1、第1页共17页三 峡 大 学2015年研究生入学考试试题(B卷)科目代码： 211 科目名称： 翻译硕士英语 考试时间为3小时，卷面总分为100分答案必须写在答题纸上Part I PART I GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE ( 10 )There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that
2、 correctly completes the sentence. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.1. Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free， owing to its always_with other elements， most commonly with oxygen.A. being combined B. having combined C. to combine D. combined2. Physics is the present day equivalent of _used to
3、be called natural philosophy， from _ most of present day science arose.A. which， what B. that， which C. what， which D. what， that3. On no account _ever leave the baby at home alone.A. should you B. you should C. shall you D. you shall4. _the center of our planetary system was considered as heresy by
4、 the church in the Middle Ages.A. It is the sun and not the earth B. That the sun and not the earthC. Being the sun and not the earth D. The sun and not the earth第2页5. The reason that his property was confiscated by the country， it _， was that he was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities during
5、 the war.A. was turned out B. was being turned out C. being turned out D. turned out6. Id rather you _by train because the weather forecast said there would be heavy snow tomorrow.A. went B. should go C. will go D. go7. Einstein won the Nobel Prize in 1921 and enjoyed great fame in Germany until the
6、 rise of Nazism _he was expelled from Germany because he was a Jew.A. when B. who C. then D. which8. Nowhere but in the remotest region of the country _find a place to settle down.A. can he B. he can C. he D. for him to9. With one leg broken in that car accident， he cannot even walk，_run.A. let alon
7、e B. thats to say C. not to speak D. not to mention10._， she led a life of complete seclusion.A. Being disgraced B. Disgraced C. Disgracing D. She was disgraced11. Sometimes a bus _gets on the bus to check the tickets.A. agent B. officer C. conductor D. inspector12. He made a quick _from his illness
8、.A. relief B. recovery C. survival D. relaxation13._the stress of examinations are over， we can all relax.A. While B. Even though C. Now that D. For14. My cousin Nancy is often in a poisonous mood; I suppose its because she is _child.A. one B. a lone C. a single D. an only15._the factors already ref
9、erred to， people sometimes feel insecure because their motives are misunderstood by others.A. But for B. Except for C. Apart from D. Except that第3页16. If the scheme is _carried out without waste of time or energy I shall be completely satisfied.A. relatively B. noticeably C. appropriately D. efficie
10、ntly17. One day we all may find it useful to have a（n） _for sending documents， writing any pictures across the telephone lines.A. receiver B. echo C. extension D. facility18. To their credit the Department of Energy _these ideas and funded a detailed study.A. took over B. took on C. took up D. took
11、to19. Feeling that she was in the right， she took _at the dirty remark.A. protection B. offense C. defense D. guard20. They agreed to share in common any _of funds after all expenses were paid in full.A. sufficiency B. surpass C. excess D. surplusPART I SECTION B PROOFREADING & CORRECTION ( 15 )The
12、following passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the
13、end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “”sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.第 4 页For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash / and putthe word in the blank provided at the end o
14、f the line.Time spent in a bookstore can be enjoyable, if 21._you are a book-lover or merely there to buy a book apresent. You may even have entered the shopjust to find shelters away a sudden shower. 22._Whatever the reasons, you can soon become totallyunaware of your surroundings. The desire to pi
15、ckup a book with an attractive dust jacket isirresistible, even this method of selection ought 23._not to be followed, as you might end up with arather bored book. You soon become engrossed in 24._some book or other, and usually it is only muchlater that you realize you have spent far much 25._time
16、there and must dash off to keep some forgottenappointment - without buying a book, of course.This opportunity to escape the realities ofeveryday life is, I think, the main attraction of abookshop. There are not many places where it isimpossible to do this. A music shop is very much 26._like a booksh
17、op. You can wander round such places第5页to your hearts content. If it is a good shop, noassistant will approach to you with the inevitable 27._greeting: Can I help you, Sir? You neednt buyanything if you dont want. In a bookshop anassistant should remain the background until you 28._have finished bro
18、wsing. Then, only then, are hisservices necessary. Of course, you may want tofind out where a particular section is, since when he 29._has led you there, the assistant should retirediscreetly and look as he is not interested in 30._selling a single book.PART II READING COMPREHENSION SECTION A Multip
19、le Choice ( 30 )In this section, there are several reading passages followed by a total of fifteen multiple choice questions, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your answer sheet. T
20、ext A Since its foundation in 1954, the United Nations has written into its major covenants(契约) the need to establish minimum ages for marriage. But the custom of marriage is a highly sensitive cultural issue, mainly because it is so unpleasantly involved with womens rights and societal traditions a
21、nd practices, and rules on 第6页marriage vary widely between countries. Some countries, particularly in West Africa, still do not have a legal minimum age for marriage.In the West, a 13-year-old is still considered a child. Even getting married in ones late teens is not usually encouraged because marr
22、ied life is likely to interfere with a young womans education and consequently restrict opportunities in later life. And there are also physical dangers in giving birth so young. The World Health Organization has over the past ten years identified early childbirth as a major cause of female mortalit
23、y in many countries.Under Islamic religious law, the age of consent for sex and marriage is puberty, which Muslims say is in harmony with the biological transition from childhood into adulthood. In Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia, Iran and Pakistan, the age of puberty at around 13 or 14 is the
24、 legal age for marriage, but in Turkey it is 15, and in Egypt and Tunisia, 18 the same minimum age as in many Western countries. It is argued that by allowing earlier marriages, Islamic law is promoting stable relationships, while Western laws are encouraging promiscuity among young people. In many
25、countries, the trends of urbanization and education for girls have seen a drop in the number of child brides. However, early marriages continue to occur in poor rural areas, where society works very much on personal arrangement between families, villages and communities. And it doesnt only happen in
26、 countries which dont have a legal minimum age. In India, for example, the legal age of marriage for a girl is 18 and to a boy, 21. Yet, according to government statistics, 18 percent of ten to fourteen-year old girls in the poor, rural state of Rajasthan in the northwest of the country are married.
