1、三十五选择性必修第四册三十五选择性必修第四册Unit 4Sharing(限时限时35分钟分钟).阅读理解A“Students at Powderhouse Studios wont have the typical American high school experienceand thats exactly the point of the new school,”its founders say.The high school,set to open in a repurposed former school building in Somerville,Mass.,wont have
2、grade levels or traditional classes.Instead,students will complete interdisciplinary(跨学科的)projects that tap into their interests and ambitions.Theyll divide their days between seminars and project-based work,meeting with the education staff for guidance regularly.Students at Powderhouse will work wi
3、th tutors instead of conventional teachers to learn math,science and the humanitiesall of which will inform their projects.Classrooms,lectures and lesson plansthe things traditional schools are built onwont be a big part of daily life at Powderhouse.In short,Powderhouse will look more like a workpla
4、ce than a high school.Alec Resnick,one of the schools founders,said Powderhouse will make learning personal for students by helping them identify meaningful project-based work early on.Resnick said that demanding and interesting work is often the thing thats missing for students who feel uninvolved
5、in a traditional high-school setting.“Motivation is missing,”he said.“The way you fix that is to get people doing hard work,not easier or more fun work.”Monica Martinez,an expert in school development,describes a future for American high schools that looks a lot like Powderhouse,with more fluid(易变的)
6、schedules and personalized learning opportunitiesand finally,with more flexibility for students.“Most of all,students will progress at the rate at which they show mastery of academic content,regardless of time,”Martinez said.Powderhouse will open in 2018 as part of Somerville Public Schools.The idea
7、 of reinventing high school appealed greatly to Somerville Mayor Joseph Curtatone,who asked Resnick and his team at Sprout&Co.to design a high school based on the non-profits popular after-school programs.Powderhouses founders say they hope educators will learn from nontraditional schools like their
8、s.“Were pretty confident that the future of learning doesnt look like school,”Resnick said.【文章大意】本文是议论文。美国麻省的一所新建高中让校园更像真实的世界。1.Which of the following is a feature of Powderhouse Studios?A.It will offer interdisciplinary projects to the public.B.Students will earn money from the school.C.There will
9、be no traditional teachers.D.It will have no real instruction sites.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的Students at Powderhouse.of conventional teachers可知,这所高中没有传统的教师。2.How will Powderhouse Studios involve its students in project-based work?A.By letting them work in real workplaces.B.By providing challenging work f
10、or them.C.By encouraging them to complete simpler work.D.By asking them to improve traditional education.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第六段中的The way you fix.more fun work可知,该校向学生提供有挑战性的任务,以使学生参与到以项目为基础的学习任务中去。3.What do we know about Powderhouse from Martinez?A.It will try to adapt itself to students needs.B.It will
11、 stress the importance of motivation.C.Its courses will be designed by students.D.Its schedules will be strictly followed.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第七段中的Powderhouse,with more fluid schedules.with more flexibility for students和第八段中的students will progress.mastery of academic content可以推知,该校努力满足学生的需求。4.What is Res
