1、Unit13IntegratedSkills Problems with the current English teaching in Chinav1.isolated learning of English vocabularyv2.focus on language forms without their contexts or meaningsv3.teaching grammar without connecting to language usev4.teaching of a certain single skill without combining to the other
2、three.v5.many students are accustomed to self-learning without finding partners to practice their English.vAll the above can be summarized as segregatedsegregated teaching or learning of English.None of them can be regarded as a successful learning of language because ones overall competence in a fo
3、reign language involves performing effectively a combination of the skills(McDonough and Shaw,2003)13.1 Why should we integrate the four skills?vIn everyday life,we communicate through integrated skills.People can seldom employ a single language skill to do things:vinterview,vmake a speech,vorder di
4、shes,vexamination,vhave a lesson,vShoppingvIn language study,the skills will often interact with each other.For example,if you want to speak to others,you should first be able to understand the others;if you want to write back,you should be able to read.Obviously,the other skills can help one with t
5、he learning of a certain skill.vReading a novelvListen to the radiovWrite a lettervMake a speechvSo the understanding of listening and writing will enable you to speak and write.Thus,integrated skills will motivate students to learn English in real communication.vThese are the essential conditions f
6、or language learning.the conditions for language learningvAccording to Willis(1996:11),language can be acquired if the following conditions can be met:v1)Exposure v2)Usev3)Motivationv4)InstructionvThe first three are essential to language learning while the 4th one is a desirable one.Very amusingly,
7、most Chinese students can easily get the desirable condition but can only dream of the 3 essential ones.(see page 229)Segregated-skill teaching vs.integrated-skill teachingvSegregated teaching may suggest that one will never learn a language successfully.vIntegrating the four skills can lead to the
8、students all-round development of communicative competence in English.13.2 How can we integrate the four skills?vTherearetwotypesofintegration:vSimpleIntegration Receptive skills Productive skillsOral mediumlistening speakingWritten mediumreading writingv Complex IntegrationvOral medium:vlistening(a
9、 dialogue)speakingv (a dictation)vWritten medium:vreading (a letter)writingDictation is a good example of integrated activity.vA dictationvMy name is Jim Green.I live at 152 Jianguo Street,not far from the center of the city.I have lived there since 1990.I go to Number 14 Middle School.Ive been a st
10、udent there for nearly two and a half years.Example:an activity of integrated skills teachingvStep 1:T reads a story and Ss write it down listening and writingvStep 2:Ss may have a discussion about the topic listening and speaking vStep 3:Ask Ss to rewrite the story writingvStep 4:Exchange their wri
11、tings readingvAnd try to make some change if there are any mistakes.vSo this activity can be very communicative because it involves all of the skills.12.3 What are the implications for teaching(except for integrating skills)?v1.Try to teach language as a whole.v2.Try to integrate the four skills in
12、any classroom activity.v3.Adjust the textbook for an integrated teaching.v4.Train our student to have a sense of discourse,not just knowing of sentences or individual words and phrases.What is discourse?vIt is a whole unit of communicative text,either spoken or written,that is,every aspect of a text
