1、Section BUsing language.知识体系图解 重点词汇 1.v.争论;争辩 2.adj.有智慧的;聪明的 3.adj.各种各样的;各种不同的 4.n.志愿者;义务工作者;自愿参加者 5.v.申请 6.n.计划表;进度表;日程表 argueintelligentvariousvolunteerapplyschedule7.poster n.8.drama n.9.debate n.10.stage n.11.topic n.12.investigate v.海报戏剧讨论;辩论舞台话题;论题 查明;调查重点短语1.照顾 2.保持健康 3.为争论 4.参加 5.care about
2、6.take up 7.turn to 8.make notes of look afterkeep fitargue abouttake part in在乎;关心占据;占用转向;翻到做笔记;记录重点句式1.His words made me a lot more relaxed!2.To help them do this,some senior high schools offer courses in time management.重点语法基本句子结构.释义匹配1.poster A.a person who does a job without being paid for it2.d
3、ebateB.a discussion expressing different opinions3.argueC.to find out information and facts about a subject or problem by study or research4.investigateD.a large notice,often with a picture on it5.volunteerE.to speak angrily to sb.because you disagree with them答案:1.D2.B3.E4.C5.A.判断下列句子为哪种基本句子结构1.The
4、 teacher corrected her poor pronunciation more than once.2.Story telling has much strength in improving oral English skills.3.The students are studying in the classroom.4.He told me how to make a chair.5.This gave us much encouragement.6.His wish is to become a scientist.7.The motor is out of order.
5、8.The weather is getting quite warm.9.I heard him singing in the next door.10.You shouldnt let him go there alone.主+谓+宾主+谓+宾主+谓主+谓+间宾+直宾主+谓+间宾+直宾主+系+表主+系+表主+系+表主+谓+宾+宾补主+谓+宾+宾补.翻译句子1.演出将于今天下午两点在学生中心开始。(主+谓)2.它们给我们提供了快乐和兴奋。(主+谓+间宾+直宾)3.在未来的三年里,我们的学校生活将充满挑战。(主+系+表)The show will begin at two oclock thi
6、s afternoon at the Student Centre.They offer us joy and excitement.In the coming three years,our school life will be challenging.4.在闲暇时间,我将继续定期参加锻炼,例如游泳、跑步以及骑自行车。(主+谓+宾)5.你的参与必定会让活动更为成功。(主+谓+宾+宾补)In my free time,Ill continue to take regular exercise,such as swimming,running and cycling.Your particip
7、ation will certainly make the event more successful.重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习1.Meet new people&stay fit and healthy!(教材P6)结识新朋友,并保持身体健康!【词汇精讲】句中的fit是形容词,意为“健康的;强健的”,还有“适合的”的意思;fit作动词时,意为“适合;合身;安装”。Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature.体育运动有助于你保持健康,接触大自然。He is in poor health;he is not fit
8、for heavy work.他身体不好,不适合做重活。The new shoes dont fit him well.They are too small.这双新鞋有点小,不太适合他。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】be fit for适合;胜任be fit to do适合做keep/stay fit保持健康fit in with与相适应,与相协调That bottle of milk is not fit to drink because it is out of date.那瓶过期的牛奶不适合饮用。Meng Haos mother believes that hell fit
9、 in with the new classmates.孟浩的妈妈相信他一定能与新同学相处融洽。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习(1)fit指大小、尺寸、形状合适,引申为“吻合”;(2)suit指符合某人的口味或服装颜色、款式等的相配或适合,使人看上去有吸引力;另外,用于比喻意义时多用suit;(3)match多指大小、颜色、形状等协调,通常被译为“匹配”。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习2.Join us on drama and let our experienced director help you find your inner star.(教材P6)
10、加入我们的戏剧社,让我们经验丰富的导演帮助你找到你内在的才能。【词汇精讲】句中的experienced是形容词,意为“有经验的,熟练的”,通常作定语或表语。Its a team packed with experienced and mature professionals.那个小组里都是些经验丰富的专业人士。Our English teacher is very experienced in creative teaching.我们的英语老师在创造性教学方面很有经验。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】experience n.经验;经历vt.经历,体验,感受have experie
11、nce in sth.在方面有经验from/by experience凭经验;从经验中(得出)be experienced in/at在方面有经验He had many interesting experiences while travelling in Africa.他在非洲旅行时,有许多有趣的经历。Hearing these stories,Im skeptical about the place other destinations are described as“purer”natural experiences.(2019全国卷)听到这些故事,我对这个地方表示怀疑其他目的地被描述