12、nicks opinion about high schools in the future?A.They should be more like the real world.B.They will change according to the times.C.They must be based on traditional education.D.They may be more relaxing for most students.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中Resnick所说的Were pretty confident.look like school可以推知,他认为未
13、来的高中应该更像真实的世界。B At the age of 14,James Harrison had a major chest operation and he required 13 units(3.4 gallons)of blood afterwards.The blood donations saved his life,and he decided that once he turned 18,he would begin donating blood as regularly as he could.More than 60 years and almost 1,200 don
14、ations later,Harrison,whose blood contains an antibody(抗体)that has saved the lives of 2.4 million babies from miscarriages(流产),retired as a blood donor on May 11.Harrisons blood is valuable because he naturally produces Rh-negative blood,which contains Rh-positive antibodies.His blood has been used
15、to create anti-D in Australia since 1967.“Every bottle of anti-D ever made in Australia has James in it,”Robyn Barlow,the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning Herald.“Its an amazing thing.He has saved millions of babies.I cry just thinking about it.”Since then,Harrison has donated between 500
16、 and 800 milliliters of blood almost every week.Hes made 1,162 donations from his right arm and 10 from his left.“Id keep going if they let me,”Harrison told the Herald.His doctors said it was time to stop the donationsand they certainly dont take them lightly.They had already extended the age limit
17、 for blood donations for him,and theyre cutting him off now to protect his health.He made his final donation surrounded by some of the mothers and babies who his blood helped save.Harrisons retirement is a blow to the Rh treatment program in Australia.Only 160 donors support the program,and finding
18、new donors has proven to be difficult.But Harrisons retirement from giving blood doesnt mean hes completely out of the game.Scientists are collecting and cataloging his DNA to create a library of antibodies and white blood cells that could be the future of the anti-D program in Australia.【文章大意】这是一篇记
19、叙文。短文叙述了一位澳大利亚男子在他14岁时,因为他的病,急需要血液,别人输血救了他的生命。因此他决定一旦年满18岁,就开始尽可能定期献血。他一直捐献自己极其罕见的血液来救别人,60多年里,献血将近1200次,救了240万婴儿的生命。5.What do we know about James Harrison?A.He saved 2.4 million poor people.B.He is to retire as a blood donor.C.He is a very grateful blood donor.D.He donates blood nearly every day.【解
20、析】选C。推理判断题。由第一段“he decided that once he turned 18,he would begin donating blood as regularly as he could”以及第二段“More than 60 years and almost 1,200 donations later,Harrison,whose blood contains an antibody that has saved the lives of 2.4 million babies from miscarriages”可知,他决定一旦年满18岁,就开始尽可能定期献血。60多年内
21、,他献血将近1200次。他的血液中含有一种抗体,这种抗体挽救了240万婴儿的生命。所以哈里森兑现了他14岁许下的诺言。故通过关键词“begin donating blood as regularly,60 years,1,200 donations,save”可以判断出,哈里森是个非常感恩的献血者。故C选项正确。6.What is the authors purpose of writing paragraph 4?A.To state Harrisons decision to continue donating blood.B.To describe how Harrisons donat
22、ions come to an end.C.To introduce some babies saved by Harrisons blood.D.To praise Harrison for his cooperation with the doctors.【解析】选B。目的意图题。由第四段“His doctors said it was time to stop the donations and they certainly dont take them lightly.his blood helped save.”可知,他的医生说,是时候停止捐赠了,他们当然不会轻易接受。他们已经延长了
23、他献血的年龄限制,现在为了保护他的健康,他要停止献血。他做了最后一次捐赠,他的血液挽救了一些母亲和婴儿的生命。所以通过医生所说的话,可以判断出,第四段的目的是描述哈里森的献血是如何结束的。故B选项正确。7.What can we infer from the passage about Harrison?A.After his retirement,the Rh program will fail.B.New donors are easy to find in a short time.C.He continues to contribute to the Rh program.D.His