13、.vThe discourse features are the main language aspects that we transfer from one skill to the other.Discourse features include aspects such as:v the organization 文字组织文字组织v the form/layout 文本格式文本格式v language style(formal or informal)语言风格语言风格v the register 标记性词语标记性词语v（e.g.Letters to students,parents,b
14、oyfriend,friend,Dean,manager,editor,teacher will be in different features of discourse.2.Adjusting the textbookvNot all the activities in the textbook can be designed for integration of the four skills,so we may need to make some changes to the contents,from the simple integration to the complex one
15、.3.Adjusting the timetablevThe Structure of a UnitvLesson 1 Dialogue SpeakingvLesson 2 A text ReadingvLesson 3 A second part of a dialogue/text Lesson 4 Listening or writing如何整合高中英语课本？如何整合高中英语课本？Take New Senior English for China as an example.v一、高中英语课本的有关情况必修课程必修课程 与与 顺序选修课程顺序选修课程普通高中课程标准实验教科书普通高中课程
16、标准实验教科书 英语英语(New Senior English for China)任意选修课程任意选修课程级别级别必修必修/顺序选修顺序选修模块模块名称名称学期学期（建议）（建议）单元单元语言语言知识知识与技与技能类能类高中英语语法与词汇高中英语语法与词汇 (English Grammar Tools for Life)英语写作英语写作 (Writing in English)九级九级 八级八级 七级七级 六级六级顺序顺序选修选修教材教材英语英语11高三下高三下5英语英语10高三上高三上学期学期5英语英语 95英语英语 8高二下高二下学期学期5语言语言应用应用类类初级财经英语初级财经英语 (
17、English for Personal Finance)计算机英语计算机英语 (Discovering Computers)英语英语 75英语英语 6高二上高二上学期学期5必修必修教材教材英语英语 55英语英语 4高一下高一下学期学期5欣赏欣赏类类小说欣赏入门小说欣赏入门(Basic Elements of Short Stories)英语英语 35英语英语 2 高一上高一上学期学期5英语英语 1518课程目标课程目标综合语言综合语言运用能力运用能力国际视野国际视野祖国意识祖国意识合作精神合作精神自信意志自信意志动机兴趣动机兴趣语言知识语言知识话题话题功能功能语法语法词汇词汇语音语音语言技能
18、语言技能听听 说说 读读 写写学习策略学习策略资源策略资源策略交际策略交际策略调控策略调控策略认知策略认知策略文化意识文化意识文化知识文化知识文化理解文化理解跨文化交际跨文化交际意识和能力意识和能力情感态度情感态度v优化学习方式，提高自主学习能优化学习方式，提高自主学习能力力v关注学生情感，提高人文素养关注学生情感，提高人文素养19每单元包含的项目每单元包含的项目（学生用书部分）（学生用书部分）vWarming UpvPre-readingvReadingvComprehendingvLearning about Language(Discovering useful words and ex
19、pressions,Discovering useful structures)vUsing Language(listening,speaking,reading and writing)vSumming UpvLearning TipvReading for Fun20Pre-readingReadingComprehendingSumming Up学生用书单元板块设计学生用书单元板块设计Warming UpLearning about Languagev Discovering useful words and expressionsv Discovering useful struct
20、uresUsing Language Listening Speaking Reading Writing*Reading for funLearning Tip211、教材整合的原则、教材整合的原则(1)(1)以课标为纲以课标为纲(2)(2)以教材为源以教材为源(3)(3)以教师为主以教师为主(4)(4)以学生为本以学生为本 二、教材的处理与整合的方法二、教材的处理与整合的方法222、教材整合的形式、教材整合的形式(1)(1)按照模块进行整合按照模块进行整合(2)(2)按照单元进行整合按照单元进行整合(3)(3)按照课时进行整合按照课时进行整合233、教材整合的方法、教材整合的方法(1)(1
21、)删减法删减法(2)(2)扩充法扩充法(3)(3)简化法简化法(4)(4)调整法调整法 (5)(5)替换法替换法24每单元每单元7 7课时，重组案例课时，重组案例 课课 型型1 课课 型型2课型课型3 热身、阅热身、阅 读读 热身、阅热身、阅 读读热身、听说热身、听说 语言知识语言知识 听（阅读听（阅读/写）写）阅读阅读 语语 法法 语言知识语言知识语言学习（语言点）语言学习（语言点）听（阅读听（阅读/写）写）语法语法语言学习（语法）语言学习（语法）说（与写）说（与写）说（与听）说（与听）语言运用（读、听）语言运用（读、听）写（与说）写（与说）写（与说）写（与说）语言运用（说、写）语言运用（说
22、、写）同步综合练习同步综合练习同步综合练习同步综合练习单元复习与反思单元复习与反思254、教材整合实例、教材整合实例 （Book 1 Unit 1）26vTextbook Unit 1 Page 1-8vWorkbook Unit 1v Page 41-47vTeachers book Page 1-29普通高中课程标准实验教科书英语book127 单元的内容结构单元的内容结构vTextbook Unit 1vWarming upvPre-readingvReadingvComprehendingvLearning about language Discovering useful words
23、&expressions Discovering useful structuresvUsing language Reading&listening Speaking Reading&writingvSumming up vLearning tipsWorkbook Unit 1ListeningTalkingUsing words and expressionsUsing structuresListening taskReading taskSpeaking taskWriting taskProjectChecking yourself28Unit 1 Friendship单元整体设计
24、思路单元整体设计思路第一课时第一课时 听说课听说课 Warming Up(p.1);Listening(p.41)and speaking第二课时第二课时 阅读课阅读课 Pre-reading(p.2);Reading(p.2);Comprehending (p.3)第三课时第三课时 语法课语法课 Discovering useful structures(p.5);Using structures(p.42-43)第四课时第四课时 语言学习课语言学习课 Discovering useful words and expressions(p.4);Using words and expressi
25、ons(p.41-42)第五课时第五课时 综合语言练习课综合语言练习课 Reading and listening(p.6);Speaking(p.6);Listening task(p.43)第六课时第六课时 写作课写作课 Reading and writing(p.7)第七课时第七课时 综合评价练习课综合评价练习课 Reading task(p.44);Self-evaluation,Summing up and self-test/exercises29一、教学内容一、教学内容：Warming Up(p.1);Listening(p.41)and speaking二、教学目标：二、教学目