12、为“更纯粹”的自然体验。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【名师点睛】表示“经历,经过的事”时,experience是可数名词,有复数形式;表示“经验”时,experience是不可数名词。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习3.Argue about the weeks hottest topics with the schools sharpest minds!(教材P6)与学校最敏锐的头脑讨论本周最热门的话题!【词汇精讲】句中的argue是不及物动词,意为“争论,辩论,说服”,常与介词about或with搭配。Im not going to argue with
13、 you,but I think youre wrong.我不想与你争辩,但是我认为你错了。She argued with him.(2019北京卷)她和他争论。They argued with each other about the best place for a holiday.他们为最佳的度假地点而争论。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】argument n.争论,辩论;论据arguable adj.可论证的;可疑的argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事argue sb.into 说服某人(做某事或接受某种意见)argue sb.out o
14、f 说服某人不做某事/打消某种念头argue against 反驳argue for 赞同;主张have an argument with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习We tried many ways to argue him into accepting our advice,but in vain.我们尝试了很多办法劝说他接受我们的建议,但都是徒劳。The head teacher argued her out of throwing away the good opportunity.班主任劝她不要放弃这个好机会。Many exp
15、erts argue for the ban of riding motorcycles in the city.许多专家主张禁止在城市中骑摩托车。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【微写作】Meng Hao wanted to travel to the South during his summer vacation,but his parents had an argument with him about it.His parents thought it unsafe for him to travel,so they tried to argue him out of the ide
16、a.But Meng Hao thought he was a high school student and could protect himself.In the end,he argued his parents into accepting his plan to travel alone.孟浩想利用暑假时间去南方旅游,但是他的父母为此与他发生了争论。父母认为一个人出去旅行不安全,于是试图说服他打消这个念头。但是孟浩认为自己已经是高中生了,能够保护好自己。最后,他说服父母接受了他独自旅行的计划。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随
17、堂练习4.Come along and take great pictures with us.(教材P6)来吧,和我们拍好看的照片。【词汇精讲】come along意为“来吧;一起来;一起走;进展;出现”。如果需要接宾语,后面加介词with。Theres a big press launch today and youre most welcome to come along.今天有一个大型的媒体推介会,非常希望您能光临。If you are going to the beach in the summer vacation,can I come along with you?如果你暑假去海
18、边,我可不可以和你一起去?重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】come about发生come across(偶然)遇见,发现come back回来;回想come from来自come off离开;脱落;举行come on跟着来;进步;快点come out出来;长出;出版;结果是come to共计;达成;苏醒;归结为come up走近;上来;被提及come up with想出;提出;提供;赶上重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习Can you explain how it came about that you were an hour late for class?你上课迟到一个小时,对
19、此你怎么解释呢?Her cat came up and rubbed itself against their legs.她的猫跑上前来,在他们腿上蹭来蹭去。Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem:a smart keyboard.(2019全国卷)佐治亚理工大学的研究人员说,他们想出了一种解决这个问题的低成本设备:智能键盘。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂
20、练习5.but also teach them to care about others.(教材P7)同时也教会他们关心他人。【词汇精讲】care about在句中意为“关心”,宾语可以是人也可以是事物,还可意为“在乎;计较;忧虑”。He thinks of only himself and doesnt care about other people.他只想到自己,从不关心他人。I dont care about what he will say.我不在乎他会说些什么。The company may be in danger,so we care about that.公司可能面临危险,我们
21、因此而忧虑。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】care for 照顾;喜欢take care of 照顾;处理under/in the care of 由管理/照管with care 仔细地,认真地,小心地take care 当心,留神;保重,珍重重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习The teacher was very pleased to see that the students cared for each other.看到学生们之间彼此十分关照,老师很欣慰。.he will always stop what hes doing to take care of a child
22、if that child is having a bad day.(2019天津卷)如果一个孩子过得不好,他总是停止他正在做的事情,去照顾那个孩子。Roses will always have thorns but with care they can be avoided.玫瑰花都有刺,不过只要小心就碰不到。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习6.After-school activities also play a part when students apply to college.(教材P7)学生申请大学时,课外活动也起到一定的作用。【词汇精讲】句中的a
