1、中考英语 （江苏专用）,阅 读 理 解,Passage 1(2019连云港,C),You think its “cool”to carry your backpacks and head out to school. But if you dont know exactly how to choose, load, lift and wear themthese all-important accessories(配件)can be a pain in the back. Not to mention the neck, head and shoulders.,A组 20152019年江苏中考
2、题组,Backpacks can influence your health. Carrying a heavy load improperly can lead to poor body position; and even hurt the spinal column(脊柱). This can cause muscle strain, headaches, back, neck and arm pain. For example, if it is carried on one shoulder, a heavy backpack forces the muscles and spine
3、 to balance the un- equal weight. This may increase the possible back problems later in life. More than 50 percent of young people suffer back pain by their teenage years. Research shows that this could be mainly caused by improper use of backpacks. Heres some advice to help you carry backpacks comf
4、ortably and safely. Choose the right backpack. Forget leather(皮革)! It looks great, but its far too heavy. Go for canvas(帆布). Pick a pack that has two wide, adjustable, comfortable shoulder straps(带子), along with a hip or waist strap, and plenty of pockets. Make sure the pack fits properly and its si
5、ze is suitable for the wearers body. Packing it properly. Only put in the pack what is needed for that day. Its a good idea to know what each object,weighs. The total weight of the filled pack should be no more than 10 to 15 percent of the wearers own body weight. Pack heaviest objects close to the
6、body, and place little ones outside, away from the back. Putting the backpack on. Put the pack on a smooth surface, at waist height. Put on the pack, one shoulder at a time, then adjust(调整)the straps to fit comfortably. Remember when lifting a backpack, or anything, to lift using the arms and legs a
7、nd to bend at the knees. The right way to wear a backpack. Both shoulder straps should be used, and adjusted so that the pack fits the body, without hanging to one side. Backpacks should never be worn over just one shoulder. You should be able to move your hands between the backpack and your back. T
8、he waist strap should also be worn. Take the above advice, and you may not complain back pain, numbness or weakness in your arms and legs any more.,1.What could mainly cause some young people to suffer back pain by their teenage years? A.Too much homework. B.Poor treatment for backs. C.Improper use
9、of backpacks. D.Unhealthy sleep position. 2.Which of the following does the writer suggest? Choose leather backpacks because it looks“cool”to go to school. Pick a pack that its size is suitable for the wearers body. Make sure the backpack contains only what is needed for that day. Pack heaviest obje
10、cts close to the body, and place little ones outside. Put the pack on a smooth surface, above the waist height. A. B. C. D.,3.If a boy weighs 40kg, how heavy should his filled backpack be at most? A.About 4kg. B.About 6kg. C.About 10kg. D.About 15kg. 4.What is the passage mainly about? A.Some proble
11、ms that teenagers face in their study at school. B.The suitable backpack material that you should choose. C.The good influence that backpacks have on your health. D.Some advice on how to carry backpacks comfortably and safely.,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了不恰当地背双肩背包可能带来的危害以及一些关于如何舒 服、安全地背双肩包的建议。 1.C 细节理解题。题
12、干意为:什么可能是导致年轻人在十几岁时就背疼的主要原因?根据文中第四段可 知,不恰当地使用双肩背包可能是导致背疼的主要原因。故本题选C。 2.C 细节理解题。根据文中第六段第二句可知不要背皮革制的背包,故排除A、B两项;根据倒数第三段第 二句Put the pack on a smooth surface, at waist height.可知,背包应该在腰的位置,而不是比腰高的位置,故排 除D项。故本题选C。 3.B 推理判断题。根据文中第七段第四句可知,书包的总重量不应该超过背包人体重的10%到15%,题目 中说男孩重40千克可知,书包的重量最多不应该超过6千克。故本题选B。 4.D 主旨
13、大意题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了如何正确背双肩背包,故本题选D。,长难句 Pick a pack that has two wide, adjustable, comfortable shoulder straps, along with a hip or waist strap, and plen- ty of pockets. 选一个有两个宽的、可调节的、舒服的肩带,而且有臀带或腰带和许多口袋的背包。 本句是主从复合句。本句主句为祈使句,that引导定语从句,修饰先行词pack。,Passage 2(2019扬州,D) Trees in cities “live fast but die
