a good attitude towards/to failure.to/towardshave/take/adopt/hold a/an.attitude to/towards3).Her hands were folded in an attitude of prayer.可数名词(formal)a position of the body 姿势注意形近词“altitude”n.海拔；高度reference n C&U 提及；涉及：提及；涉及：Avoid making any reference to his illness.U 查阅
4、；参考：查阅；参考：reference books C 推荐信；推荐人推荐信；推荐人 C 参考书目：参考书目：A list of references must be included.2019 天津 63.refer(.)to 谈到；提到谈到；提到 to mention or speak about sb/sth(mention)：The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his speech.北师大-22 查阅；参考查阅；参考 to look at sth or ask sb for informati
5、on(consult)：While giving the English speech,one is not allowed to refer to the notes.注意区别 look up 指的是指的是 to describe or be connected to sb/sthWhat does the underlined word“that”in paragraph 3 refer to?把把交送给：交送给：My colleague said that as the situation was unusual he would refer the matter to his edit
6、or.用所给单词的正确形式替换画线部分，使句意保持不变。用所给单词的正确形式替换画线部分，使句意保持不变。1.In his speech,he referred to a recent trip to Canada._2.When you meet with a new word,you can refer to a dictionary._ 3.The term“multitasking”originally referred to a computers ability to carry out several tasks at one time._4.scientist referred
7、 to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field._ _mentionedconsultmeantrefer to称称.为为.1.base v.&n.1.The base of the vase is very large.2.Do you know where the air base is?3.These policies have a broad base of the masses.4.The report is based on facts._ adj.基本的，基础的基本的，基础的 adv.基本上
8、，大体上基本上，大体上basicbasically一：优化探究词汇巩固一：优化探究词汇巩固PeriodII Reading and Thinkingn.基部，底座n.基地n.基础以.为基础5.We have all kinds of summer camps for your holiday.You can choose one (base)on your own interests.6.(base)on a true story,the film attracts many people.7.(base)an important decision more on emotion than o
9、n reason,you will regret it sooner or later.8.They decided to base the new company in York.(翻译)9.They made the camp _ the base of the hill.basedBasedBasing他们决定他们决定将将新成立的公司新成立的公司总部设在总部设在约克郡。约克郡。atdate back to 追溯到=date from 1.It is believed that Chinese calligraphy _(date)back to at least Han Dynasty.
10、2.Most of the Great Wall _(date)from the Ming Dynasty.3.Their family dates back hundreds of years,and the house where they live dates back to the 18 century.(翻译)4.This temple has a long history _(date)back to the early period of the Tang Dynasty.(单词竞赛）datesdatesdatingdate 短语1.The dictionary is out o
11、f date:many words have been added to the language since it was published.2.an out-of-date driving licence3.I think it wise to review how much weve spent to date.4.This model is the newest and most up to date.5.Thank you for your letter dated 24th March.6.Is he still dating Mary?陈旧的:过时的;过期的驾驶执照至今；到目前
12、为止最新的；时髦的注明日期；写上日期约会variety近义词：diverse/different/varieda variety of/varieties of=various/varied We may have varieties of/a variety of/various ways to deal with such a situation.vary considerably/greatly/widely 大不相同vary from.to.The students work varies considerably in quality.vary 近义词：differPrices of
13、 goods usually vary _ seasons.withHer mood varied from day _ day.tovary,variety,various1.Chinese food is famous for its_.2.More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it often offers a great _ of goods.3.We may have _ ways to deal with the situation.4.Test scores may_ from school to scho
14、ol.5.The two articles _ considerably.varietyvariousvarietyvaryvarymajor1.The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population.2.There is a major problem with parking in many cities.3.Her major is French.4.He inspires me to major _ English in college,to be a b
15、ridge between China and the world.5.The majority _(be)in favor of the proposal at the yesterdays meeting.6.Girls are very much _ the majority at the dance class.主要的；重要的严重的主修课程inwas/wereinmeans n 单复数同形 手段；方法 a way of doing sth or achieving sth：a means of transportation by all means 尽一切办法；务必；表示答应 当然可以
16、(of course)：Please by all means hand in the report on time.by means of 正式用语 借助；依靠：This is a two-year course taught by means of lectures.by no means 决不；一点也不 not at all：Punishment is by no means a wise choice to help students grow up mentally and physically.2011 陕西书面表达注：by no means 位于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序。Ive
17、 tried very hard to improve my English.But by no means is the teacher satisfied with my progress.Tom had high regard for his old law professor.regard n She has no regard for other peoples feelings.Please give my regards to your parents.With/In regard to his suggestions,we shall discuss them fully.关于
18、某事关于某事 用复数用复数 问候；致意：问候；致意：正式用语正式用语 关注关注have regard for=show respect for尊重尊重1.Never regard study as a duty.regard vt2.She stood back and regarded him coldly.3.Regarding your recent inquiry,I have enclosed a copy of our new brochure.4.Nobody has the right to spit in the street regardless of their soci
19、al position or age.不管；不顾：不管；不顾：关于关于(concerning/with/in regard to)注视；打量注视；打量把把看作；认为看作；认为是是regard/consider/look on.asappreciate1.appreciate(sb)doing sth:I really appreciate working with someone who does such a good job.Id appreciate it if:Id appreciate it if you could give me the opportunity.2.His tal