23、pply是不及物动词,意为“申请,请求”,接宾语时,后面通常加介词to(sb.)或for(sth.);apply作及物动词时,意为“应用,实施;运用”。The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.(2019全国卷)最后期限和你需要申请什么取决于程序。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习She applied to the international school for a job as an English teacher.她向这所国际学校申请英语教师的职位。After graduation from univer
24、sity,Ill apply what I have learned to my future job.大学毕业后,我会将所学知识应用到未来工作中。The right thing would be to apply direct pressure to the wound.正确的做法是直接按住伤口。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】application n.应用,运用;请求;申请;申请表applicant n.申请人,请求者apply oneself to 致力于apply ones mind to 专心于apply.to.把应用于重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习We have r
25、eceived 400 applications for the job.对这份工作,我们已经收到400人的申请。However,technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem.(2019天津卷)然而,技术也是运用科学知识来解决问题This applicant is by far better than that one.目前这个申请者比那一个好。Tom has applied himself diligently to learning Chinese.汤姆孜孜不倦地学中文。重点词汇重
26、点句式重点语法随堂练习【微写作】In order to apply for the scholarship,I have applied my mind to writing the application.But I am only one of the applicants,so I dont know whether I can get it or not.为了申请奖学金,我专心写申请书。但是我只是申请人之一,所以我不知道自己是否能得到它。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习7.However,they can take up a lot of time,so
27、 students have to learn to organise their busy schedule.(教材P7)然而,它们可能会占用很多时间,所以学生们必须学会安排他们繁忙的日程。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇精讲】句中的take up意为“占用;占据”,是及物动词短语。此外,还可表示“开始从事;拿起;着手处理”。Im sorry to have taken up so much of your time.对不起,我占用了你这么多时间。The piano takes up too much space.这架钢琴占据了太多的空间。What led you to take up
28、 acting as a career?是什么使你从事了表演行业?They took up arms to fight against the enemy.他们拿起武器反抗敌人。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】take away 拿走;带走;夺走take back 退回;拿回;归还take down记下;拆卸take in 吸收;理解;欺骗take off 脱下;起飞;休假;(事业)腾飞take on呈现;雇用take out 取出;拔掉;带出去take over接管;接任重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习If I buy something and he doesnt like i
29、t,Ill take it back.要是我买的东西他不喜欢的话,我就会去退货。Many animals died because we have taken away their shelter and food.许多动物死去了,因为我们夺走了它们的庇护所和食物。You have to remind Jane to take out the garbage.你得提醒简把垃圾拿出去。We eventually took off at 12 oclock and arrived in Italy at 18:30.我们最终在12点起飞,18:30到达意大利。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词
30、汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习1.His words made me a lot more relaxed!(教材P5)他的话让我轻松多了!【句式剖析】这是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,形容词relaxed作宾语补足语。make作使役动词时,后面一般接复合宾语。The smell of cooking makes me hungry.烧菜的味道令我感到饥饿。The Internet makes our life and work more convenient.互联网使我们的生活和工作更方便了。These developments are likely to make our current
31、 problems with robocalls much worse.(2019北京卷)这些发展可能会使我们目前的预录电话问题更加严重。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【句式拓展】(1)make+宾语+名词(2)make+宾语+省略to的不定式(3)make+宾语+过去分词He has made it a rule to read English aloud in the morning.他已养成了早上大声朗读英语的习惯。She made her children wash their hands before eating.她要孩子们在吃东西前洗手。The speaker raised h
32、is voice in order to make himself heard.发言人提高了嗓音以便别人能听到他说的话。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【名师点睛】若此句型中作宾语补足语的名词为表示职位或头衔的名词,此名词前不加任何冠词;省略to的不定式作宾语补足语时,变为被动语态后,不定式须带to。He was the youngest,but they decided to make him captain.他最年轻,但他们仍决定选他当队长。Children should be made to understand the importance of saving water.应该让孩子们