14、young” compared to forests in the countryside, warns a new study. Researchers found that trees in cities die younger than ones in the countryside because of the higher levels of CO2. City-living trees suffer (遭受) a loss of carbon storage (碳储量). That means trees produce less energy from the air. Now
15、researchers say more must be done to deal with the situation. Ian Smith, a PhD student of Boston Universi- ty in the United States, said, “Cities are in the important position in fighting against rising temperatures and in- creasing CO2.” “We find that tree planting alone may not be enough to keep a
16、nd increase city canopy cover (树冠覆盖率). Because of the age and size of the present canopy, efforts to improve and protect tree health are badly needed for increasing city tree cover and canopy cover.” The research team used a model to watch changes among street trees for several planting and manageme
17、nt meth- ods. Researchers also used the model to watch tree growth, death and planting rates (率) both among trees in Boston City and forests in the countryside in Massachusetts.,It was discovered that rates of carbon cycling and growth rates among city trees were nearly four times faster than those
18、in the countryside. However, loss of carbon storage and death rates are also higher, especially death rates are more than double higher than those in countryside forests. The study, published in PLOS ONE, has reminded scientists to encourage communities to do more to plant and protect trees. It is i
19、mportant to increase city canopy cover and carbon storage. Researchers say planting and protecting will be needed to make sure cities can develop healthily, but more needs to be done to have a better understanding of city treeswhich may be different from countryside forests. 1.According to the passa
20、ge, which of the following is TRUE? A.The more carbon storage loses, the more energy the trees produce from the air. B.The higher the levels of CO2 are, the harder it will be for the plants to survive. C.If we plant enough trees, we are sure to increase city canopy cover. D.Cities do better in fight
21、ing against rising temperatures and increasing CO2.,2.Paragraph 4 mainly tells us . A.the results of the study B.the discoveries from the researchers C.the methods of the study D.the suggestions from the researchers 3.What does “those” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A.Death rates. B.Rates of carbon cyclin
22、g. C.Growth rates. D.Loss of carbon storage. 4.The writers main purpose of writing the passage is . A.to teach us how to improve and protect tree health B.to warn us that trees in cities live fast but die young C.to let us have a better understanding of city trees,D.to tell us to take action to incr
23、ease city canopy cover,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了城市树木面临的问题及原因,目的是让人们对城市树木有一 个更好的理解,以便更好地种植和保护城市树木。 1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Researchers found that trees in cities die younger than ones in the coun- tryside because of the higher levels of CO2.可知,城市里二氧化碳含量高,造成树木较早死亡,也就是二氧化碳 含量越高,树木越难存活,故选B项。 2.C 主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句Th
24、e research team used a model to watch changes among.可知,第四 段主要介绍了研究的方法,但是没有提到研究的结果和发现,也没有提出建议,故选C项。 3.A 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句.especially death rates are more than double higher than those in countryside forests.可知,是同类事物之间的比较,主语是death rates,所以those指代death rates,故选A项。 4.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的but more needs to be d
25、one to have a better understanding of city trees可 知,作者写这篇文章的目的是让我们对城市树木有一个更好的理解,故选C项。,Good Neighbours Mr. and Mrs. March lived together with their four daughters. Amy was very shy. Beth loved being at home. Meg looked very pretty. Jo was tall and thin and she was a tomboy (假小子). Their home was alway
