1、Welcome UnitNew SemesterNew Semester，new Beginningnew BeginningLPeriod II Discovering Useful StructuresPeriod II Discovering Useful Structures1.语言知识：语言知识：look forward to;take notes,organization,goal,improve,简单句的基本句简单句的基本句型等。型等。2.语言技能：学会用简单句的基本句型口头和语言技能：学会用简单句的基本句型口头和书面表达句子；学会口头表达自己的学习风格书面表达句子；学会口头表达
2、自己的学习风格和学习策略。和学习策略。基本句型基本句型.英语句子按照其结构分为简单句、并英语句子按照其结构分为简单句、并列句和复合句。而句子的基本形式是由一个主列句和复合句。而句子的基本形式是由一个主语语(或并列主语或并列主语)和一个谓语和一个谓语(或并列谓语或并列谓语)构成。构成。语法精讲语法精讲1.SV:1.SV:主语主语+谓语谓语(不及物动词不及物动词)这种句型称为主谓结构，其谓语一般是不及物这种句型称为主谓结构，其谓语一般是不及物动词。动词。ClassClass beginsbegins.开始上课。开始上课。主语主语 谓语谓语Every secondEvery second count
3、scounts.分秒必争。分秒必争。主语主语 谓语谓语In order to keep fit,In order to keep fit,wewe should exerciseshould exercise regularly.regularly.主语主语 谓语谓语为了身体健康，我们应该经常锻炼身体。为了身体健康，我们应该经常锻炼身体。2.SVO:2.SVO:主语主语+谓语谓语(及物动词及物动词)+)+宾语宾语这种句型称为主谓宾结构，它的谓语一般为及物动词或及物动这种句型称为主谓宾结构，它的谓语一般为及物动词或及物动词短语，因此其后要接宾语。充当宾语成分的可以是词短语，因此其后要接宾语。充当
4、宾语成分的可以是名词名词(短短语语)、代词、动词不定式、动词、代词、动词不定式、动词-ing-ing形式形式等。等。SheShe likeslikes EnglishEnglish.她喜欢英语。她喜欢英语。主语主语谓语谓语 宾语宾语(名词作宾语名词作宾语)Our school photography clubOur school photography club is going to holdis going to hold 主语主语 谓语谓语an International High School Student Photography Showan International High
5、School Student Photography Show.宾语宾语(名词短语作宾语名词短语作宾语)我们学校的摄影俱乐部将要举办一个国际高中生摄影展。我们学校的摄影俱乐部将要举办一个国际高中生摄影展。3.SP:3.SP:主语主语+(+(连系动词连系动词+)+)表语表语这种句型称为主这种句型称为主(系系)表结构，常见的系动词分类如下：表结构，常见的系动词分类如下：(1)判断类：be，prove(证明是)。(2)持续类：keep(保持)，remain(仍然是；保持不变)，stay(保持)，lie(处于；保持)，stand(处于某种状态或情形)。(3)表象类：seem(似乎，好像)，appear
6、(看来，好像)，look(似乎，看来好像)。(4)感官类：feel(摸起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来),sound(听起来)，taste(尝起来)。(5)变化类：become(变成)，grow(逐渐变得；逐渐成为)，turn(变成，成为)，fall(变成)，get(变得)，go(变得)等。在该句型中，充当表语成分的多为形容词，也可以是名词、代词、副词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。HeHe becamebecame a teachera teacher.主语主语 谓语谓语 表语表语The short filmThe short film isis not only not only
7、 interestinginteresting but but 主语主语 系动词系动词 表语表语also also meaningfulmeaningful.表语表语这个短片不仅有趣而且有意义。4.SV IO DO4.SV IO DO：主语：主语+谓语谓语(及物动词及物动词)+)+间接宾语间接宾语+直接直接宾语宾语 这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构，在该句型中，谓语后接两个宾语：一个指人，是间接宾语；一个指物，是直接宾语。通常情况下，间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。I I boughtbought MaryMary a birthday gifta birthday gift.我给玛丽买了我给玛丽买了生
8、日礼物。生日礼物。主语主语 谓语谓语 间接宾语间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语The teacherThe teacher showedshowed meme how to operate the how to operate the machinemachine.主语主语 谓语谓语 间接宾语间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语老师教我如何操作机器。老师教我如何操作机器。特别注意特别注意有时根据强调需要，间接宾语可置于直接宾有时根据强调需要，间接宾语可置于直接宾语后，这时要在间接宾语前加介词语后，这时要在间接宾语前加介词toto或或forfor。这。这类动词有类动词有buy,give,offer,show,l
9、endbuy,give,offer,show,lend等。等。My motherMy mother gavegave a booka book to to the boythe boy.主语主语 谓语谓语 直接宾语直接宾语 介词介词 间接宾间接宾语语我妈妈给了那个男孩一本书。我妈妈给了那个男孩一本书。5.SVOC5.SVOC：主语：主语+谓语（及物动词）谓语（及物动词）+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语这种句型可称为主谓宾补结构，在某些及物动词后面，这种句型可称为主谓宾补结构，在某些及物动词后面，要用一个要用一个“宾语宾语+宾补宾补”结构才能表达完整的意思。宾语与宾结构才能表达完整的意思。宾语与
