1、Useful words and expressionsUnit 4 Sharing选择性必修四1.help the needy 帮助需要帮助的人、贫困的人帮助需要帮助的人、贫困的人2.face a challenge 面对挑战面对挑战pare.with.把把.和比较和比较.4.get the most out of sth 好好利用好好利用5.parcel C 包裹；小包包裹；小包 vt.裹好.a parcel of 一包一包；一堆；一堆 pparcel sth up 把把.包起来包起来6.It(The parcel)took about two weeks to arrive.pSb/St
2、h takes time to do sth 某人、物花某人、物花.时间做某事时间做某事pSth takes(sb)time to do 某事花某事花.时间去做时间去做pIt takes(sb)time to do sth 做某事花（某人）做某事花（某人）.时间去做时间去做p=It takes time(for sb)to do sth.做某事花（某人）做某事花（某人）.时间去做时间去做 The cut/wound took about two weeks _(heal).It takes me only a few minutes _ to school down a dusty track
3、 _(cover)in weeds.7.have been dying to have.一直渴望吃到一直渴望吃到.=have been longing/desiring/extremely eager to have.pbe dying to do sth/for sth 渴望做某事、获得某物渴望做某事、获得某物 =long to do sth/for sth =desire to do sth/sth =be extremely eager to do sth/for sth8.to get mail/post 收到邮件收到邮件pmuch/a piece of mail/post 很多、一份
4、邮件很多、一份邮件psend sth by mail/post 通过邮递寄送通过邮递寄送.p=mail/post sb sth/sth to sb 给某邮寄某物给某邮寄某物to healto walkcovered9.secondary school/education/teachers 中学中学/中等教育中等教育/中学教师中学教师pbe secondary to sth/doing sth 次于，次于，排在排在.后面后面pExperience is _ mattersage is of secondary importance.（.是次要的）是次要的）10.be made of 由由制成制成
5、11.Im greeted by/with a chorus of“good morning”from the boys.男孩们齐声对我问候男孩们齐声对我问候“早上好早上好”。=The boys greeted me with a chorus of“good morning”.1)be greeted by/with(a smile/kiss/hug/cries of welcome/loud cheers)=greet sb with sth/by doing sth （微笑着、吻某人、拥抱、欢呼着）迎接、招呼、问候某人（微笑着、吻某人、拥抱、欢呼着）迎接、招呼、问候某人whatShe g
6、reeted him with a broad smile/a loving kiss/by shouting a friendly“Hello!”她以满面的笑容、一个深情的吻、友好地喊了她以满面的笑容、一个深情的吻、友好地喊了一声一声“哈喽哈喽”迎接他。迎接他。pbe greeted by/with(applause/cheers/laughter/relief/suspicion)以（鼓掌、欢呼、大笑、宽慰、怀疑的方式）对以（鼓掌、欢呼、大笑、宽慰、怀疑的方式）对.做出反应；做出反应；被报以被报以 或受到（怀疑或受到（怀疑、鼓掌、欢呼、大笑、宽慰、鼓掌、欢呼、大笑、宽慰、）The spee
7、ch/the news/change was greeted with/by loud cheers/with suspicion.(=was met with.)这次讲话、这个消息、这次变革受到热烈的欢呼、怀疑。这次讲话、这个消息、这次变革受到热烈的欢呼、怀疑。=Loud cheers/applause/laughter greeted the speech/news/change.=People greeted the speech/news/change with suspicion.a burst/round of/bursts/rounds of loud applause/chee
8、rs/laughter 一阵（阵）鼓掌、欢呼、大笑声一阵（阵）鼓掌、欢呼、大笑声pbe greeted by(the view/sound/smell.)（景色）映入某人眼帘；（声音、气味）传入某人耳中、鼻中（景色）映入某人眼帘；（声音、气味）传入某人耳中、鼻中As we entered the room/opened the door,we were greeted by the familiar smell of baking bread.by a scene of utter confusion/complete disorder/silence/chaos.by bird song.2
9、)(be greeted with)a chorus of “good morning”/praise/complaint/thanks/protest/agreement/approval/cheers/applause.（受到）齐声、异口同声地受到）齐声、异口同声地问候问候“早上好早上好”、表扬、抱怨、感谢、表扬、抱怨、感谢、抗议、赞同、赞许、欢呼、鼓掌抗议、赞同、赞许、欢呼、鼓掌.The proposal was greeted/met with a chorus of approval/disapproval.这项提议受到异口同声地赞成、反对。这项提议受到异口同声地赞成、反对。join
10、 the chorus 参加合唱团，歌舞队参加合唱团，歌舞队join in the chorus of complaints 齐声表示不满齐声表示不满“Good morrning,Mrs,Smith,“they said/answered in chorus.=”Good morning,Mrs,Sith,“they chorused.“.”他们齐声齐声说、回答。他们齐声齐声说、回答。12.walk a long way/for.two and half hours to get to(school)步步行行很长的路赶到（学校）很长的路赶到（学校）13.up to(two hours)多大（两
