1、阅读理解解题技巧阅读理解解题技巧一、日常阅读理解学习目标：一、日常阅读理解学习目标：1）了解中考阅读理解题的特点。2）掌握简单有效的四种阅读策略和解题 策略，以提高答题正确率。3）通过大量的训练实践进行观察，思考，归纳，运用，熟练并能有效地运用各 种策略，锻炼思维及实践操作能力。4)形成正确清晰的解题思路，掌握 有效的技巧，在课堂上通过亲身体验各种解题技巧的形成和运用，得到思维的锻炼。逐步地从“了解策略掌握策略熟练运用策略”发展，实现从“学读”到“会读”再到“乐读”的转变，培养自主学习的能力，并有效提高英语成绩。二、命题依据二、命题依据：根据英语课程标准对阅读理解五级的目标 部分描述如下：1、
2、能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料；2、能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的 含义；3、能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局；4、能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策 略获取信息；5、能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系；6、除教材外，课外阅读量应累计达到15万词 以上。三、命题形式 近年来安徽省省英语中考阅读理解题为客观题型阅读、任务型阅读，考生只有较快地读懂材料，抓住短文大意，获取关键的信息，才能对问题作出正确的判断。做阅读理解题，必须分清类型，对症下药，还要运用一定的解题技巧，才能将各类阅读问题应用自如。四、命题特点命题特点 (1)体裁与题材 近近5 5年安年安徽省中考英
3、语阅读理解徽省中考英语阅读理解语篇语篇A篇篇B篇篇C篇篇D篇篇2015年年SusanSusan父母间父母间的爱（故事）的爱（故事）介绍介绍Honesty Honesty DayDay有助于好睡有助于好睡眠的建议眠的建议男人做家务情况调查男人做家务情况调查E篇：篇：寓言故事寓言故事（5,5,15）2016年年马可波罗在马可波罗在中国的经历中国的经历和感受和感受现代机器人现代机器人技术技术关于橄榄油关于橄榄油介绍介绍一个乐于助人的小男孩一个乐于助人的小男孩E篇：篇：攀岩运动攀岩运动（10,10,15）2018年年中国古代儿中国古代儿童休闲活动童休闲活动世界各国面世界各国面试试英国人的花英国人的花园
4、园科技与城市科技与城市E篇：生活与问题篇：生活与问题(10,15,15)2017年年介绍了中国介绍了中国和英国两国和英国两国家不同的茶家不同的茶文化文化.三首表达相三首表达相同主题同主题“family and love”的诗歌的诗歌作者作者对对“智智能手机使生能手机使生活更便捷活更便捷”提出了自己提出了自己的的不同不同见解见解终结贫苦的尝试与努力终结贫苦的尝试与努力E篇：生活与问题篇：生活与问题(10,15,15)2019年年太平洋岛国太平洋岛国成为中国游成为中国游客近年的热客近年的热门选择门选择新型锻炼方新型锻炼方式式水中水中锻炼锻炼DoyneDoyne为贫困为贫困战乱中的儿战乱中的儿童做出
5、的帮童做出的帮助与贡献助与贡献淡水资源匮乏及海水淡淡水资源匮乏及海水淡化需求化需求E篇：学会走路的启示：篇：学会走路的启示：成功要靠自己成功要靠自己(15,15,15)（2）考查方式）考查方式 一、细节理解题一、细节理解题（2018安徽）when he was in a meeting,he suddenly stopped talking,deep in thought 1.Walt Disney was_ when he got an idea for a new cartoon.A.making a film B.telling a story C.having a meeting D.
