1、Unit 5 First AidLearning About Language动词动词ing形式形式To identify the meaning of some vocabulary from the passage.To practice key vocabulary from the passage in a paragraph.Write rite a word you haa word you have e learnt in this unit earnt in this unit before efore each definitioneach definition.1._ a
2、part of the body that has a particular purpose,such as the heart or the brain2._ a chemical,usually a liquid,that has a pH of hess than sevenorganacid3._ one thousandth of a meter4._ energy sent out in waves5._ material used for making cloth,curtains,etc.6._ a person who has been attacked,injured,or
3、 killedmillimeterradiation/fabricvictimraysChoose the right wordChoose the right word(s s)from A from A-C to compC to complete ete each short coneach short conversationersation.1.A:The price for this car?Fifteen thousand dollars out the door!What a deal!B:Well,if the car hadnt been in an accident,th
4、at would be a good price,but it has a few _ problems.A.slight B.minor C.tinyA/B2.A:Ouch!My leg really hurts!B:Why dont you take some medicine to _ the pain?A.reduce B.relax C.ease3.A:Have you treated any real emergencies in your first-aid course at the Red Cross?B:Well,they let us ride along with so
5、me paramedics.Once,we gave first aid to a _ of a traffic accident before rushing him to the hospital.A.victim B.patient C.suffererA/CA4.A:Did you hear that three people died in a fire last night?B:What a terrible _!How did it happen A.accident B.incident C.occasion5.A:Can I see you for a moment?B:Is
6、 it a matter of _?A.urgency B.emergency C.seriousnessAALooLook at the sentences in acti at the sentences in activity 2 and pay attention ity 2 and pay attention to each optionsto each options.rise/arise(口头语言和口头语言和文文学用语学用语)encounter/come across(正式用语和非正式用语正式用语和非正式用语)endure/stand(书面用语和口头用语书面用语和口头用语)und
7、erground/subway(英式英语和美式英语英式英语和美式英语)reject/decline(隐含意义不同隐含意义不同)surprise/astound(语义强烈程度不同语义强烈程度不同)Read the passage aead the passage about out chemicachemical burns and fiurns and fill in in the the blananks with the correct forms of the words in s with the correct forms of the words in the the boxox.
8、A chemical burn occurs when your skin or eyes come into contact with an _ or other chemicals.Such _ can be very dangerous and require _ attention.acidincident,loose,urgent,organ,acid,victimincidentsurgentChemical burns can even affect your internal _ if the chemicals are swallowed.First aid should b
9、e given to chemical burns immediately.For example,wrap the burnt area _ with a clean cloth if possible.It is important to send the _ to the hospital right away if he or she is severely burnt.organsincident,loose,urgent,organ,acid,victimlooselyvictimC Close your ose your boo ook,and rete and retell t
10、he short passage the short passage by using y using the fothe following owing key wordsey words:a chemical burn,skin or eye,come into contact with,acid,dangerous,urgent attention,affect,internal organs,swallow,wrap,severely,hospital 1.ease vi.&vt.something unpleasant gradually improves or becomes le
11、ss 减减轻，缓解轻，缓解 n.do something easy and feel comfortable 舒适舒适；容易容易；自在自在 at ease 舒适舒适;快活快活;自由自自由自在在eg The most universal facial expression is,of course,the smileits function is to show happiness and put people at ease.【拓展拓展】with ease 轻易地轻易地;毫不费力地毫不费力地feel/look at ease 感到感到/看看上去心情放松上去心情放松put/set sb at(o
12、nes)ease 使某人放松、松弛使某人放松、松弛take ones ease 休息休息;轻松一下轻松一下ease sb.of sth.减轻减轻(消除消除)某人某人(痛苦痛苦)ease the pain/stress 减轻痛苦减轻痛苦/压力压力ease sb.into sth.使某人熟悉（新工作等）使某人熟悉（新工作等）【语境应用语境应用】翻翻译句译句子子。1)He was very smart and passed the exam with ease.2)I gave him some medicine to ease the pain.3)He tried his best to app
13、ear at ease.他很聪明，轻而易举地就通过了考试他很聪明，轻而易举地就通过了考试。我我给了他一些药来缓解疼痛给了他一些药来缓解疼痛。他尽全力让自己显得自在他尽全力让自己显得自在。2.A chemical burn occurs when your skin or eyes come into contact with an acid or other chemicals.vt.to write to or telephone someone 联络联络；联系联系 n.联系联系；接触接触 come into contact with 接触接触contactbe in/out of cont