26、s busy and full of noise and people. Next to them lived old Mr. Laurence and his grandson, Laurie. They lived in a very large and comfortable house. But it was a house without life. One day, Jo saw Laurie standing at an upstairs window in his house and looking down at their garden. Jos sis- ters wer
27、e playing in the snow there. They were throwing snowballs and having a lot of fun. But Lauries face was very sad. “Poor boy!” Jo thought. “Hes all alone. He needs some friends.” She couldnt stop thinking about him. She wanted to go and see him, but how could she go to his house without an invitation
28、? Then one snowy afternoon, she saw Lauries grandpa go out. This gave her an idea. She took a broom from the kitchen.,Passage 3(2019宿迁,D),“What are you going to do, Jo?” asked her sister Meg. “To clear the garden path,” answered Jo. When Laurie saw Jo from the window, a big smile changed his pale, s
29、ad face. Jo laughed and shouted,“How are you? Are you ill?” Laurie opened the window and said, “Im better now, thank you. I had a bad cold and had to stay inside for a week”. “Im sorry,” said Jo. “Are you bored?” “Yes, very,” he replied. “Dont your friends come to visit you?” “No. But I dont want to
30、 see anybody. Boys are noisy and they give me a headache.” “Girls are quiet.” “I dont know any girls.” “You know us.”,“Thats true! Can you come and visit me?” cried Laurie. “Im not quiet, but Id like to come,” replied Jo. “I must ask Mother first.” She ran back into her house. A few minutes later, s
31、he returned and rang the bell on the door of Lauries house. A servant took her upstairs. “Here I am!” she said brightly. “Mother sends her love and my sisters gave me this blancmange (牛奶冻) for you.” “That looks delicious,” Laurie said. He was very happy to see Jo. Jo looked around. There were lots o
32、f books on the shelves. “A nice room!” she said. “I can read to you if you like.” “No, lets talk,” replied Laurie. “All right,” said Jo. “I can talk for hours. My sisters say I never know when to stop.” “You have three sistersAmy, Beth and Meg.” Laurie continued. “How do you know that?” Jo was surpr
33、ised. “You call each others name when you are in the garden. Sometimes I can see you all around the table with your mother. She has a very kind face. I like looking at her. I havent got a mother.”,Jo felt sad when she heard this. “Why dont you come and visit us?” she said. “It isnt good for you to s
34、tay in this house all the time.” “Thank you. Id like to come very much,” said Laurie. “We know all our neighbours except you,” Jo said. “Im glad were friends now.” She told him about all the interesting things in her life. She said, “Besides (除了之外还) plays, I also love books.” Laurie loved books too,
35、 and offered to show her the library in the house. The library was a wonderful room. Jo loved it. “Wow!” she said. “All those books!” Laurie said, “A person needs more than books.” Just then the bell rang and a servant came in. (Adapted from Little Women),1.From the first paragraph, we know . A.Jos
36、family had five members B.Jo and Laurie were neighbours C.Laurie and his grandpa were busy D.the four sisters had the same hobby 2.Jo wanted to visit Laurie because . A.she wanted to visit his large house B.Laurie invited her to play with snowballs C.she felt he was lonely and needed friends D.Lauri
37、e was seriously ill and needed her care 3.What might be the correct order of what happened in the story? a.Jo saw Laurie standing at an upstairs window in his house. b.Jo and Laurie were having a talk happily at Lauries home.,c.Jo went to Lauries home after telling her mother. d.Jo couldnt stop thin