26、标：1 1能力目标能力目标 在本节课结束时，学生能够：在本节课结束时，学生能够：就就“朋友应具备什么品质朋友应具备什么品质”这一话题表达自己的看法，使这一话题表达自己的看法，使用适当的形容词并通过简单举例来描述人的品质。用适当的形容词并通过简单举例来描述人的品质。在与其他人交流观点时使用同意或不同意的交际用语。在与其他人交流观点时使用同意或不同意的交际用语。理解听力材料中主人公对交友问题的看法，在教师的提示理解听力材料中主人公对交友问题的看法，在教师的提示和帮助下简明扼要地归纳中心内容。和帮助下简明扼要地归纳中心内容。在提供的语境中猜测新词汇的含义，并根据朋友应具有的在提供的语境中猜测新词汇的
27、含义，并根据朋友应具有的品质这一话题，通过联想记忆扩展词汇量。品质这一话题，通过联想记忆扩展词汇量。第一课时第一课时 听说课听说课302 2目标语言目标语言 重点词汇和短语重点词汇和短语 upset,loose,ignore,add up,walk the dog,重点句型结构重点句型结构 calm down,have got to,be concerned about,cheat in the exam3 3文化目标文化目标 领会友谊和朋友的真正内涵，懂得正确处领会友谊和朋友的真正内涵，懂得正确处理与朋友之间的问题。理与朋友之间的问题。31 三、教学步骤三、教学步骤vStep 1 Lead
28、in导入导入vStep 2 Warming Up 热身热身vStep 3 Listening 听力听力vStep 4 Speaking 说说vStep 5 Summary 总结总结vStep 6 Homework 作业作业32三、教学步骤三、教学步骤Step 1 Lead in 导入导入Activity:brainstormingSs:active,brave,careful,clever,honest,helpful,humorous,kind,smart,wise,hard-working(old words)generous,selfless,easy-going,reliable,co
29、nsiderate,patient,sincere,responsible (new words,see Unit 5)33T:(Summing up Ss answers,presenting new words)Its lucky to have good friends.When you feel upset or unhappy,a humorous friend can cheer you up.When you are angry or nervous about something,a considerate friend will listen to you and help
30、you calm down.A kind-hearted friend will care about you at all times.He/she will be concerned about you and want to see you are always happy.An honest friend will tell you the truth when you make a mistake.In addition,an honest friend wont help you cheat in the exam.A helpful friend will be ready to
31、 offer help when you need it.A helpful friend wont add up what he/she does for you.(listing the new words on Bb)34What qualities(品质品质)should a good friend have?I Lead in35What qualities(品质品质)should a good friend have?bravehonestresponsiblegeneroushumoroushelpfulpatientkindhearteddiligentopen-minded
32、considerateselfless36Do the survey on P1 by yourself.Then add up your score and see how many points you get.II Warming Up374-7points:You are not a good friend.You either ignore your friends needs or just do what he/she wants you to do.You should think about what a good friend needs to do.Think more
33、about this.Warming Up388-12 points:You are a good friend but you sometimes let your friendship become too important,or you fail to show enough concern for your friends needs and feelings.Try to strike a balance between your friends needs and your own responsibilities.Warming Up3913+points:You are an
34、 excellent friend who recognizes that to be a good friend you need to balance your needs and those of your friends.Well done!Warming Up40Step 2 Warming Up 热身热身 Activity:do the survey in the Warming Up section and finish the matching exercise (form and meaning:words and phrases)Summary:Q1:A friend sh
35、ould be helpful.Q2:A friend should be generous.Q3:A friend should be kind-hearted and concerned about you.Q4:A friend should be responsible.Q5:A friend should be honest.41v upset v ignore v calm down v have got to v be concerned aboutv walk the dog v loosevto become quiet after nervous activityvto b
36、e worried aboutvunhappy and worriedvto take no notice of vhave to dovfree,not tied upvto take a dog for a walkWarming Upv Match the word or expression with its meaning.42Step 3 Listening 听力听力Activity 1:listen to what Joy says about her friends(words and expressions used to describe a friends qualiti
37、es)43III Listening(1)441.Listen to the tape and write down the main idea of the listening text.Joy and her mother _ _.2.Listen again and answer these questions.vWho are Joys friends?_,_ and _.are talking aboutJoys new friends at schoolListening(1)SandyMarySusan45vWhat does Joy say about her friends?