20、ents arent appreciated by his boss,which makes him depressed.感激；感谢 to be grateful for sth欣赏；赏识 to understand how good or useful sb/sth is：3.It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what my parents had done for me.理解；明白 1.I dont appreciate _(treat)like a second-class citizen.2.I w
21、ould appreciate _ if you could give me some advice on how to solve these problems.3.I will treat you to dinner _(appreciate)your help.4.She shows little _(appreciate)of good music.being treateditto appreciateappreciation20struggle一：词汇巩固一：词汇巩固Period IV21 The struggle for freedom was long and hard.vi（
22、与某人）搏斗；斗争；奋力前进；挣扎：（与某人）搏斗；斗争；奋力前进；挣扎：a struggling artist 2020 全国 struggle to ones feet/struggle ones way to struggle with/against:He has been struggling with illness for years.struggle for/to do sth:struggle for freedom/independence/human rights n C 斗争；奋斗；难事：斗争；奋斗；难事：高考链接：1.Many students will strugg
23、le _(find)a sense of belonging after entering college.（2016 北京改）2.Like it or not,our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle _ money.（2011 安徽）3.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle _ debt and misfortune.（2019 天津）to findforagainst/with1.Life became _struggle for survival.2.Losing we
24、ight was _terrible struggle.3.He struggled _cancer for two years.4.The woman struggled and screamed _ help.5.The young lady struggled _(support)his poverty-stricken family aaagainst/withforto supportequal.相等/平等:The rent was equal to half his monthly income.同样出色;比得上:The architecture here is equal to
25、any in the world.这里的建筑堪与世界，上任何同类建筑相媲美。能胜任(be up to):He is equal to his job.equal in size/length/height All human beings are equal.相等的平等的be equal tovi&vt 等于;比得上:Three times three equals nine.No one equals him in strength.n C同等的人/物:Let x be the equal of y.设x等于y.When it comes to the art of war,ants hav
26、e no equal1.I hope that he proves equal _the challenge.2.We are equal _every way.3.Dont you believe in _(equal)between men and women?toinequalitydemandmeet/satisfy ones demands/needsin(great)demandsupply and demandon demand满足某人需求非常需要；受欢迎的供求一经要求demand to do sth.demand that.(should)do sth.demand of sb
27、.to do sth.demanding1.He was much _ demand as a lecturer in the US.2.In America the demand _ oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.3.She demanded _(see)the manager.4.Her teachers demanded that she _(wear)longer skirts.5.He decided to quit his highly-paid but _(demand)job recently.6.The teacher dema
28、nded _ the students to get to school on time.inforto see(should)weardemandingof补充词汇补充词汇systemtransport/heating systemnervous systema system of governmentthe political/legal/education systemHis success was almost entirely due to his _ (system)hard work.系统系统体系制度systematicJoe is a good basketball playe
29、r despite _(be)short and fat.beingdespite=in spite ofIt is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life _ his great wealth.A.without B.despite C.in D.toIn spite of ups and downs,she never takes her fate lying down.B盛衰，沉浮；起伏symbol1.Red is a symbol of good luck in many cultures.2.Emojis are small sy
30、mbols representing ideas,emotions or feelings.象征符号；代号classica classic novel/film/goalShe displayed the classic symptoms of Covid-19.The novel may become a modern classic.classical music/literature经典的；第一流的有代表性的；典型的古典的经典作品，名著，杰作character1.My mom is a woman of great character who puts everyones needs b
31、efore her own._ 2.An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a persons character.（2011 湖北改_3.At the last moment,Tom decided to put in a new character to make the story seem more likely.（2013 全国）_ 4.The town is so beautiful!I just love it.The character of the town is well preserved.（2013
32、江苏）_ 5.Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters.（2016 全国）_ _ 品性品性性格性格角色角色/人物人物特色特色文字文字global1.Many people are worryingly ignorant of the facts about _(globe)warming.2.We need to start thinking _(global).globally整体地；全面地specific1.I gave you specific instruction
33、s.2.We discourage you from smoking except in specific areas.3.The disease seems to be specific _ certain types of plant.明确的；具体的 特定的tobe specific to .特有的globalaffair n C用复数事务用复数事务 important personal,business,national,etc.matters：current/international/business affairs常用单数事件；事情常用单数事件；事情 an event or sit
34、uation：the Watergate affair 暧昧关系；通奸；私通：暧昧关系；通奸；私通：a love affair state of affairs正式用语情况；局势；事态：正式用语情况；局势；事态：The state of affairs should no longer be ignored.beg1.They begged him _help.2.He begged _(tell)the truth.3.The _(beg)begged from the rich but they refused.forto be toldbeggargapLeave a gap betwe
35、en your car and the next.a gap in the conversationthe generation gapbridge/narrow the gapHe gave a detailed _(describe)of the procedure.开口；缺口间隔；间隙代沟消除/缩小差距descriptionbeyond descriptionrelate v常与常与to连用连用 vt&vi（使）（使）互有互有关联关联(connect)：The report seeks to relate the rise in crime to an increase in unemp
36、loyment.vt正式用语叙述；讲：正式用语叙述；讲：He related how the accident happened to us.vi 理解；认同：理解；认同：I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.The“new four great inventions”are all related to Chinas high-tech innovation.(be)related to 与有关同族词：relate,related,relation,relationship,unrelated
