1、12专题十三动词不定式、动专题十三动词不定式、动名词及缩写名词及缩写 34【例例】改错改错1.David and I wanted go off to find help but Bill insisted on staying near the car.(2016全国卷)_2.rather than go into the forest and getting lost.(2016全国卷)_3.David pointed to a path which he thought would probably leading to a village.(2016全国卷)_4.And whether
2、 you pay the cost of send a postcard,the librarian will write to you.(2016全国卷)_5【答案及解析答案及解析】1.wanted to。因为want 后要接不定式。2.gettingget。因为 get 与其前的go 并列。3.leadinglead。因为其前有would。4.sendsending。因为介词后接动名词作宾语。67动词不定式动词不定式一、形式一、形式8注：not 等加在动词不定式前构成否定形式。to be doing表示动词不定式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。to have done表示动词不定式的动作发
3、生在谓语动词的动作之前。9二、句法功能二、句法功能动词不定式是英语中非谓语动词的一种。在句子中充当主语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、状语等。1作主语：不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。Its important to learn a foreign language.102作宾语(1)只能接动词不定式作宾语的常用动词有：afford,agree,arrange,ask,choose,decide,demand,determine,expect,hope,learn,manage,offer,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish,etc.(2)
4、后接疑问代词或疑问副词不定式(wh to do，how to do)作宾语的常用动词有：decide,find out,forget,know,learn,remember,see,settle,understand,wonder,etc.I havent decided when to have a picnic.113作宾语补足语We were having dinner when I heard the telephone ring.(1)接不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的常用动词有感官动词“see,hear,feel,watch,notice,observe”等和使役动词“hav
5、e,let,make”。但被动语态后的宾语补足语则应带上“to”。(2)接带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise,cause,allow,ask,beg,drive,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,permit,persuade,remind,teach,tell,trust,want,warn,etc.124作定语：不定式作定语与前面的被修饰词构成动宾关系，但常用不定式的主动形式。Please give me something to eat.5作表语What the old man likes is to w
6、atch children play.136作状语He stopped to help the old lady get on the bus.(目的状语)Do you think she is clever enough to understand it?(结果状语)They were excited to hear the news.(原因状语)To hear him talk,you would think he owned the whole world.(条件状语)14注意：有些短语或句型后只能接不带 to 的动词不定式，如had better,would rather,rather
7、 than,why not 等。(help后可带to也可不带to)。Lets finish the work now rather than leave it off till tomorrow.15动动 名名 词词动名词是非谓语动词的一种，在句子中可以用作主语、动词或介词的宾语、定语和表语。Getting up late is a lazy habit.(主语)My favourite winter sport is skiing.(表语)Everyone has his own way of relaxing.(介词宾语)Im afraid that you have to smoke i
8、n the smoking room.(定语)161既可接动名词又可接动词不定式作宾语，意思有区别的动词(短语)有：forget,remember,try,regret,mean,go on 等。forget/remember to do 忘记/记得将要做或应该做某事forget/remember doing 忘记/记得已做过某事try to do尽力去做try doing做试试regret to do 抱歉(地说、通知、告知)regret doing后悔做了17mean to do打算、存心(做)mean doing意味着go on to do 继续做另一件事go on doing继续做(在
9、做着的事)stop to do停下(所做之事)去做stop doing停止正在做的事182既可接动名词又可接动词不定式作宾语，意思没有很大区别的动词有：begin,start,continue,like,love,hate,prefer 等。3只能接动名词的常用动词有finish,enjoy等。Students should finish doing their schoolwork on time every day.4常用句型：Its no use doingThere is no use doing做也是徒然的Its no good doing 做没有好处Theres no point
10、doing 做没有意义 1920用括号内单词的正确形式填空用括号内单词的正确形式填空1.When I came in,I saw Dr.Li _(examine)a patient.2.I dont know whether you happened _(hear)it，but Im going to the UK to study English literature.3.Mum,why do you give me so much popcorn?_(kill)the boring time.4.The graduating students are busy _(collect)mate
11、rial for their reports.21答案：答案：1.examining 2.to have heard3.To kill 4.collecting 225.People are not allowed _(talk)freely at the meeting and they dont allow _(smoke)either.6.You can ask your teachers _(help)you when you have trouble.7.Our teachers often ask us to go over the answers carefully before
12、 _(hand)in our papers.8.Sarah wanted _(make)some friends,so she entered an Internet chat room.23答案：答案：5.to talk;smoking 6.to help7.handing 8.to make 249.We were astonished _(find)the temple still in its original condition.10.His first book _(publish)next month is based on a true story.11.In many peo
13、ples opinion,that company,though relatively small,is pleasant _(deal with).12.Dont forget _(turn off)the light when you leave the room.25答案：答案：9.to find 10.to be published11.to deal with 12.to turn off2627 将下列文章缩写成100词左右的短文。短文必须包含原文的要点。Most children take part in afterschool clubs.Activities include
14、sports,language learning,music,and math classes.Pushy parents are nothing new,but now parents seem to push their children a lot more.Parents see other children doing a lot of things,and they feel their own children should do the same.28Linda Miller,a mother of three in London,knows all about such pr
15、essure.“In some families,competition starts from a very young age，”she says.“Mothers send their kids to all kinds of classes when they are very young.And they are always comparing them with other children.Its crazy.People shouldnt push their kids so hard.”29Dr.Alice Green agrees.She also says that t
16、hese children may find it hard to think for themselves when they are older.“Parents are trying to plan their kids lives for them.When these kids are adults,they might find it difficult to plan things for themselves.”Parents should learn to give their kids a bit more time to themselves.On the one han
17、d,children need organized activities.On the other hand,they also need time and freedom to relax,and they need time to do things by themselves.30【参考答案参考答案】One possible version：Most children take part in all kinds of clubs.Parents seem to push their kids to do many things.Parents think their own child
18、ren should do the same things as other children do.Linda Miller,a mother of three in London doesnt think its proper to push kids so hard.She thinks kids lives are hard when they are very young.31 Dr.Alice Green agrees.She also says,“kids wont look after themselves well when theyre older.”Children should do some organized activities.And they also need to relax and do things by themselves.32
