1、1The The SubjectSubject Clause Clause主语从句主语从句名词性从句（三）名词性从句（三）2一、主语从句的定义一、主语从句的定义二、主语从句的构成二、主语从句的构成三、主语从句的引导词三、主语从句的引导词四、四、it it 可作形式主语可作形式主语五、主语从句需注意的问题五、主语从句需注意的问题3找出下列句子中的主语：找出下列句子中的主语：1)You are a student.1)You are a student.2)His job is important.2)His job is important.3)To find your way can be a
2、 problem.3)To find your way can be a problem.4)Smoking is bad for you.4)Smoking is bad for you.5)What he does is important.5)What he does is important.4一、主语从句的定义：一、主语从句的定义：在复合句中位于谓语动词或系动词之前充当主在复合句中位于谓语动词或系动词之前充当主语的句子，叫主语从句。语的句子，叫主语从句。That he is still alive is a wonder.That he is still alive is a won
3、der.二、主语从句的构成：二、主语从句的构成：引导词引导词 +简单句简单句 +谓语动词谓语动词/系动词系动词+其他其他成分成分.What he wantsWhat he wants is is a book.a book.5三、主语从句的引导词：三、主语从句的引导词：从属连词从属连词:that,whether:that,whether；连接代词连接代词:who,whom,whose,which,what:who,whom,whose,which,what；whatever whatever，whoeverwhoever，whicheverwhichever 连接副词连接副词:when,whe
4、re,how,why:when,where,how,why。61.1.that that that that引导主语从句引导主语从句,that,that在从句中只起连接作在从句中只起连接作用，用，不作成分，没有意义，不能省略。不作成分，没有意义，不能省略。That he will comeThat he will come is certain.is certain.2.whether 2.whether 1)whether1)whether引导主语从句，译为引导主语从句，译为“是否是否”,”,不能省不能省略。略。1.1.if if 不能引导表语从句。不能引导表语从句。Whether hell
5、 come hereWhether hell come here is a problem.is a problem.7 3.who,whom,whose,what,which3.who,whom,whose,what,which when,where,how,why when,where,how,why1)wh-1)wh-词各有自己的实际意义，词各有自己的实际意义，2)2)在从句中作成分，在从句中作成分，3)3)不能省略，不能省略，4 4）从句中要用陈述语序。）从句中要用陈述语序。Who will write the poemWho will write the poem has not b
6、een has not been decided yet.decided yet.Whom she borrowed money fromWhom she borrowed money from still puzzled still puzzled him.him.Which side will winWhich side will win is not clear.is not clear.What she said todayWhat she said today was quite right.was quite right.8When he will be backWhen he w
7、ill be back depends on the weather.depends on the weather.Where the test will be givenWhere the test will be given is not yet decided.is not yet decided.Where and when he was bornWhere and when he was born is a secret.is a secret.Why he came hereWhy he came here is not known.is not known.How we can
8、protect the endangered animalsHow we can protect the endangered animals needs to be discussed.needs to be discussed.How many people died in the earthquakeHow many people died in the earthquake was unknown.was unknown.9注意：注意：whateverwhatever，whoeverwhoever，whicheverwhichever在主在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，语从句
9、中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语或表语等。并在从句中作主语、宾语或表语等。Whoever comesWhoever comes will be welcome.(whoever=the will be welcome.(whoever=the person who)person who)来的人将受到欢迎。来的人将受到欢迎。WhateverWhatever he did he did was right.(whatever=the was right.(whatever=the thing that)thing that)他所做的事情是正确的。他所做的事情是正确的。Whic
10、heverWhichever of you comes in of you comes in will receive a will receive a prize.prize.(whichever=anyone of you who)(whichever=anyone of you who)你们当中不论哪你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。个进来将会得到奖励。10四、四、it it 可作形式主语可作形式主语 为了使句子保持平衡，避免头重脚轻为了使句子保持平衡，避免头重脚轻,经常用经常用 it it 作作形式主语形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.其结构为：其结构