24、DNA is kept in a library for future study.【解析】选C。推理判断题。由最后一段“But Harrisons retirement from giving blood doesnt mean hes completely out of the game.Scientists are collecting and cataloging his DNA to create a library of antibodies and white blood cells that could be the future of the anti-D program i
25、n Australia.”可知,但是哈里森从献血中退休并不意味着他完全退出了这个项目,科学家们正在收集和编目他的DNA,以建立一个抗体和白血球库,这可能是澳大利亚抗-D计划的未来。所以尽管哈里森已经退休,但他并不是完全退出,因为围绕着他血液的研究会一直进行下去,所以哈里森会继续为Rh项目做出贡献。故C选项正确。8.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.A Unique Man with a Rare Blood TypeB.The Blood Saving Millions of BabiesC.A Specia
26、l Blood producerD.The Man with the Golden Arm【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读全文可知,短文叙述了一位澳大利亚男子在他14岁时,因为他的病,急需血液,别人输血救了他的生命。因此他决定一旦年满18岁,就开始尽可能定期献血。他一直捐献自己极其罕见的血液来救别人,60多年里,献血将近1200次,救了超过240万婴儿的故事。所以短文主要在叙述一位有极其珍贵的手臂的人,是这样的手臂输出的血液,救了这么多的人。故短文的最佳标题为“一位有极其珍贵的手臂的人”。故D选项正确。【知识拓展】佳词积累1.a major chest operation一个大的胸部手术2.bl
27、ood donation 献血3.save ones life 挽救某人的生命4.extend v.延长5.cut off 阻止.完形填空I learned my first lesson at a meeting.As we sat around the table I heard Meg,who was 1a recent operation,talking to Judith,the manager of our project.“Thank you so much for 2my daughters to their dance lessons last week.”Judith sa
28、id,“It was nothing.”Knowing how tight Judiths schedule was,I found her driving Megs children to lessons unbelievably 3.I was about to say more about this when Donna,another colleague,entered the room 4.She apologized for being late,saying she just hosted a lunch for her friends who were over seventy
29、.“That is so nice of you,”I said,knowing how busy she was,how she didnt like to cook and clean.“Oh,”she said,waving her hand,“It was nothing.”5,I could still tell the 6in her voice.She did gain a sense of satisfaction from the entertainment offered to her friends.Seeing their 7to help others selfles
30、sly,I started thinking about the concept of“nothing”,this peaceful and generous way of livinghad it really been nothing or were they simply saying that?It 8to me that once I spent a whole afternoon after work helping a friend 9a speech.I recommended her to rearrange the sequence of the stories in th
31、e lecture to make it sound more 10.After the fifth try,she finally 11it.She hugged me with gratitude,saying thanks to me.I smiled and said it was nothing.Suddenly,I realized that helping someone was really something to me.I learned that giving from the heart doesnt 12mean sacrifice and hard work.The
32、 13is finding something we love to do and finding someone who needs that something.Our generosity can benefit others 14ourselves.Once you have a good 15 of it,its nothing.And its really something.【文章大意】本文通过事例告诉人们:找到我们喜欢做的事,找到需要帮助的人。我们的慷慨对别人还有我们自己都有利。1.A.adapting toB.recovering fromC.going through D.
33、rejoicing in【解析】选B。adapting to使自己适应于;recovering from从中恢复;going through仔细检查;rejoicing in因感到欣喜。句意:我听见Meg正在和我们的项目经理Judith谈话。根据空后面的a recent operation可知,Meg刚从最近的一次手术中恢复过来。故选B。2.A.guidingB.fetchingC.drivingD.dragging【解析】选C。guiding指导;fetching去取,去拿;driving驾驶;dragging牵引。根据第二段第一句中driving,可知上周Judith开车送Meg的女儿去上
34、舞蹈课。故选C。3.A.ridiculousB.energeticC.tiresomeD.generous【解析】选D。ridiculous可笑的;energetic精力充沛的;tiresome烦人的;generous慷慨的。句意:我知道Judith的时间表很紧,但她送Meg的孩子上舞蹈课却慷慨得令人难以置信。D项符合语境。4.A.disappointedlyB.angrilyC.hurriedlyD.unexpectedly【解析】选C。disappointedly令人失望地;angrily生气地;hurriedly匆忙地;unexpectedly未料到地。我正要说更多,这时候另一个同事匆忙
35、地进了房间。根据空格下句She apologized for being late(她因为迟到而道歉。)可知,迟到的另一个同事Donna应该是匆忙进入房间。故选C。5.A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.Somehow【解析】选D。Moreover而且,此外;Therefore因此;Otherwise要不然的话;Somehow不管怎样。根据下句She did gain a sense of satisfaction from the entertainment offered to her friends.(她从她为朋友提供的娱乐中得到了满足感。)可知,上句的意