6、sitting in a gardenC（2）考查方式）考查方式 一、细节理解题一、细节理解题 解题技巧：该题型考查把握文章的事实和细节的能力。此类型的问题多以what/who/which/when/where/how/why 等词引导，就文中某句、某段或某一个具体细节进行提问。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息比如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些需要在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。（2）考查方式）考查方式 二、推理判断题二、推理判断题（2017安徽）broadcast/br:dk:st/n.C a pr
7、ogramme on the radio or on TV:a radio news broadcast/live broadcast(a programme that you see or hear at the same time as the events are happening)2.These texts are probably from_.A.a magazine.B.a dictionary.C.a newspaper.D.an advertisement.B（2）考查方式）考查方式二、推理判断题二、推理判断题解题技巧：该题型要求透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，要求对作
8、者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展做出正确的推理与判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。这类试题常以如下句式发问：What can you conclude from the passage?Whats the authors attitude towards?We can infer from the passage thatWhich statement is(not)true?这就要求在阅读时从以下方面着手：1.首先要以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，忠实于原文。由已知推测未知，遵循“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”的原则。（2）考查方式）考查方式二、推理判断题二、推理判断题2.
9、其次，在吃透文章字面意思的基础上，再从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索。可以根据文章中所阐述的细节，再结合自己所掌握的基础知识、有关背景知识或常识来进行分析与推敲，然后通过综合判断进行合乎逻辑的推理。3.明确文章的体裁、题材和文章的基调，揣摩作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展方向，悟出作者的言外之意，要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构等。（2）考查方式）考查方式 三、词义猜测题三、词义猜测题（2015安徽）some people work extra hours because they want to make more money.However,many companies dont pay
10、overtime.3.The word“extra”in paragraph 3 means_.A.正常的 B.额外的C.有用的 D.少量的B（2）考查方式）考查方式 三、词义猜测题三、词义猜测题解题技巧：此类题型考查根据上下文猜测生词含义的能力。那么，猜词的技巧有哪些呢？1.利用构词法猜词阅读中常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词。掌握构词法对猜测词义有很大帮助。2.利用同义词、近义词、反义词猜词在生词所出现的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义、近义或相反的词语或语句，这时可根据熟悉的词语推测生词的含义。（2）考查方式）考查方式三、词义猜测题三、词义猜测题3.利用上下文语境猜词利用上下文提供的
11、情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的关键步骤之一，也是近年来的考查热点。4.利用定义和解释猜词有些文章，特别是说明性的科技文章，通常会对一些关键词给予定义，我们可以利用定义来猜测这些词的意思。（2）考查方式）考查方式 四、主旨大意题四、主旨大意题（2019合肥模拟）Now satellites are helping to forecast the weather.They are in space,and they can reach any part of the world5.The main idea of this passage is that satelli
12、tes are now used in_.A.taking pictures of the earth B.receiving pictures of the atmosphereC.weather forecasting D.watching pictures of cloudsC（2）考查方式）考查方式 四、主旨大意题四、主旨大意题解题技巧：该类型题目考查对文章的主题、标题、中心思想的理解程度及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。主题思想是文章的核心。能否抓住文章的主题思想，是阅读能力的重要体现。要准确地抓住文章的主题思想，就要十分留意文章的主题句（Topic Sentence）。有的文章一开始
13、就亮出主题，全文随着主题而展开。（2）考查方式）考查方式 四、主旨大意题四、主旨大意题有的文章则需要抓住文中具有概括性的信息，从上下文连贯的意思来理解全文，看作者主要谈的是什么，透过文字叙述的过程来归纳主题，再从选择项中找出最符合表达主题思想的选项。有些干扰项，从局部看也许不算错，但从全局看却又片面。这类干扰项与正确答案之差，其实是局部与全局之差。在做题时不要被局部现象迷惑，而忽略了文章的整体思想。（2）An example:(2015安徽安徽)Many people say that they are working too many hours.They dont have enough
14、time to relax or to stay with their family.Work hours are different from one country to another.In France,people spend about 1646 hours a year at work.In Japan,however,people work about 2159 hours a year.That means a Japanese worker works 513 more hours a year than a French worker.Why do people work
15、 so many hours?Some people work extra hours because they want to make more money.However,manycompanies dont pay overtime.Their workers dont get more pay for more work.Some are afraid of losing their jobs if they dont work more hours.（2）An example:(2015安徽安徽)Many people say that their vacations are to