10、宾补合称为复合宾语，可以作宾语补足语成分的有：补合称为复合宾语，可以作宾语补足语成分的有：名词、形名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词等。等。Please(you)Please(you)makemake the roomthe room warmwarm.请把屋子弄得暖和些。请把屋子弄得暖和些。(主语主语)谓语谓语 宾语宾语 宾补宾补I would like you to join us in a performance.主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语 宾语补足语宾语补足语我想邀请你和我们一起表演节目。我想邀请你和我们一起表演节目。6.SVA:6.
11、SVA:主语主语+谓语谓语(不及物动词不及物动词)+)+状语状语不及物动词不及物动词(短语短语)后面不能直接加宾语，后面不能直接加宾语，但可以用状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子。但可以用状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子。My parentsMy parents came backcame back at this very momentat this very moment.主语主语 谓语谓语 时间状语时间状语就在这时，我的父母回来了。就在这时，我的父母回来了。7.SVOA：主语：主语+谓语（及物动词）谓语（及物动词）+宾语宾语+状语状语I completed my first marathon last
12、 April 主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语 时间状语时间状语in my hometown.地点状语地点状语去年去年4月我在家乡完成了第一次马拉松。月我在家乡完成了第一次马拉松。Theres always something exciting to do【句意】总有一些令人激动的事可以做。教材 P6There be句型，something为主语“形容词+不定式”作something的后置定语知识拓展知识拓展 There be.句型 There be句型为倒装结构，主要表示存在，其中There无意义，be为谓语动词，There be后面的名词或代词为主语。There be.句型中的be有时态的变化
13、，还可与助动词和情态动词连用。be 有时可以由exist,lie,stand,used to be,seem to be,appear to be等词(组)代替。There exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas.世界上任何语言或方言都能表达复杂的想法。There seem to be so many men that no enemy could stand against them.看起来有那么多人，以至于没有敌人可以抵抗他们。There be句型句型There be 结构的常用
14、句型：结构的常用句型：There be.to do有有要去做要去做There be.doing有有正在做正在做There be.done有有被做被做There is no point/sense(in)doing.做做是没有意义的是没有意义的There is no need(for sb)to do.(某人某人)没有必要做没有必要做There is no doubt that.毫无疑问毫无疑问There is nothing to be afraid of.没什么可怕的。没什么可怕的。There are some children swimming in the river.有些小孩在河里游泳
15、。有些小孩在河里游泳。There are ten people killed in the accident.事故中有十人丧生。事故中有十人丧生。There is no point in beating yourself up because something doesnt go the way you planned.太过自责是没有用的，因为有些事情不会像你太过自责是没有用的，因为有些事情不会像你计划的那样发展。计划的那样发展。牛刀小试牛刀小试1.There is a wallet _(lie)on the ground.2.There_(stand)a temple near the r
16、iver.3.There is a lot of homework _(do)tomorrow.4.There_(be)some changes since you left last week.lyingstands/stoodto do have been 牛刀小试牛刀小试5.There is no need_（wait)for him,for I dont think he will turn up.6.There _(be)an ashtray and two bottles on the shelf.7.There was nothing_(write)on it.8.There i
17、s no sense_（cry)over spilt milk.waitingwas/is written crying Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.汤姆期待遇见那个新的交换生。汤姆期待遇见那个新的交换生。教材教材 P6look forward to 盼望；期待；期望盼望；期待；期望 用法归纳用法归纳look forward to中的中的to是介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名是介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词。词。I am looking forward to your reply at your earl
18、iest convenience.我盼望尽快收到您的回复。我盼望尽快收到您的回复。I am looking forward to seeing my friends.我盼望见到我的朋友。我盼望见到我的朋友。核心词汇核心词汇联想拓展联想拓展含有含有looklook的其他常用短语的其他常用短语look look 短语动短语动词词look uplook up向上看向上看look up to look up to 敬仰敬仰look forward look forward 向前向前看看look throughlook through看穿；浏览看穿；浏览look down look down 向下看向下