14、act with.与与有有/失去联系失去联系keep in contact with.与与保持联系保持联系lose contact with.和和失去联系，离开失去联系，离开make contact with 与与来往来往【语境应用语境应用】完成句子完成句子。1)我最终在巴黎联系上了她我最终在巴黎联系上了她。I finally made contact with her in Paris.2)Tom告诉我，我可以和他通过微信保持联系告诉我，我可以和他通过微信保持联系。Tom told me that _ _3)一定要尽可能多地给我写信一定要尽可能多地给我写信。我不想与你失去联系我不想与你失去联
15、系。Do write to me as often as you can.I dont want to lose contact with you.I could keep in contact with him through WeChat.3.For example,wrap the burnt area loosely with a clean cloth if possible.wrap vt.to put paper/cloth over something to cover it;you use arms/legs/fingers around something,you them
16、 to hold it 包包；裹裹；(用手臂等用手臂等)围围住住 eg The present was beautifully wrapped in gold paper.He wrapped his arms around her waist.if possible=if it is possible 如果可能的话如果可能的话 在在if,when,once,until,unless,while,as if 等等引导的状语从句中，如果主从句的主语一引导的状语从句中，如果主从句的主语一致，谓语动词中含有致，谓语动词中含有be动词，有时为了句动词，有时为了句子简洁，可将主语和子简洁，可将主语和be
17、省略。省略。eg The garbage is then taken away and,if possible,recycled.垃垃圾随后被带走，如果可能的话会进行圾随后被带走，如果可能的话会进行回收利用回收利用。【拓展拓展】类类似结构：似结构：if necessary 如果有必要如果有必要的的话话if so 要是这样要是这样的的话话if not 如果不这样如果不这样的的话话if any 如果如果说说有有的的话话if anything 更可能更可能的的是，相反是，相反 if ever 如果曾经有如果曾经有的的话话【语境应用语境应用】完成句子完成句子。1)The girl seldom,_(如
18、果有过如果有过的的话话),turned to her brother for protection.2)I hear Mr Wang has passed the driving test._(如果这样如果这样的的话话)，let me go and congratulate him.3)Is anybody feeling cold?_(如果没有如果没有的的话话)，let us open the windows.4)Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?Yes._(如果可能如果可能的的话话),Im going to v
19、isit some old people in the city.if everIf soIf notIf possibleLetLets s learn more earn more life hacife hacks that can hes that can help us p us sursurviive e.Applying ointments(药膏药膏)to a wound.Treating burns with butter or sour cream.Rescuing a drowning person.Applying ice to a bruise.Do more exer
20、cises on vocabulary in the workbook.Make at least 4 sentences using the new words in this lesson.Discover useful structures1.As you can imagine,getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.2.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.3.Its best to place burns
21、under cool running water,especially within the first ten minutes.4.Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary,unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.5.You can protect the burnt area by covering it with a loose clean cloth.指出下列动词-ing形式在句子中分别作什么成分。作宾语作宾语作主语作主语作表语作表语作定语作定语作状语作状语；作宾语补足
22、语；作宾语补足语Discover useful structures动词-ing形式动词-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。动词-ing形式的时态和语态如下：语态语态时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式doingbeing done完成式完成式having donehaving been doneDiscover useful structures动词-ing形式动词-ing形式的功能总结动词动词-ing形式形式主语主语宾语宾语表语表语定语定语宾补宾补状语状语动名词动名词（doing）现在分词现在分词（doing）Discover useful str
23、uctures 动词动词-ing形式作主语形式作主语动词-ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。Wasting a persons time is the same as killing him for his property.浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作主语形式作主语(1)不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。To lie to her is w
24、rong.对她撒谎不对。(2)动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。注意：注意：动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语(1)常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词有：避免错过少延期（avoid,miss,postpone）建议完成多练习（advise/suggest,finish,practise）喜欢想象禁不住（enjoy,imagine,cant help）承认否定与嫉妒（admit,deny,envy）逃避
25、冒险莫原谅（escape,risk,excuse）忍受保持不介意（stand,keep,mind）动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语 Would you mind opening the window?你介意打开窗子吗？I dont like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio.我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。He tried to avoid answering my questions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。例句例句动词-ing形式Disc