11、为：It+It+谓语动词谓语动词/系动词系动词+宾语宾语/表语表语+主语从句主语从句.例如例如:That we shall be late is certain.That we shall be late is certain.=It is certain =It is certain that we shall be latethat we shall be late.1.That the earth is round is known to all.1.That the earth is round is known to all.=It is known to all =It is kn
12、own to all that the earth is that the earth is roundround.2.whether they would support us was a 2.whether they would support us was a problem.problem.=It was a problem =It was a problem whether they would whether they would support ussupport us.111.1.It+be+It+be+形容词形容词+that +that 从句从句(obviousobvious
13、,true,surprising,good,wonderf,true,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,ul,funny,possible,likely,certainlikely,certain,),)如：如：It is certainIt is certain that she will do well in he that she will do well in her examr exam.2.It+be+2.It+be+名词词组名词词组+that +that 从句从句 (an honor,a fact,a pity,(an honor,
14、a fact,a pity,）如：）如：Its a pityIts a pity that we cant gothat we cant go.用用it it 作形式主语的结构：作形式主语的结构：123.It+be+3.It+be+过去分词过去分词+that +that 从句从句 (said,reported,believed,said,reported,believed,suggested,known,suggested,known,thought,expected,decided,thought,expected,decided,）如：如：It is saidIt is said that
15、 Mr.Green has arrived in Bthat Mr.Green has arrived in Beijingeijing.=Mr.Green is said to have arrived in=Mr.Green is said to have arrived in Beijing.Beijing.主语主语+is said +is said to do to do to be doingto be doingto have done(to have done(动作发生在动作发生在 is is said said 之前之前)to have been doneto have bee
16、n doneto have been doingto have been doing13He is said to go abroad soon.He is said to go abroad soon.据说他不久要出国。据说他不久要出国。表示不定式所表示的动作尚未发生或将要发生表示不定式所表示的动作尚未发生或将要发生The tigers are said to be endangered.The tigers are said to be endangered.据说这些据说这些虎处于濒危状态虎处于濒危状态表示一般情况表示一般情况(尤其是当不定式表示状态而非动作时尤其是当不定式表示状态而非动作
17、时)。They are said to be researching into the question.They are said to be researching into the question.所说所说他们正在研究这个问题。他们正在研究这个问题。The film is said to have been going on for two The film is said to have been going on for two months.months.据说这部电影已经据说这部电影已经 上演两个月了。上演两个月了。This book is said to have been t
18、ranslated into This book is said to have been translated into several foreign languages.several foreign languages.据说这本书已经据说这本书已经 被译被译成好几种外语。成好几种外语。144.It+4.It+不及物动词或短语不及物动词或短语+that +that 从句从句(seem,happen,doesnt matter,(seem,happen,doesnt matter,）如：如：It happenedIt happened that I was out that daythat
19、 I was out that day.(.(碰巧碰巧)It seems It seems that he has known itthat he has known it.(.(好像好像.).)It doesnt matterIt doesnt matter whether she will come or notwhether she will come or not.15注意注意:that that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+should+动词原形），动词原形），should should 可以省去。可以省去。1.1.It is suggested(o
20、rdered,required.)It is suggested(ordered,required.)that.+(should)do“that.+(should)do“据建议；有命令据建议；有命令,有人有人要求要求”该句型中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词该句型中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时时e.g.It is suggestede.g.It is suggested that we that we（shouldshould）go at go at once.once.It is required It is required that everyone here should
21、 be able that everyone here should be able to use computer.to use computer.1.1.2.It is important/necessary/strange.2.It is important/necessary/strange.that.+(should)dothat.+(should)do2.2.e.g.It is important e.g.It is important that the students learn that the students learn English wellEnglish well.