16、o short.In France,people get five weeks of paid vacation a year.In Germany,they get four to six weeks,and in the United States,two weeks.One study shows fewer than half of workers used all their vacation days.In Great Britain,there is a saying,“All work and no play makes Jack a dull(迟钝的)boy.”If that
17、 is true,there must be a lot of dull people in the world.（2）An example:(2015安徽安徽)1.A Japanese worker works _ more hours a year than a French one.A.513 B.1646 C.2159 D.3805 2.The word“extra”in Para.3 means_.A.正常的 B.额外的 C.有用的 D.少量的 3.People in _ get only two weeks of paid vacation a year.A.France B.Ge
18、rmany C.the United States D.Great BritainABC(2)An example:(2015安徽安徽)4.Which of the following is true according to the passage?_A.No companies offer vacations to their workers.B.Many people say they have enough time to relax.C.Not all companies pay their workers for more work.D.More than half of work
19、ers use all their vacation days.5.What can we infer from the passage?_A.Many workers have to work long hours.B.Many people have vacations long enough.C.Work hours are the same around the world.D.There are a lot of dull people in the world.CA （2）考查方式）考查方式 五、任务型阅读：五、任务型阅读：1、找准题眼、找准题眼 2、精炼答语、精炼答语Rememb
20、er when you were a little child trying to learn to walk?First,you had to learn how to balance(平衡)yourself and stand.You fell down,and then got back up.You laughed sometimes and cried at other times.After much practice,you finally learned how to balance yourself.You got much pleasure from this new fe
21、eling of poweryoud stand everywhere you could.It was a happy timeyou did it!Now the next stepwalking.Youd seen others do it.It didnt look that hardjust move your legs while you were standing.Wrongmore difficult than you ever imagined.But after you tried again and again and again,you understood how t
22、o walk.If people found you walking,they cheered,Oh,look at what the kid is doing.This encouraged you!But look back on those days when you were the little childhow many times did you try when no one was watching,or when no one was cheering?You couldnt wait for someone to encourage you to take the nex
23、t steps.You learned how to encourage yourself.So,keep trying and encouraging yourself as you learned to walk if you want to succeed in doing something.2019年安徽省中考E篇浏览题目,明确任务88.What is the first step in learning to walk?(不超过15个词)_89.When did you understand how to walk?(不超过15个词)_90.What should you do i
24、f you want to succeed in doing something?(不超过15个词)_寻找题眼88.What is the first step in learning to walk?(不超过15个词)文本核心词定位First,you had to learn how to balance(平衡)yourself and stand.89.When did you understand how to walk?(不超过15个词)寻找题眼文本核心词定位 after you tried again and again and again,you understood how to
25、 walk.90.What should you do if you want to succeed in doing something?(不超过15个词)寻找题眼文本核心词定位So,keep trying and encouraging yourself as you learned to walk if you want to succeed in doing something.任务型阅读答题注意事项：1.词数2.人称3.时态用精炼的语言作答用精炼的语言作答 五、命题趋势五、命题趋势 体裁多样，题材涉及广泛，时代感强。考查项目以细节理解为主，兼顾一定数量的词义猜测题，推理判断题和主旨大意题。近几年细节理解题数量有所下降，推理判断题和主旨大意题数量有所增加，说明对学生的阅读理解能力要求有所提高。六、阅读五忌：一忌不带问题 二忌草率行事三忌主观印象四忌囫囵定案 五忌忽略时间 七、复习建议：七、复习建议：1、巩固、扩大词汇(包括词组、短语和构词法)，夯实语法知识，提高对长句，难句的理解能力。2、提高阅读的速度，注意培养快速阅读的习惯。3、大量阅读，注意选材，阅读要有针对性。Thanks for listening!
