1、第1页 共 12 页三 峡 大 学2012年研究生入学考试试题(A卷)考试科目代码： 791 科目名称：综合英语 总分值：150分 考试时间：3小时（考生必须将答案写在答题纸上）. Choose the right one from A. B. C. D for each blank:(20分)请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号!1. Use our online calculator and you will find out what your weighted average interest rate would be if you _with us.A. consolidate B
2、. constituteC. construct D. consume2. I will not leave you_; I will come to you.A. desirable B. desolateC. desperate D. destructive3. Hawaii begins first program to _ avian flu at airport.A. detain B. detectC. determine D. develop4. Here again is a case that seems to me to illustrate the suicidal _
3、of the business community. A. incense B. incline C. include D. impulse5. And professional staff must be willing to work hard _ volunteers in the decision making process.A. invade B. intrudeC. investigate D. involve6. Every man and woman should vote for the candidate of _ choice. A. his B. ones C. it
4、s D. their7. A fool _ a wise man counsel.A. can give B. may giveC. can be D. may be第2页共12 页8. Liquid are like solids _they have a definite volume.A. in that B. for thatC. with that D. at that9. I dont know how well be able to do without you. No one can fill your _.A. role B. work C. shoes D. job10.
5、My boss promised me the _but only paid the minimum wage.A. benefit B. checkC. moon D. sun11. Harriet, full of courage, felt the battle was _.A. at hand B. on hand C. in hand D. by hand12. Steam engines still serve us well _.A. at large B. at easeC. at sea D. at liberty13. Eight people are _ in conne
6、ction with the illegal online release of the final Star Wars film.A. blamed B. chargedC. condemned D. accused14. The _ wage rate is defined as the average wage paid to employed workers.A. prevailing B. precedingC. proceeding D. prescribing15. Their absurd “protection” has been strongly _by Chinese p
7、eople.A. vetoed B. rejectedC. denied D. refused16. Thousands of _at the stadium came to their feet to pay tribute to an outstanding performance.A. audience B. participants C. spectators D. observers17. A good doctor knows that knowledge about medicine will continue to change and that, therefore, for
8、mal professional training can never be an _guide to good practice. A. adaptable B. absolute C. invaluable D. obsolescent18. Cynics believe that people who_ compliments do so in order to be praised twice.A. bask in B. give out C. despair of D. shrug off第3页共 12 页19. The commissions criticized the legi
9、slature for making college attendance dependent on the ability to pay, charging that, as a result, hundreds of qualified young people would be _further education. A. entitled to B. striving for C. deprived of D. uninterested in20. The breathing spell provided by the_ arms shipments should give all t
10、he combatants a chance to reevaluate their positions. A. moratorium on B. reciprocation of C. concentration on D. development of. Choose the right word from the list given below for each blank:( 10分) 请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号!relationships introduced economically differ supervenient physically global inclu
11、de mental have handle propertiesSupervenience（随附性）has traditionally been used to describe（1）_ between sets of properties in a manner which does not imply a strong reductive relationship. For example, many hold that economic properties supervene on physical properties, in that if two worlds were exac
12、tly the same physically, they would also be the same （2）_. There are also several kinds of global supervenience relations, which were（3）_ to handle cases in which worlds are the same at the base level and also at the（4）_ level, but where the ways the properties are connected and distributed in the w
13、orlds(5)_. For example, it is consistent with(6)_ mentalphysical supervenience on the simple formulation described above for two worlds to（7）_the same number of people in the same physical states, but for the （8）mental states to be distributed over those people in different ways. To（9）_ this, proper
14、ty-preserving isomorphisms are used, and once this is done, several varieties of global supervenience can be defined. Other varieties of supervenience （10）_ multiple-domains supervenience and similarity-based supervenience. Read the following texts carefully and then make a correct choice to answer
15、the questions after each text:(40分)请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号!TEXT AThe Internet has come a long way from its origins as a research network. Today, users routinely listen to radio broadcast across the net, download short videos from 第4页共12 页the World Wide Web and access information from thousands of governm
16、ent and private databases. But the fortuitous success and growth of the Internet has severely strained the functional limits of the Internet protocol as well as the underlying router networks. Of even greater concern are the new applications in the offing which require far more facilities than the n
17、etwork now provides. Internet commerce, gigabyte file transfer, live video transmission, secured email/data and voice/video conferencing are just a few of the applications that Internet service providers are coming out with, the smorgasbord promises to choke an already overloaded network. Simply add
18、ing bandwidth to the Internet backbones is not an answer. It will only raise the cost of admission for everyone. Fortunately, there is a way to clear up the Internet current bandwidth bottleneck while providing a rich platform for tomorrows services. The solution is ATM. To see how ATM can facilitat
19、e the evolution of the Internet, we will look at the challenges the Internet currently faces and consider how ATM can play a role in overcoming them. Before users start conducting business on the Internet and sending mission critical data across it, the networks reliability will have to match that o
20、f telephone circuits. The current best effort approach yields an environment which is too unstable for mission critical data. Random congestion on router backbones can cause IP packet discards whenever the volume of traffic exceeds the bandwidth capacity-phenomenon experts facetiously refer to as pu
21、mp and pray networking. The ability of ATM networks to separate mission critical traffic from Internet noise via virtual circuits is the first step in identifying non-discardable traffic as it transits the network. The second step is using ATMs Available Bit rate service class-a system in which netw
22、ork switches continuously update end stations on the available network bandwidth. ABR thereby allows end devices to maximize the usage of network resources without the risk of congestion. Business users of the Internet are assured safe passage of their data. Because these virtual circuits are able t
23、o match the reliability of leased lines, service providers are able to charge a premium for such facilities, while keeping regular access inexpensive.Questions 1-51. What is the the long way that the Internet has come? A. The accidental success of the Internet. B. The large quantity of information p
24、rovided by the Internet. C. The growth of the Internet function. D. The downloading of short videos.2. Smorgasbord in the smorgasbord promises to choke an already overloaded network 第5页共12 页 Means _. A. more facilities B. the router networks C. the functional limits D. new and various applications3.