33、懂得节约用水的重要性。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习2.To help them do this,some senior high schools offer courses in time management.(教材P7)为了帮助他们做到这一点,一些高中开设了时间管理课程。【句式剖析】to help them do this是动词不定式短语,在此处作目的状语。不定式作目的状语时,可以置于句首或句末,置于句首时通常用逗号与主句隔开。We must do everything we can to help people in need.我们必须尽一切努力帮助有
34、需要的人。To see distant objects clear,many people have to wear glasses.为了能看清远处的物体,许多人不得不戴眼镜。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习【句式拓展】(1)逻辑主语:通常与句子的主语保持一致,逻辑主语与构成不定式的动词为主谓关系时,不定式用主动式,否则用被动式。(2)与谓语动作的关系:是谓语动作的目的,一般发生在谓语动作之后。(3)强调形式:为表示强调,可在不定式前加in order/so as,需要注意的是so as to 不能位于句首,但in order to可以。(4)否定形式:不定式作目的状语时,其否定形式不能直接用
35、“not+不定式”,而是用in order not to do或so as not to do。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习He shouted and waved so as to/in order to be noticed.为了引起注意,他又喊又挥手。In order to support the whole family,he worked hard.为了维持一家人的生计,他拼命工作。I ran all the way in order not to/so as not to be late for school.为了上学不迟到,我一路跑着来的。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点
36、词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习基本句子结构英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成六种,其他句式都是在这些基本句子结构的基础上进行扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这六种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语六种基本句型列式如下:一:S V(主+谓)二:S V P(主+系+表)三:S V O(主+谓+宾)四:S V IO DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)五:S V O C(主+谓+宾+宾补)六:there be句型重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习基本句型一:S V(主+谓)可以作主语的成分有名词、主格代词、动词不定式、动词-ing形式等。主语一般出现在句首。注意可数名词的单数形式常
37、和冠词不分家!谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:They came.此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习S V(不及物动词)1.The sun was shining.太阳在照耀着。2.The moon rose.月亮升起来了。3.The universe remains.宇宙长存。4.We all breathe,eat,and drink.我们都呼吸、吃饭和喝水。5.Who cares?谁在乎呢?6.They talke
38、d for half an hour.他们谈了半个小时。7.The pen writes smoothly.这支笔书写流利。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习基本句型二:S V P(主+系+表)此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子的谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫系动词。系动词分两类:be,look,seem,remain等属一类,表示状况;get,grow,become,turn等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起联系主语和表语的作用。其他系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作系动词:look we
39、ll看起来不错,sound nice听起来不错,feel good感觉良好,smell bad气味难闻。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习S V(系动词)P1.This is an English-Chinese dictionary.这是一本英汉词典。2.The dinner smells good.晚餐闻起来很香。3.Everything looks different.一切看来都不同了。4.He is growing tall and strong.他长得又高又壮。5.The problemis that they are short of money.问题是他们缺钱。6.Our well
40、 has gone dry.我们的井干枯了。7.His face turned red.他的脸红了。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习基本句型三:S V O(主+谓+宾)此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语发出的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫作及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后,与主语的成分基本一样,不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是“宾格”,如:me,him,them等。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习S V(及物动词)O1.Who knows the answer?谁知道答案?2.She expressed her gratit
41、ude.她表达了谢意。3.He has refused to help them.他拒绝帮他们。4.He enjoys reading.他喜欢看书。5.They ate what was left over.他们吃了剩饭。6.He said“Good morning!”他说:“早上好!”7.I want to have a cup of tea.我想喝杯茶。8.He admitted that he had made mistakes.他承认犯了错。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习基本句型四:S V IO DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,如:give给,pass递,bri