19、看look down on/uponlook down on/upon瞧瞧不起不起look intolook into向里看；调查向里看；调查look out look out 向外看；小心向外看；小心look back look back 向后向后看看look back onlook back on回回顾顾Looking back on the past,he regretted making so many mistakes.回首过去，他后悔犯了那么多错误。It is really bad manners to look down upon others.轻视别人是非常不礼貌的。Two p
20、olicemen were called in to look into the case.两位警官被请来调查这个案子。While travelling,the visitors are reminded to look out for potential dangers.在旅行的时候，游客们被提醒当心那些潜在的危险。He is one of the greatest scientists who are worth looking up to.他是值得尊敬的最伟大的科学家之一。牛刀小试牛刀小试We are looking forward to _(hear)from you.He looke
21、d forward_(see)who was making a loud noise in the crowd.Many people have to look_the meaning of this word in the dictionary.He looked _the newspaper,hoping to find some useful information.I wasnt successful,so they looked_ on me.Look_!A trucks coming!Get out of the way!Well look _the matter first be
22、fore coming to a decision.I like to look _on my high school days,which are among the happiest in my life.hearingto seeupthroughdownoutintoback单元小测单元小测一、指出下列句子中画线部分充当的句子一、指出下列句子中画线部分充当的句子成分。成分。1.Smoking does harm to health.2.He handed me the newspaper.3.The weather has turned warm.4.Lucy painted the
23、wall pink.5.The boy cried after hearing the sad news.单元小测单元小测一、指出下列句子中画线部分充当的句子成一、指出下列句子中画线部分充当的句子成分。分。1.Smoking does harm to health.主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语 介词宾语介词宾语2.He handed me the newspaper.主语主语 谓语谓语 间接宾语间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语3.The weather has turned warm.主语主语 系动词系动词 表语表语4.Lucy painted the wall pink.主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾
24、语 宾语补足语宾语补足语5.The boy cried after hearing the sad news.主语主语 谓语谓语 时间状语时间状语二、根据汉语提示及句型要求，用所给词的正确形式完成句子。二、根据汉语提示及句型要求，用所给词的正确形式完成句子。1.leave1.leave_(_(他们将离开他们将离开)tomorrow.(SV)tomorrow.(SV)_(_(这个男孩离开了家这个男孩离开了家)yesterday.(SVO)yesterday.(SVO)_(汤汤姆总做不完作业姆总做不完作业)at night.(SVOC)at night.(SVOC)_(_(他留给儿子一所大房他留给
25、儿子一所大房子子)after his death.(S V I)after his death.(S V IO O DO)DO)They will leave/They are leaving.The boy left home.Tom always leaves his homework unfinished.He left his son a big house.2.help_(这个有用吗这个有用吗)？(SV)_(谁会帮助你谁会帮助你)tomorrow?(SVO)_(玛丽经常帮助别人做作业玛丽经常帮助别人做作业).(SVOC)_(这些建议有帮助这些建议有帮助).(SP)Does this
26、help?Who will help you?May always helps others to do homework?These suggestions are helpful/of help.三、根据汉语提示及句型要求完成句子。三、根据汉语提示及句型要求完成句子。1.I hope_(这个变化这个变化不会给您造成太多的麻烦不会给您造成太多的麻烦).(SVIO DO)2.Youd better bring_(一些一些有意义的礼物有意义的礼物).(名词作宾语名词作宾语)3.I sincerely invite you_(来我们学来我们学校校)(动词不定式宾补）动词不定式宾补）4.Im sur
27、e_(你会玩得开心你会玩得开心).(SVO)5._(早一点到早一点到达是非常重要的达是非常重要的).(SP)the change will not cause you too much trouble.some meaningful giftsto come to our school.you have a good time/enjoy yourself.Arriving a little earlier is very important/of great importance.新学期展翅翱翔New SemesterNew Semester，new Beginningnew Beginning