25、 Which of the following is NOT true? A. Adding bandwidth to the Internet is a solution which will cost more. B. The rich platform provided by ATM is a kind of hardware. C. ATM makes the development of the Internet easier. D. The network is overloaded because of the growth of the Internet application
26、s.4. The tone of the author is_ when referring to the phrase pump and pray networking. A. humorous B. skeptical C. critical D. satirical5. At the end of the article, the author seems to suggest that_. A. ATM will not benefit the business users since the service will be charged B. the leased lines ar
27、e more reliable than the virtual circuits C. ATM will be widely applied for its reliability and inexpensiveness D. there are two steps in fixing the non-discardable trafficTEXT BModerate drinking reduces stroke risk, study confirms. Similar to the way a drink or two a day protects against heart atta
28、cks, moderate alcohol consumptions wards off strokes, a new study found. The study also found that the types of alcohol consume-beer, wine or liquorwas unimportant. Any of them, or a combination, was protective, researchers reported in todays Journal of the American Medical Association. No study has
29、 shown benefit in recommending alcohol consumption to those who do not drink, cautioned the authors, led by Dr. Ralph L. Sacco of Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York. But the new data supports the guidelines of the National Stroke Association, which say moderate drinke
30、rs, may protect themselves from strokes by continuing to consume alcohol, the authors said. The protective effect of moderate drinking against heart attack is well established, but the data has been conflicting about alcohol and strokes, the author said. The new study helps settle the question and i
31、s the first to find blacks and Hispanic benefit as well as whites, according to the authors. Further research is needed among other groups, such as Asian, whom past studies suggest may get no stroke protection from alcohol or may even be put at greater risk. Among groups where the protective effect
32、exists, its mechanism appears to differ from the protective effect against heart attacks, which occurs through boosts in level of so-called good cholesterol, the authors said. They speculated alcohol may 第6页共 12 页protect against stroke by acting on some other blood trait, such as the tendency of blo
33、od platelets to clump, which is key in forming the blood clots that can cause strokes. The researchers studied 677 New York residents who live in the northern part of Manhattan and had strokes between July 1, 1993, and June 1997. After taking into account differences in other factors that could affe
34、ct stroke risk, such as high blood pressure, the researchers estimated that subjects who consumed up to two alcoholic drinks daily were only half as likely to have suffered clot-type strokes as non-drinkers. Clot-type strokes account for 80 percent of all strokes, a leading cause of US deaths and di
35、sability. Stroke risk increased with heavier drinking. At seven drinks per day, risk was almost triple that of moderate drinkers. An expert spokesman for the American Heart Association, who was not involved in the study, said it was well-done and important information. But it shouldnt be interpreted
36、 to mean, I can have two drinks and therefore not worry about my high blood pressure or worry about my cholesterol, said Edgar J. Kenton, an associate professor of clinical neurology at Thomas Jefferson University Medical College in Philadelphia. Instead, he said, the study provides good reason to d
37、o further research and to add alcohol to the list of modifiable risk factors for stroke.Questions 6-106. The new study conducted by Dr. Sacco and his colleagues is unique in that_. A. it refutes early studies on the protective effects of moderate drinking against heart attack B. it conforms early st
38、udies of moderate drinking against heart attacks C. it helps to resolve the disputes over the effect of moderate drinking against stroke D. it finds that moderate drinking can benefit people of different races equally well7. According to Dr. Sacco,_. A. different wines work differently on drinkers a
39、t stroke risk B. non-drinkers should also consume a moderate amount of alcohol C. drinkers should keep to one kind of alcohol to ward off strokes D. moderate alcohol consumption protects against strokes8. Which of the following statements is true about the effect of drinking against strokes? A. Mode
40、rate drinking protects against heart attacks and strokes in different ways. B. Even heavy drinkers suffer less chance of a stroke than non-drinkers.C. Alcohol works only on patients who suffer clot-type strokes to protect them.第7页共12 页D. White people are more likely to benefit from moderate drinking
41、 than nonwhites.9. From the fourth paragraph we learn that_. A. heart attacks are more likely caused by alcohol than stroke B. moderate drinking discourages blood platelets from clotting C. boosting the levels of good cholesterol can lead to heart attacks D. moderate drinking protects people by maki
42、ng the blood cell clump10. What is said in the last paragraph by Dr. Kenton indicates that_. A. he is in serious doubt about the validity of the study B. drinking alone can not protect against strokes C. people should add alcohol to their daily dietD. the study has not established a relation between
43、 drinking and high blood pressure TEXT CDivorce is one of those creations, like fast food and little rock, that have more people willing to indulge in it than people willing to defend it. Back in th1960s, easier divorce was hailed as a needed remedy for toxic relationships. But familiarity has bred
44、contempt. In recent years, the divorce revolution has been blamed for worsening all sorts of problems without bringing happiness to people in unhappy marriages. Theres a lot of evidence that martial breakup does more social harm than good. In their 2000 book, The Case for Marriage, Linda Waite and Maggie Gallagher document that adults who are married do better than singles in wealth, health and personal satisfaction. Children liv