11、小时）多大（两小时）14.Theres no electricity,running water and or even textbooks,not to mention laptops,tablets,or other modern devices!pnot to mention 更不用说；而且还更不用说；而且还(作状语，一般用于肯定句之作状语，一般用于肯定句之后表示还有更令人意外的事）后表示还有更令人意外的事）(page 17,Ex.3)=not to speak of./to say nothing of/=and in addition there is/are.(更正：更正：let
12、alone)plet alone 更不用说，更谈不上，更不可能更不用说，更谈不上，更不可能（作状语，作状语，用于否定用于否定句之后，表示接着提到的事更不可能句之后，表示接着提到的事更不可能,=and certainly not）He has two big houses in this city,_ his villa(别墅别墅)in the country.He has no flat in the country,_a villa in the country.The scholar has a good command of ancient Greek and Latin,_Spanis
13、h,which is his mother tongue.He can not speak English,_ German.Pollution has a negative effect on the health of everyone living in the city,_ the damage to the environment.I have hardly time to think these days,_ relax.They have three dogs to look after,_ the cat and the bird.not to mentionlet alone
14、 not to mentionlet alonelet alone not to mention not to mention15.try to adapt(onself)to these conditions/environments/cliamates 设法适应这些条件、环境、气候设法适应这些条件、环境、气候16.become imaginative in(teaching)在（教学方面）更加富有想象在（教学方面）更加富有想象力力17.have no concept/idea of sth/doing sth(doing expeirments)没有没有.的概念；不懂得的概念；不懂得(=b
15、e unable to understand)He has no concept of _ difficult life is if youre unemployed.18.be rigid about(rules)墨守成规墨守成规19.the other day前几天前几天20.was/were doing(showing the boys a chemistry experiment)when.正在做某事这时候正在做某事这时候.how21.before I knew it 不知不觉地，我还没有反应过来不知不觉地，我还没有反应过来e across sb/sth 遇见；发现遇见；发现23.be
16、 relevant to sb/sth 与与相关相关24.to be honest(with sb)老实（对某人）说老实（对某人）说25.I doubt whether.我怀疑是否我怀疑是否.pI dont doubt that.我不怀疑我不怀疑.pThere is some doubt whether.是否是否.还存在一些疑虑还存在一些疑虑pThere is no/little doubt that.毫不怀疑毫不怀疑.26.make a/some/any/much/no/little difference to sb/sth 对对.产生一些、很多、没有、没什么影响产生一些、很多、没有、没什么
17、影响27.make ones first visti to(a remote village)第一次到访（一个偏第一次到访（一个偏僻的村子）僻的村子）28.Another teacher and I walked.,first,up a mountain from where we had fantastic views,then down a shaded path to.1)from where,by when,since when引导的特殊定语从句引导的特殊定语从句 He climbed up to the top of the temple,_ he could see nothing
18、 but trees.That was 1949,_ things have been better.The baby is due in May,_ his new house should be finished.from wheresince whenby whenCompare:From _ I stood I could see everything clearly.2)from.,sb has/gets(a)fantastic/wonderful view(s)(of the valley/city)从从.地方，地方，某人看到（峡谷、城市的）美妙的景色某人看到（峡谷、城市的）美妙的
19、景色She climbed up to the top of the hill,from where she could have a good view of the whole town.3)a shaded path一条树荫遮蔽的小路一条树荫遮蔽的小路p(sit)in the shade of(a tree/wall)（坐在）（树、墙壁的）阴凉（坐在）（树、墙壁的）阴凉处处29.shake hands with sb 与某人握手与某人握手(shook,shaken)where（连接副词引导宾语从句）30.be(closely/distantly)related to sb.与某人有亲戚（
20、近亲、远亲）与某人有亲戚（近亲、远亲）关系关系 =be a(close/disant)relation/relative to sb 是某人的亲戚（近房亲戚、远房）亲戚是某人的亲戚（近房亲戚、远房）亲戚Compare:Whats your relationship to Sue/each other?你跟你跟Sue、你们彼此是、你们彼此是什么亲戚关系？什么亲戚关系？pbe(closely/directly)related to sb/sth 与与.有（密切、直接）联系有（密切、直接）联系 =be(closely/directly)linked to/with sb/sth =be(closel
21、y/directly)connected with sb/sth32.with a door a door just big enough to get through,and with grass sticking out of the roof.有一扇勉强通过的门，有茅草从屋顶伸出有一扇勉强通过的门，有茅草从屋顶伸出 介词短语介词短语 with+n.(+doing sth)作定语作定语33.stick(sth)out of sth（使）伸出（使）伸出（.）Dont stick your arm out of the car window.Careful!Theres a nail stic