38、Sandy is _.She likes _.Mary is _.She makes _.Susan is _.She says young people _ _.vWho is her best friend?_.Listening(1)honest and kind-heartedreading novels and paintingfunny,wise and kindus happy everydaybeautiful and understands my feelingsSusanneed friendsto share happiness and sorrow46Joy and h
39、er mother are talking about Joys new classmates.Listen to their conversation and answer the questions.Mom:How was your school today?Do you like your new class?Joy:I had a great day and I really like my new class.Mom:Too good to be true.Tell me about your class.Joy:Ive made a few friends already,Sand
40、y,Mary and Susan.They are very friendly.Mom:MmJoy:Sandy is honest and kind-hearted.She likes reading novels and painting.Mom:What about Mary and Susan?Joy:Mary is funny and wise.She makes us happy everyday.Shes also kind.I like Susan most.Shes beautiful and understands my feelings.She says young peo
41、ple need friends to share happiness and sorrow.If I have any problems,shes the first one I want to talk to.Mom:Im glad you have friends like Sandy,Mary and Susan.Now its time for dinner.Listening text 1摘自全日制普通高级中学摘自全日制普通高级中学英英语泛听语泛听第一册（上）第一册（上）47Activity 2:listen to what Leslie says about friends(WB
42、 Listening)1.Pre-listeningDiscuss these questions in pairs:vDo you have any friends from other countries?vIs it a good idea to make friends with people from other countries?vWhat are the advantages of this kind of friendship?Listening(2)48v to find out more about other countriesv to learn new ways o
43、f thinkingv to practise another language with a native speakerv to build up communication skillsv to let more people know about Chinese cultureListening(2)492.Listen to the tape and write down in one sentence why Leslie has come to China.Leslie has come to _ in China and her company sells _.do some
44、businessbusesListening(2)50_ going to watch Peking Opera_ going out for delicious dinners_ seeing the Great Wall_ visiting a mountain_ going to peoples homes_ staying in a good hotel_ swimming in the sea _ going shoppingListening(2)3.Listen to Part 1 and tick the things done by Leslie.51v What kind
45、of friends did Leslie make in China?v Does she think she can make a close friend in such a short time?Leslie made some friends but they are just business friends.She doesnt think one can make real friends on a short visit.Listening(2)4.Listen to the tape again and answer the questions:52Step 4 Speak
46、ing 说说Activity:discuss whether animals or other things can be your friends53Now discuss these questions with your partner:vDoes a friend always have to be a person?vCan animals or other things be our friends?IV SpeakingSample answers:Yes,I think so.So do I.Of course.No,I dont think so.Neither do I.I
47、m afraid not.I agree because we can.Yes,but.Im sorry,but I dont agree.In my opinion,I think/believe/feel that its bad for us to.54IV SpeakingSample questions:What do you think?How would you feel about that?Do you think?/Why do you think so?/What are your ideas?55vWhat useful words and expressions ha
48、ve we learned to describe the qualities of our friends?v What can we say to agree or disagree with others?V Summary561.Listen to the tape and preview the new words in the reading passage.2.Search and collect background knowledge about what happened to Jews during World War II.3.Finish WB P.45 Speaki
49、ng Task.Homework57Unit 1 Friendship第二课时第二课时 阅读课阅读课58I Pre-reading1.Look at the pictures and the title of the reading passage.Guess what it might be about.Annes best friend592.Now observe the text carefully to find out:vhow many parts it containsvwhat the different parts are aboutIt contains two part
50、s.One part is one page of Annes diary,the other one is the background knowledge about Anne and her diary.Pre-reading60Reading skills:skimmingHow to skim:Read the title.Read the introduction or the first paragraph.Read the first sentence of every other paragraph.Read any headings and sub-headings.Not
