1、（madeofdingshangtuwenmadeofdingshangtuwen）牛津版牛津版高一高一Module 3Unit 2Grammar and usage(1)That the earth is round is a fact.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief.My idea is that we should do it right now.I had no idea that you were her friend.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句I.名词从句的种类名
2、词从句的种类II.Tell the function of the following sentences.a.subject b.object c.predicative d.appositive1.The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countriesis still unknown to many.2.The question is whether it is worth doing.dc3.Some people feel that Wales is an ancient fairy land.4.That he will c
3、omeis certain.5.They realize that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.6.Why he did itwasnt quite clear.bbaaWe can use the following question words to introduce noun clauses:what,which,who/whom,whose,when,where,why and how.III.Noun Clauses introduced by question wo
4、rds:We use a question word to introduce a noun clause when the clause is a wh-question.The clause can function as thesubject,object or predicativeof the sentence.1.Where does a person come from?This will affect their style of speech.=Where a person comes from will affecttheir style of speech.wh-ques
5、tionsubject2.Why does English have such strange rules?You can begin to see it!=You can begin to see it why English has such strangerules!wh-questionobject3.Why is English a language with so many confusing rules?This is the reason.=This is why English is a language with so many confusing rules.wh-que
6、stionpredicative1.We change the word order in a clause after a question word into that of a statement.2.We cannot leave out the question words in noun clauses in any cases.Attention:A on Page 28 B on Page 28 IV.ExercisesA.1.O 2.S 3.P 4.O 5.O 6.PB.1.why 2.what 3.which 4.how/why 5.how 6.who 7.How 8.Wh
7、ichAnswers1.-Do you remember _ he came?-Yes,I do.He came by car.a.how b.when c.that d.if2._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.a.If b.Whether c.That d.Where abV.Choose the best answer3.Ask her _ come with us.a.if she will b.if will she c.whether she d.whether will she4._ we cant underst
8、and is_ he didnt join us in our discussion.a.That;why b.Which;how c.What;what d.What;whyad在复合句中作主句的主语。引导词有连在复合句中作主句的主语。引导词有连词词that(that不可省不可省),whether;代词有代词有who,what,which;副词副词 when,where,how,why等。等。如如:1.That he is a famous singer is known to us.(It is known to us that he is a famous singer.)VI.主语从句
9、主语从句2.When he will go to America is not yet fixed.(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)3.Whether shes coming or not doesnt matter too much.(not if)(It doesnt matter too much whether shes coming or not.)在复合句中作主句的宾语。在复合句中作主句的宾语。引导词引导词有连词有连词that(that 常可省略常可省略),whether,if;代词有代词有who,whose,wha
10、t,which;副副词词 when,where,how,why等。如等。如:VII.宾语从句宾语从句1.We believe(that)he is honest.2.I askedif(=whether)they had a cheap suit.3.Can you tellwhichdictionary is hers?4.I really dont knowwhathe is doing.在复合句中作主句的表语。引导词有在复合句中作主句的表语。引导词有连词连词that(that不可省不可省),whether;代词代词有有who,what,which;副词副词 when,where,how,
11、why等。如等。如:VIII.表语从句表语从句The problem is that we didnt get in touch with him.This ishow Henry solved the problem.His suggestionis that we(should)finish the work at once.如果句子的主语是如果句子的主语是suggestion,advice.order等名词时等名词时,后面引导的表后面引导的表语从句用语从句用should+动词原形动词原形,should可可省略。省略。在句中起同位语的作用。在句中起同位语的作用。一般放在名一般放在名词词 f
12、act,news,idea,promise,thought,suggestion等之后等之后,用以说明或解释前用以说明或解释前面的名词。引导词有连词面的名词。引导词有连词 that;少数情少数情况下也可用连接副词等。如况下也可用连接副词等。如:IX.同位语从句同位语从句1.The thoughtthat we might successexcited us.2.The ideathat they should try a second timeis worth considering.3.The suggestionthat the plan(should)be delayedwill be