27、 There are obvious social and economical advantages for doing this: by marrying off their daughters early, families no longer have to provide for them ; and the younger the bride the smaller the dowry(嫁妆), or wedding price, demanded by the grooms family.第7页 31. What is the topic of this passage?A. C
28、hild brides.B. Early marriages. C. Minimum age for marriage.D. Different attitudes towards early marriages.32. The word “promiscuity”(Line 9, Para. 3) means_.A. unstable partnership B. firm partnership C. diverse relationship D. single relationship33. _is likely to marry late.A. Women from less educ
29、ated background B. Women from rural areas C. Women from Islamic countries D. Women from cities34. Child marriages are NOT related to _according to the passage.A. social position B. rural customs C. personal arrangements D. religion35. According to the passage, getting married early does all of the f
30、ollowing EXCEPT_.A. reducing a young womans education B. limiting a young womans chancesC. causing infant death D. doing harm to a young womans health第8页Text BAs you all know, the United States is a country on wheels. Nearly eight million new cars are made each year; four households out of five own
31、at least one car, and more than a quarter have two each. Yet youll be surprised to learn that some of the car-owners even suffer from malnutrition（营养不良）. In 1968, a nation-wide survey of malnutrition was made for the first time. It found that 10 million people are suffering in health through inadequ
32、ate feeding; the causes of their plight（困境）were varied. Unemployment over a long period should be considered as the main factor. And unemployment, strange to say, nine times out of ten results from automation, both in industrial and agricultural areas. For example, in the rural South when a cotton p
33、lantation suddenly cuts its force from 100 people to three, the problem to help the displaced arises. So is the case with industrial automation. In fact, probably 2 million jobs are made unnecessary each year in the whole country as a result of the automation process, thus making unemployment a chie
34、f social concern. According to government statistics, the number of people unemployed was over 5 percent for the period from 1958 to 1963. In July 1981, it rose to 7.8 percent. As a matter of fact, it has long been known that even during the most prosperous periods there have been people without eno
35、ugh to eat. So I think thats why President Kennedy said in his inauguration speech in 1961, if the government did not help the poor, it could not save the rich.In 1966, the Social Security Administration calculated that a family of four needed an income of $3,355 a year to be above the line of pover
36、ty. And in 1977, the average poverty line of the country was slightly more than $6,200 annual income for a non-farm family of four. According to the Social Security Act, families of that size below poverty line are eligible to receive benefits from the special welfare program. The average weekly pay
37、ment of benefits now is equivalent to 36 percent of the 第9页It is clear, then, that child marriages are connected with poverty, lack of education and rural customs such as dowries; there dont tend to be any child marriages in urban or rich areas. So, unless these real causes are addressed, it will be
38、 extremely hard to enforce change, even when change is dictated by a countrys governing body.workers normal wage. And the number of people who receive government benefits is increasing. In 1973, social insurance payments by governments, mainly to old age pensioners and people who had lost their jobs
39、 or were off work through illness, amounted to $86,000 million. Those not fully qualified for insurance payments received $29,000 million in public aid. But problems still exist. Many people are not reached by the anti-poverty program, because local authorities and agencies do not want to play their
40、 part or do not gave the resources to do so. Some poor people will not accept help for various reasons. Of course, there are some more important factors which lie in the structure of the society, but I dont consider it necessary to dig into them here. Yet we will perhaps agree that social welfare pr
41、ograms have solved to some extent the problems of feeding, clothing and housing those below the poverty line. On the whole, it perhaps might be said that American people are living a better life than people in most other countries.36. The United States is called a country on wheels because_.A. about
42、 one-fourth Americans own two cars B. a bit over one out of four households are the owners of two carsC. nearly 8 million new cars drive in the country every year D. 80% Americans have at least one car37. According to a 1968 survey, ten million Americans found themselves in a difficult health situat
43、ion chiefly due to _.A. inadequate feeding B. malnutrition C. unemployment 第10页D. automation38. The author use ”the displaced”(Line 9, Para. 2) to refer to those who are _.A. unemployed B. disabled C. sick D. poor39. The word “eligible”(Line 6, Para.3) is synonymous with “_”A. necessary B. urgent C.
44、 needed D. worthy40. Americans are living a better life than those in most of other countries because, to some degree, _.A. many Americans receive benefits from the special welfare programB. some poor people can receive help for some reason or otherC. there is the anti-poverty program in the U.S.D.
45、social welfare programs have some measure settled the problems of those below the poverty line.TextCA scientific panel convened by the World Health Organization recommended guidelines on Friday for doctors conducting clinical studies of SARS patients. The panel urged doctors to apply the guidelines
46、in analyzing the masses of potentially useful information about various therapies that were collected in this years epidemic. Much of that information has not been published or analyzed.“It is a matter of urgency to get better analysis and review,” said Dr. Simon Mardel, a WHO official who led the two-day meeting that ended on Friday. He said thousands of potential therapies and compounds had been tested so far as research