42、ng带,show显示。两个宾语通常一个指人,为间接宾语;另一个指物,为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。一般的语序为:动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。如:Give me a cup of tea,please.强调间接宾语时,语序:动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。如:Show this house to Mr Smith.重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习S V(及物动词)IO(多指人)DO(多指物)1.She ordered herself a new dress.她给自己订了一件新裙子。2.She cooked her husband a delicious meal.她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。
43、3.He brought you a dictionary.他给你带来了一本字典。4.He denies her nothing.他对她什么都不拒绝。5.I showed him my pictures.我给他看我的照片。6.I gave my car a wash.我洗了我的车。7.I told him that the train was late.我告诉他火车晚点了。8.He showed me how to run the machine.他向我展示了如何操作机器。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习基本句型五:S V O C(主+谓+宾+宾补)此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词
44、,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来辅助宾语,才能使句子意思完整。宾语补足语是位于宾语之后对宾语做出补充说明的成分,宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语。名词/代词宾格+名词重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习The war made him a soldier.战争使他成为一名战士。名词/代词宾格+形容词New methods make the job easy.新方法使这项工作变得轻松。名词/代词宾格+介词短语I often find him at work.我经常发现他在工作。名词/代词宾格+动词不定式The teacher asks the st
45、udents to close the windows.老师让学生们关上窗户。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习名词/代词宾格+分词I saw a cat running across the road.我看见一只猫跑过了马路。S V(及物动词)O(宾语)C(宾补)1.They appointed him manager.他们任命他当经理。2.They painted the door green.他们把门涂成绿色。3.This set them thinking.这使得他们开始思考。4.They found the house deserted.他们发现那所房子无人居住。5.What make
46、s him think so?他怎么会这样想?6.We showed him out.我们送他出去。7.He asked me to come back soon.他要我早点回来。8.I saw them getting on the bus.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习基本句型六:there be句型该句型表达存在,看似一种无主语的“有”,其实是一种倒装句式:主语位于谓语动词 be 之后,there 仅为引导词,并无实际意义。be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上保持一致,有时态和情态的变化。如:现在有 there is/are.过去有 there was/were
47、.将来有 there will be./there is/are going to be.现在已经有 there has/have been.可能有 there might be.肯定有 there must be./there must have been.过去常有 there used to be.重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习似乎有 there seem/seems/seemed to be.碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be.该句型的变式结构是“There live/stand/come/go/lie/remain/exist/arrive
48、.+主语+地点状语”。如:There stands an old temple on the top of the mountain.山顶上有一座古庙。There once lived an old man by the sea.从前有个老人住在海边。重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习.单词拼写1.Scientists have been d about this question for a long time.答案:debating2.We had an a with the waiter about the bill.答案:argument3.This matter is very ser
49、ious and must be thoroughly i.答案:investigated4.All human beings are much more i than animals.答案:intelligent重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习5.One had better see life in its v aspects when young.答案:various6.Hundreds of v have come forward to offer their help.答案:volunteers7.They had entered the country and had a for p
50、ermanent residence(永久居留).答案:applied8.Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of s.答案:schedule重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习.翻译下列句子1.她高兴地跳了起来。(主+谓)答案:She jumped up happily.2.河里的水摸起来很凉。(主+系+表)答案:The water in the river feels cold.3.他们决定放弃这个机会。(主+谓+宾)答案:They decided to give up the chance.重点词汇重点句式重点语法随堂练习4.