13、discussed tomorrow.4.You have no idea how worried I was.名词名词suggestion,advice,order等等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用用should+动词原形动词原形,should可省可省略略。Written exercises for noun clausesX.HomeworkC1 on page 94Grammar and usage(2)-Empty subject“It”1.Its a book.(指代指代)2.Its eight oclock.(时间时间)3.Its cold outsid
14、e.(天气天气)4.Its a long way to the museum.(距离距离)I.Revision1.We can use it as an empty subjectA.when we use a noun clause as the subject of a sentence.a.(preferable)It is certain that we would not be able to understand Old English today.=(correct)That we would not be able to understand Old English today
15、 is certain.II.Empty subject itb.(preferable)It is easy to answer whether English will continue changing in the future.=(correct)Whether English will continue changing in the future is easy to answer.c.(preferable)It depends on the style of writing when we use certain words.=(correct)When we use cer
16、tain words depends on the style of writing.1.It+be+adj.(true,certain,possible,obvious,likely)that2.It+be+noun phrase(no wonder,an honour,a pity,)that3.It+be+past participle(said,reported,expected,announced)that4.It+seems/appears that.5.It doesnt matter that It 作形式主语的句型作形式主语的句型:a.(preferable)It is ha
17、rd to master a foreign language.=(correct)To master a foreign language is hard.b.(preferable)It is important to know how to use a computer.=(correct)To know how to use a computer is important.B.when the subject is a to-infinitive.C.when the subject is a v-ing form.a.(preferable)Smoking is difficult
18、to stop.=(correct)It is difficult to stop smoking.b.(preferable)Travelling to Beijing takes up a lot of my time.=(correct)It takes a lot of my time travelling to Beijing.We usually use the empty subjectit with a clause or to-infinitive(preferable),but with the v-ing form we prefer the real subject a
19、t the beginning.Tip2.It can also be used before seem,appear,happen,chance,turn out and prove as the empty subject of a sentence.a.It seems that he speaks two languages.=He seems to speak two languages.b.It happens that my new neighbourcomes from my home town.=My new neighbour happens to come from my
20、 home town.3.We can emphasize the subject,object,or adverbial in a sentence by using it+be+the word/phrase you emphasize+a clause introduced by that or who.a.It was last night(not any other time)that I read about the history of English.If we do not emphasize anything,the sentence can be:I read about
21、 the history of English last night.1.It is Prof.Li who teaches us English.强调主语强调主语2.It is English that Prof.Li teaches us.强调宾语强调宾语3.It was in Shanghai that I saw the film.强调状语强调状语强调句强调句A on Page 31 B on page 31 III.ExercisesA.2.It depends upon what you see and hear to decide what they are.3.It alway
22、s puzzles me why my dog barks in certain ways.4.It wont be difficult buying a machine like this.AnswersB.2.It is because there are several racial groups living in Singapore that Singapore has four official languages.3.It is for you that Ive brought something special from Singapore.4.It will be somet
23、hing next week that Ill give it to you.1.I think it no use arguing with you.2.I found it interesting to play football.3.We thought it strange that he did not come.IV.作形式宾语作形式宾语当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式/动名词动名词/宾语从句时宾语从句时:1.乘宇宙飞船去月球是可能的。乘宇宙飞船去月球是可能的。It is possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship.2.
24、我发现学好英语是很重要的。我发现学好英语是很重要的。I find it very important to learn English well.V.Translation3.他似乎已经知道问题的答案。他似乎已经知道问题的答案。It seems that he has known the answer to the problem.4.他的父母是死在二战中。他的父母是死在二战中。It was in the Second World War that his parents died.5.我们在哪儿听报告还没定。我们在哪儿听报告还没定。It hasnt been decided where well listen to the report.HomeworkC2 on page 94
