1、外研版(2019)必修一Unit 2 Exploring EnglishUsing languageLearning Aims2.To learn how to guess the meanings of the words.1.To learn some rules of word formation.Compounding；Conversion；Derivation；Acronym一种语言的词汇绝不能看作是无生命的、完全的整体。词汇是会通过其构词能力不断地生成和再生成的。语言学家洪堡Word Formation-构词法Compounding（合成）Conversion（转化）Derivat
2、ion（派生）Acronym（缩略）构词法（根据一定的规律构成新单词的方法）汉语的构词:闷 扁偏编Compounding（合成合成）create a new word by compounding two or more existing words(有两个或更多的词合成一个词有两个或更多的词合成一个词)(1)n.+n.:air conditioner（空调）；blood pressure（血压）(2)adj.+n.：central bank（中央银行）；fast food（快餐）(3)v-ing.+n.：washing machine（洗衣机）；driving license（驾驶证）(4)
3、n.+v-ing.：story-telling（讲故事）；hand-writing（笔迹）(5)adv.+v.：outbreak（爆发）；output（产量）(6)v.+adv.：breakdown（故障）；feedback（反馈）1.合成名词2.合成形容词（1）词尾为过去分词或+ed:absent-minded（心不在焉的）；hand-made（手工的）（2）词尾为现在分词：good-looking（好看的）；easy-going（随和的）（3）词尾为形容词：duty-free（免税的）；homesick （想家的）3.合成动词 overcome（战胜）;undergo（经历）4.合成副词w
4、hole-heartedly（全心全意地）;downstairs（在楼下）Find the Compounding words in the reading material and give the meanings.Have a PracticeWhile were doing all this travelling,we can get seasick at sea,airsick in the air and carsick in a car,but we dont get homesick when we get back home.And speaking of home,why
5、arent homework and housework the same thing?seasick（晕船）;airsick（晕机）;carsick（晕车）;homesick（想家）;homework（家庭作业）;housework（家务事）change the part of speech（词性）(改变单词的词性)Conversion（转化）(1)动词 名词Look at me.Let me have a look.(2)名词 动词Open your book.I must book the ticket.(3)形容词 动词Our classroom is very clean.We cl
6、ean our classroom every day.(4)形容词 名词(意义改变)You are right.Citizens have the right to speak freely.Have a Practice请大家判断词性转化类型,然后翻译句子(1)Let me have a try.(2)You couldshoulderthe task.(3)You should try your best to better your performance.(4)They arediscussingthecontentof thestory.v.-n.让我来试一试。n.-v.你可以承担
7、这项任务。adj.-v.你应该尽最大努力让自己有更好的表现。adj.-n.他们正在讨论这个故事的内容。Derivation 派生派生by adding a prefix or(and)a suffix(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词)unemployment单词=前缀词根后缀改变词义词的本意改变词性Prefix-前缀前缀1.表示否定的前缀：dis-il-im-ir-in-un-2.表示空间位置，方向的前缀:by-inter-mid-under-.3.表示比较程度差别关系的前缀：extra-over-super-under4.表示时间的前缀：ex-forem
8、id-post-5.表示重复的前缀：re-6.表示动化的前缀：en-1.表示否定意义前缀：Prefix-前缀前缀dis-in-il-im-ir-mis-non-un-convenient inconvenient(不方便的)legal illegal(不合法的)possible impossible(不可能的)responsible irresponsible(不负责的)ability disability(无能力;残疾)understand misunderstand（误解）profit non-profit（非盈利的）certain uncertain（不确定的）Prefix-前缀前缀by
9、-“附近，邻近”road byroad（侧道）under-“在.下面”ground underground（地铁）inter-“在间，相互”national international（国际的）mid-“中间”night midnight（午夜）,autumn mid-autumn（中秋）re-“又,再”arrange rearrange（重新安排）en-“使.”able enable（使能够）pre-“前”war pre-war（战前的）post-“后”war post-war（战后的）2.表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀 4.表示其他意义3.表示时间 advantage sensitive m
10、oral logical reversible(可逆的）necessaryHave a Practice disadvantage 不利的 insensitive 不敏感的 immoral 不道德的 illogical 无逻辑的 irreversible 不可逆的 unnecessary 没有必要的给以下单词加上前缀并猜测词义Suffix-后缀后缀名词后缀形容词后缀动词后缀副词后缀1.表示人的名词后缀Suffix-后缀后缀-er:design designer（设计者）-or:actor actor（演员）-ee:employ employee（雇员）-ist:art artist（艺术家）-
11、ian:music musician（音乐家）-ant:assist assistant（助手）-ess:god goddess(女神)-ness:careless carelessness（粗心）-ment:achieve achievement（成就）-dom:free freedom（自由）-tion:attract attraction（吸引力）-ance:accept acceptance（接受）-ence:depend dependence（依赖）-ture:mix mixture（混合，混合物）-y:recover recovery（恢复,痊愈）2.其他名词后缀3.形容词后缀Su
12、ffix-后缀后缀-able:avoid avoidable（可避免的）-tive:attract attractive（有吸引力的）-al:nation national（民族的）-(i)ous:danger dangerous（危险的）-ful:help helpful（有帮助的）-less:care careless（粗心的）-some:trouble troublesome（有麻烦的）-ial:influence influential（有影响力的）4.动词后缀-en:sharp sharpen（使尖锐）-fy:simple simplify （使简化）-ize:modern mode
13、rnize（使现代化）5.副词后缀-ly:happy happily（高兴地）-s:indoor indoors（在室内）-ward(s):toward（趋向）Have a Practice找出段落中的派生词并猜测词义The gesture“thumb-up”is commonly misinterpreted.In English,it is popularly known as thumbs up,despite the fact that the action is commonly performed with only one hand.English-speaking Caucas
14、ians use it to signal OK,which is the same meaning as O.K.ring gesture.The two can in fact be used almost monly 通常地；misinterpret 误解；popularly 流行地；action 动作；interchangeably 可交换地Acronym（缩略）A word formed from the first letters of the words that make up the name of sth.（缩略法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变）World Health
15、 Organization WHO Information Technology ITtelephonephone aeroplaneplane2.截头缩略1.首字母缩略examinationexam laboratorylab 3.去尾缩略Match the words in bold to the types of word formation.1.changing the part of speech（词性）2.adding a prefix（前缀）or suffix（后缀）3.abbreviating（缩略）bining two or more wordsa.Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.b.sculpt a sculpturec.When wesee rain，we can say“it raining”d.WHOHave a PracticeSummaryThank you