26、over useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语(2)常见的跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有：insist on,object to,be good at,be fond of,lead to,put off,give up,look forward to,feel like,devote.to,get/be used to,pay attention to,be worth等。He insisted on doing it in his own way.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动
27、词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语(3)在有些动词的后面（如start，begin，continue等）既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。(4)有些动词（短语）后跟不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。常见的有：动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语宾语的形式宾语的形式意义意义宾语的形式宾语的形式意义意义forget to do忘记做regret to do
28、遗憾/抱歉要做forget doing忘记做过regret doing后悔做了remember to do记着要去做try to do尽力做remember doing记得做过try doing尝试做动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语宾语的形式宾语的形式意义意义mean to do打算做 mean doing意味着go on to do接着做（另外一件事）go on doing接着做（同一件事）stop to do停下来去做stop doing停止做Please remember to give my best regar
29、ds to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。例句例句动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语(5)下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。need/want/require/deserve doing need/want/require/deserve to be done The bike needs repairing/to be
30、 repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作表语形式作表语作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。(1)现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing等。这类分词有“令人的”的含义，常修饰物。动词-ing形式Disco
31、ver useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作表语形式作表语 The argument is very convincing.这个论点很令人信服。Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.你的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人。例句例句不定式和动词-ed形式也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作，动词-ed形式则表示被动、完成含义。注意注意动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作表语形式作表语(2)动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。
32、Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作定语形式作定语动名词和现在分词都可以作定语，但有所区别。(1)动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的介词短语。No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室里不
33、准大声说话。(2)现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作，相当于一个定语从句。The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother.The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother.在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作形式作定定语语现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的一般区别：现在分词表示正
34、在进行或习惯性的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成意义；不定式表示动作尚未发生。You should adapt to the changing situation.你应该适应不断变化的形势。The ground is covered with fallen leaves.地上满是落叶。Im looking for a room to live in.我正在找房子住。注意：注意：动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。动词-ing形式常作以下动词的宾语补足
35、语。(1)表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词（短语），常见的有see，hear，feel，smell，find，notice，observe，look at，listen to。其结构是：动词 sb.doing sth.(作宾补)。I felt somebody standing behind me.我感觉有人站在我后面。I saw the little boy crying there.我看到小男孩在那儿哭。动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语(2)表示指使意义的使役动词，常见的有have，let，keep，get，
36、leave等。其结构是：动词 sb./sth.doing sth.(作宾补)。We kept the fire burning all night long.我们让火整夜燃烧着。I wont have you running about in the room.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语使役动词接现在分词作宾语补足语表示“让一直做某事”；接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语表示“让某人做某事”；接过去分词作宾语补足语，表示“主语请某人做某事，使完成某事或主语遭遇某事”。Be car
37、eful,or youll have your hands hurt.当心，否则你会弄伤手的。注意：注意：动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语(3)用于with复合结构中。I couldnt do my homework with the noise going on.由于噪音不断，我没法做家庭作业。With so many people looking at her,she felt nervous.这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 现在分词现在分
38、词作状语作状语现在分词（短语）在句中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。(1)作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。Walking in the park,she saw an old friend.When/While(she was)walking in the park,she saw an old friend.当她在公园里散步时，她看到了她的一个老朋友。当表示正在进行的动作时，可直接在分词前面加上when/while，此时也可理解为状语从句的省略。动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 现在分词现在分