22、3.3.It is strange It is strange that you should like himthat you should like him.4.4.It is necessary It is necessary that you should master the that you should master the computercomputer.161.1.主语从句的主语从句的“that”“that”一般不能省；一般不能省；2.2.主语从句中用陈述语序；主语从句中用陈述语序；3.3.主语从句只能用主语从句只能用whetherwhether引导，不能用引导，不能用if
23、if引引导；导；五、五、主语从句需注意的问题主语从句需注意的问题174.4.主语从句后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数；主语从句后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数；Whether hell come here _(be)not clear.Whether hell come here _(be)not clear.5.what5.what引导主语从句时，谓语动词：引导主语从句时，谓语动词：1 1）常与其后的名词表语一致）常与其后的名词表语一致 2 2）根据句子的语境而定。）根据句子的语境而定。What you left _(be)only several old books.What you left _
24、(be)only several old books.What you said _(be)of great importance.What you said _(be)of great importance.isisareareisis 181.Where shall we spend the holiday 1.Where shall we spend the holiday isnt decided.isnt decided.2.You have made a mistake is a fact.2.You have made a mistake is a fact.3.That is
25、certain that we can win.3.That is certain that we can win.4.If the policemen will come is not 4.If the policemen will come is not certain.certain.we shallwe shallThatThatItIt WhetherWhether改错练习改错练习:195.It is say that he was a famous writer.6.It is seemed that it is going to rain soon.7.Who leaves th
26、e room last ought to turn off the lights.said said seemsseemsWhoeverWhoever201._ he said is true.1._ he said is true.A.What B.That C.Which A.What B.That C.Which D.WhetherD.Whether2._ you have done might do harm 2._ you have done might do harm to other people.to other people.A.That A.That B.What B.Wh
27、at C.Which C.Which D.This D.This 3._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be 3._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.held in Beijing is not known yet.A.Whenever B.If C.Whether A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That D.That 单项选择：单项选择：214.It worried her a bit _ her hair 4.It worried her a
28、bit _ her hair was turning white.was turning white.A.while A.while B.that B.that C.if C.if D.for D.for 5._ he said at the meeting shocked 5._ he said at the meeting shocked everybody present.everybody present.A.What A.What B.That C.The fact D.B.That C.The fact D.The matter The matter 6._ we cant get
29、 seems better than 6._ we cant get seems better than _ we have._ we have.A.What;what B.What;A.What;what B.What;that C.That;that that C.That;that D.That;what D.That;what 227._ well go camping tomorrow 7._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.depends on the weather.A.If A.If B.Whether B.Whe
30、ther C.That C.That D.D.Where Where 8._ you dont like him is none of 8._ you dont like him is none of my business.my business.A.What A.What B.Who B.Who C.That C.That D.D.Whether Whether 9._ caused the accident is still a 9._ caused the accident is still a complete plete mystery.A.What A.What B.That B
31、.That C.How C.How D.D.Where Where 23LEVEL 1LEVEL 1翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。1.What he wants is a book.1.What he wants is a book.2.It is strange that you should like him.2.It is strange that you should like him.3.Im so glad that I can make friends with you.3.Im so glad that I can make friends wit
32、h you.4.This is why he did it.4.This is why he did it.5.That he wants a book is certain.5.That he wants a book is certain.6.I suggested just now we(should)take part in this 6.I suggested just now we(should)take part in this petition.7.Whether you like him or not doesnt matter too much.7.Whether you
33、like him or not doesnt matter too much.8.He doesnt know whether you can sing it well.8.He doesnt know whether you can sing it well.9.The problem is whether you can sing it well.9.The problem is whether you can sing it well.10.Please tell me who your monitor is.10.Please tell me who your monitor is.主
34、语从句主语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句24LEVEL 1LEVEL 1翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。1.1.What he wantsWhat he wants is a book.is a book.2.It is strange 2.It is strange that you should like himthat you should like him.3.Im so glad 3.Im so glad that I can make friends with you.that I can make friends
35、with you.4.This is 4.This is why he did it.why he did it.5.5.That he wants a book That he wants a book is certain.is certain.6.I suggested just now 6.I suggested just now we(should)take part in this we(should)take part in this petition.7.7.Whether you like him or not Whether you like him or not does
36、nt matter too much.doesnt matter too much.8.He doesnt know 8.He doesnt know whether you can sing it well.whether you can sing it well.9.The problem is 9.The problem is whether you can sing it well.whether you can sing it well.10.Please tell me 10.Please tell me who your monitor is.who your monitor is.主语从句主语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句感谢下感谢下载载