36、思是“不管怎样,我从她的声音里辨别出了她的开心”。D项符合语境。6.A.regretB.sadnessC.surpriseD.pleasure【解析】选D。regret遗憾;sadness悲哀;surprise惊讶;pleasure快乐。不管怎样,我从她的声音里辨别出了她的开心。下句的a sense of satisfaction说明她是“开心的”,故选D。7.A.willingnessB.ambitionC.promiseD.progress【解析】选A。willingness愿意;ambition雄心;promise许诺;progress进步。看到他们无私地乐意帮助别人,我开始思考“什么都
37、没有”的概念。根据selflessly(无私地),可知她们愿意帮助别人,故选A。8.A.referredB.occurredC.appearedD.seemed【解析】选B。referred谈及,参考;occurred发生;appeared出现;seemed似乎。这真的是什么也不在意,或他们只是随便说说?我突然想起我曾经用了一个下午帮助朋友准备演讲。It occurred to sb.that.某人突然想起。故选B。9.A.put upB.prepare forC.give awayD.deal with【解析】选B。put up建造,举起;prepare for为做准备;give away赠
38、送,泄露;deal with处理。根据下句的rearrange the sequence of the stories in the lecture可知,“我”在帮助朋友准备演讲,故选B。10.A.sensibleB.confusingC.sensitiveD.typical【解析】选A。sensible合乎情理的;confusing混乱的;sensitive敏感的;typical典型的。我建议她重新安排演讲的故事片段,为了使它听起来更合乎情理。故选A。11.A.gotB.meantC.caughtD.made【解析】选D。got得到;meant意味;caught抓住;made制造。她试了五次
39、之后,最后成功了。make it意为“成功,达到预定的目标”,故选D。12.A.normallyB.accidentallyC.possiblyD.necessarily【解析】选D。normally正常地;accidentally意外地;possibly可能地;necessarily必要地。我了解到发自内心地给予并不一定意味着牺牲和艰苦的工作。not necessarily不一定,故选D。13.A.treatB.trickC.plotD.plan【解析】选B。treat治疗;trick窍门,诡计;plot情节;plan计划。窍门是找到我们愿意做的事情。故选B。14.A.on account
40、ofB.as well asC.except forD.regardless of【解析】选B。on account of因为;as well as还有;except for除之外;regardless of尽管,不管。我们的慷慨对别人还有我们自己都有利。故选B。15.A.orderB.glimpseC.impressionD.command【解析】选D。order命令;glimpse瞥;impression印象;command控制,指挥,命令。一旦你掌握了它,便没什么了不起的。故选D。have a good command of精通,掌握。【点睛】在完形填空的命题中,通常会涉及固定短语、固定
41、搭配,平常在学习中多积累这些固定短语、固定搭配,以后会在解完形填空中派上很大用场,节省很多时间。比如在小题11中,虽然考查动词,但不难看出make it是固定用法,表示“成功,做成某事”。故选D。.语法填空A hutong is an ancient city street typically in Beijing.1._(surround)the Forbidden City,many were built during the Yuan,Ming and Qing 2._(dynasty).In order to establish the strongest power,emperors
42、 planned the city and arranged the residential areas.3._center of the city Beijing was the royal palacethe Forbidden City.At the end of the Qing dynasty,after 4.(close)China came under the influence from abroad,many old hutongs lost 5._(they)former neat arrangement.After the founding of the Peoples
43、Republic of China in 1949,hutongs conditions 6._(improve).But in recent years,the houses in many hutongs have been pulled 7._ and replaced by modern buildings.And the hutong today is fading into the shade for 8._ tourists and local people.However,in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongs
44、 still occupy one 9._(three)of the total area,providing housing for half population,so many hutongs 10._(survive).In this respect,we see Beijing as an ancient yet modern city.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了北京胡同的发展历史、建造作用以及当前的状况等。1.【解析】Surrounding。胡同环绕着紫禁城,它们中的许多建造于元、明、清时期。分析该句结构可知,many前面的部分为状语;主语many代指“胡同”,和动词
45、surround之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。2.【解析】dynasties。根据该句中的“Yuan,Ming and Qing”可知,该处指三个朝代,dynasty为可数名词,故该处用复数形式。3.【解析】The。北京城的中心是皇宫紫禁城。根据该句中的“of the city Beijing”可知,该处特指“北京城的中心”,故用定冠词The。4.【解析】closed。根据句子结构和空后的名词“China”可知,空处修饰该名词,表示“闭关自守的”,故用形容词。5.【解析】their。根据空后的名词短语“former neat arrangement”可知,空处修饰该名词短语,故用形
46、容词性物主代词。6.【解析】were improved。1949年中华人民共和国成立以后,胡同的状况得到了改善。该句主语为“hutongs conditions”,和动词improve之间是被动关系,故用被动语态;根据该句中的时间状语可知,该句介绍过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。7.【解析】down。但是近年来,许多胡同中的房子被拆毁,取而代之的是现代化的建筑。pull down为固定搭配,意为“拆毁”。8.【解析】both。both.and.为固定搭配,意为“两者都”。9.【解析】third。该处指“在北京市区的胡同中的房子占整个地区的三分之一”;one third“三分之一”。10.【解析】have survived。该空表示过去的动作一直持续到现在,故用现在完成时。