38、king about Laurie. A.a-b-c-d B.b-a-c-d C.b-d-a-c D.a-d-c-b 4.Which words can best describe Jo and her sisters? A.Kind and friendly. B.Generous but rude. C.Quiet and smart. D.Funny but careless. 5.What does Laurie mean by saying “A person needs more than books.”? A.People need to stay in their own ho
39、uses. B.People should learn much more from books. C.People need love and friendship besides books. D.People should relax themselves besides reading,答案 语篇解读 本文改编自美国女作家路易莎梅奥尔科特的长篇小说小妇人。本文介绍了热心善良的 Jo帮助孤独自闭的Laurie获得爱和友谊的故事。 1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Next to them lived old Mr. Laurence and his grandson, Laurie.可知
40、,Jo和 Laurie是邻居,故选B项。 2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Poor boy!” Jo thought. “Hes all alone. He needs some friends.”可 知,Jo想去看Laurie是因为她觉得他很孤独,需要朋友。故选C项。 3.D 细节理解题。根据本文内容:先是Jo看见Laurie站在他家楼上的窗户前俯视着花园;再是Jo无法停止 想起Laurie,她认为他需要一些朋友;然后Jo征求母亲同意来到Laurie家;最后他们一起在Laurie家愉快地聊 天。由此可知,a-d-c-b顺序正确,故选D项。 4.A 推理判断题。根据Jo刚到Laurie家中
41、所说的话Mother sends her love and my sisters gave me this blancmange for you.可知,Jo的家人们都很善良、友好,故选A项。 5.C 推理判断题。根据第一段最后三句Next to them lived old Mr. Laurence and his grandson, Laurie. They,lived in a very large and comfortable house. But it was a house without life.和后来Laurie 说的话 “Thank you. Id like to come
42、 very much”的对比可知,Laurie明白了人需要爱和友谊。故选C项。 长难句 Next to them lived old Mr. Laurence and his grandson, Laurie.紧挨着他们住着老Laurence先生和他的孙子 Laurie。 这是一个倒装句。介词短语放在了句首,起强调作用,正常的语序是Old Mr. Laurence and his grandson, Lau- rie lived next to them。 重点词汇 invitation n.邀请;offer v.主动给予;reply v.答复 词汇积累 besides adv.此外;tomb
43、oy n.假小子,Passage 4(2019苏州,B) People all over the world eat eggs. Most of the eggs we eat come from hens. Eggs are easy to cook. They can be cooked in lots of ways such as fried or hard-boiled. Eggs can be used with other things to make cakes and ice- cream.,答案 语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文,介绍了鸡蛋的蛋壳、蛋黄和蛋清这三个组成部分,并介绍
44、了如何用一锅水 测出鸡蛋的新鲜程度。 1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Eggs can be used with other things to make cakes and ice-cream.可 知,鸡蛋可以和其他东西一起用来做蛋糕和冰激凌,说明此处提到蛋糕和冰激凌是为了描述鸡蛋的用处,故 选C项。 2.A 细节理解题。根据Yolk部分The colour depends on what the hen eats.可知,蛋黄颜色取决于母鸡吃的食 物,故选A项。 3.D 主旨大意题。根据表格中的标题The fresh test及第一句.to find out how old your
45、egg is.可知,该表格 是向读者介绍如何检测鸡蛋的新鲜程度。故选D项。,Passage 5(2018苏州,B) Two little boys Two little boys had two little toys Each had a wooden horse. Joyfully they played each summers day Soldiers(士兵)both, of course. Then Jack broke off his horses head, Sad for his toy, then cried with joy As his young friend Joe
46、said:,Did you think I would leave you crying When theres room on my horse for two? Climb up here, Jack, and dont be crying I can go just as fast with two When we grow up well both be soldiers And our horses will not be toys And I wonder if well remember When we were two little boys. Long years past,
47、 war came so Bravely they marched away. Guns roared loud and in the mad crowd Wounded and dying lie Up goes a shout, a horse rushes out,Out from the crowd, to where Joe lay Then came a voice he knew: Did you think I would leave you dying When theres room on my horse for two? Climb up here, Joe, well
48、 soon be flying I can go just as fast with two. Now we are both real soldiers And our horses are not toys And I remember When we were two little boys.,答案 语篇解读 本文是一首歌词。两个小男孩都有一匹木头小马玩具,两人整个夏天都在玩士兵游戏,有一天 Jack的马头摔坏了,Joe把他的小马玩具和Jack一起分享。长大后,两人都成了真正的士兵。在战场上,Joe受 伤了,Jack骑着马冲到Joe身边救了他。两人都记着年少时的承诺:Did you th
49、ink I would leave you crying? 1.A 细节理解题。根据Then Jack broke off his horses head可知,他的玩具马头摔断了,故选A项。 2.A 推理判断题。根据歌词押韵的特点可知,设空处的词应与past押韵,再根据句意,战争这么快就来了,故 选A项。 3.D 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知,本文描述的是两个小男孩之间从小到大的友谊。A、B、C三个选项在 文中都被提到,但只能概括某一部分的内容,不够全面。故选D项。,长难句 And I wonder if well remember when we were two little boys.并且我想知道是否我们会记得我们两个是小 男孩的时候。 本句是主从复合句,if引导宾语从句,从句中又有when引导的另一个宾语从句。 重点词汇 wooden adj.木头的;room n.空间;rush out冲出来 词汇积累 soldier n.士兵;break off折断;joyfully adv.喜悦地,Passage 6(2018盐