22、king out of that board.34.Such housing was dark inside,so it took time for our eyes to adjust(to the darkness).这样的房屋里面是黑的，所以需要你一会儿我们的眼睛才适应过这样的房屋里面是黑的，所以需要你一会儿我们的眼睛才适应过来。来。phousing,clothing,seating 分别表示房屋、服装、座位的总称分别表示房屋、服装、座位的总称35.in the centre of(the hut/city)在在.中心中心36.build/make/light a fire 生一堆火，生
23、个炉火生一堆火，生个炉火37.participate(much)in the conversation =engage(much)in the converation 参与谈话参与谈话38.interpreter for sb 替某人口译替某人口译pinterpreter sth as.把把.解释为解释为.39.standing upside down on the gill over the fire 倒立在火炉上面的烤架上倒立在火炉上面的烤架上40.dry up(the leftover food/the dishes)烤干（剩饭）；擦干（碟子）烤干（剩饭）；擦干（碟子）pdry out（
24、使）完全干透（使）完全干透41.drag oneself(down the mountain towards home)拖着疲惫的身拖着疲惫的身子（下山回家）子（下山回家）42.It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family.能和汤贝的家人共度一天真是太荣幸了能和汤贝的家人共度一天真是太荣幸了1)privilege single 荣幸，光荣，荣耀荣幸，光荣，荣耀(=honor)C特殊利益，特殊利益，优惠待遇优惠待遇 U（有权势的人）特权，特殊待遇（有权势的人）特权，特殊待遇 vt.给给.予特权、特别优待予特权、特别优
25、待(=favor)pprivileged adj.有特权的；荣幸的，幸运的有特权的；荣幸的，幸运的(=honored)pIt is a privilege(for sb)to do sth（对某人来说）做某事是个荣幸。对某人来说）做某事是个荣幸。p=have the privilege to do sth./of doing sth.有幸做某事有幸做某事p=be/feel privileged to do sth 很荣幸做某事很荣幸做某事 今晚我们很荣幸请到了一位尊贵的客人。今晚我们很荣幸请到了一位尊贵的客人。_to have a distinguished guest with us ton
26、ight._ a distinguished guest with us tonight._a distinguished guest with us tonight.Education/Good health care should not be just a privilege of the wealthy.You can enjoy all the benefits and privileges of club membership.live a life of weath and privilege 过着有钱有权的生活过着有钱有权的生活 a privileged position/fe
27、w/background 优越的地位、有特权少优越的地位、有特权少数人、特权阶层数人、特权阶层It is a great privilege for usWe have the great privilege of having/to have We are privileged to have 1)to have done/to have been done 不定式完成时主动和被动语态：不定式完成时主动和被动语态：（作主语、宾语、状语、宾补（主补）、定语）（作主语、宾语、状语、宾补（主补）、定语）作主语的句型：pIt is a privilege/honor/shame/pity/joy/p
28、leasure/nice/enough to have(been)doneIt has been a privilege _(travel)so much in your country.Does a cultural relic always have to be rare and valuable?Is it enough _(survive)for a long time?作宾语的句型：psb think/consider/feel/./it a privilege/honor.to have(been)doneto have travelledto have survivedHe fe
29、lt it an honor _(invite)to the party.They thought it a pity not _(invite)her.pseem/appear/pretend/happen/claim/intend.to have(been)doneShe pretended not _(see)him.I happened _(come across the book once.Do let your mother know all the truth,she appears_(tell)everything.作定语pthe first/second/.last/very
30、/only/best/youngest+n.to have(been)doneIt was the first book _(appear)on the subject.It was the only project _(design)by Chinese engineers.to have been invitedto have invitedto have seento have cometo have been toldto have appearedto have been designed 作原因状语pbe happy/pleased/glad/lucky/sorry/proud/a
31、shamed/likely.to have(been)doneJohn was pleased _(offer)the job.Im sorry _(keep)you waiting.作主补（在被动语态之后）pbe said/thought/believed/known/considered/understood/reported to have doneThe enemy was reported _(withdraw)from their position.The book is said _(translate)into many languages.to have been offeredto have keptto have withdrawnto have been translated Homework