39、词作状语作状语(2)作原因状语，一般可转换成由as或because引导的原因状语从句。Being ill,he couldnt go to school.As he was ill,he couldnt go to school.因为生病了，他无法去上学。(3)作条件状语，一般放在句首，可转换成由if，unless等连词引导的条件状语从句。Working hard,youll make great progress.If you work hard,youll make great progress.如果你努力工作，你将取得很大进步。动词-ing形式Discover useful struct
40、ures 现在分词现在分词作状语作状语(4)作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment,allowing more patients to be treated.这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设备，这使更多的病人能得到治疗。动词-ing形式Discover useful structures现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状
41、语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。试比较：He was caught in the rain,thus making himself catch a cold.被雨淋后他感冒了。I hurried to school,only to find it was Sunday.我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。注意：注意：动词-ing形式 现在分词现在分词作状语作状语Discover useful structures 现在分词现在分词作状语作状语(5)作让步、方式和伴随状语 现在分词作让步、方式和伴随状语时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随状语时，表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生
42、，此时它可转换成并列句。Mary sat by the window of the classroom,reading a book.Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book.玛丽坐在教室的窗边读一本书。动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 现在分词现在分词作状语作状语(1)为强调动词-ing形式表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。例如，加上when，while，强调与谓语动词同时发生；加上before，after，强调动作先后发生；加上thus，强调结果；加上though/alt
43、hough，强调让步等。Though knowing all this,they made me pay for the damage.尽管他们了解这一切，但还是让我赔偿损失。(2)当现在分词的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用分词的完成式。Having finished the letter,he went to post it.他写完信后就把它寄了出去。（having finished是先发生的，went是后发生的）注意：注意：动词-ing形式Discover useful structures 现在分词现在分词作状语作状语(3)动词-ing形式的否定式：not v.-ing；not
44、 having v.-edNot knowing this,he didnt come.他不知道这件事，所以没来。Not having made full preparations,we put off the sports meeting.因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。(4)有些现在分词在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking“一般来说”，judging by/from.“从来判断”，taking everything into consideration“从全盘考虑”。Judging
45、from his behaviour,he must be mad.从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。注意：注意：动词-ing形式动词-ing形式练习用动词用动词-ing形式改写下列句子：形式改写下列句子：1.When he got out of the bathtub,he slipped and fell on the floor.2.Is there any reason why we are not going to have the first-aid training this week?3.She had been told about the risk of electric s
46、hocks and this made her very careful while using hairdryers.When getting out of the bathtub,he slipped and fell on the floor.Is there any reason for not having the first-aid training this week?Having been told about the risk of electric shocks,she was very careful while using hairdryers.动词-ing形式练习用动
47、词用动词-ing形式改写下列句子：形式改写下列句子：4.Because the child was not watched carefully by his parents,he touched a hot iron and burnt his finger.5.After she had been bitten by mosquitoes,she applied some medicine to her skin.Not being watched carefully by his parents,the child touched a hot iron and burnt his fing
48、er.After being/having been bitten by mosquitoes,she applied some medicine to her skin.动词-ing形式练习用用所给单词的正确形式填空所给单词的正确形式填空：Mrs Taylor was an elderly woman _(live)alone.One day,she was in her living room cleaning the windows,when suddenly she could no longer feel the right side of her body._(try)to wal
49、k to her sofa to sit down,she fell over onto the carpet.Then she realised that she could not get up,and that she was having trouble _(breathe).Fortunately,she had her mobile phone with her,and she was able to reach it with her left hand while _(lie)on the floor.Her mobile phone _(already,set up)to c
50、all an emergency number at the push of a button,so it was easy to call for help.livingTryingbreathinglyingwas already set up动词-ing形式练习While attempting to talk to the operator,Mrs Taylor discovered that she could not speak._(not,hear)an answer,the operator knew that Mrs Taylor must be in trouble.Tell
