1、发生快，消退也快发生快，消退也快常引起生理功能紊乱，几乎不发生严重组织细胞损伤常引起生理功能紊乱，几乎不发生严重组织细胞损伤有明显个体差异和遗传背景有明显个体差异和遗传背景（一）（一）allergenCommon allergens（二）（二）IgEallergin-IgEallergin-IgEIgE +mast cell&basophilsensitization（三）（三）mast cell,basophil and high-affinity IgE Fc receptor on their surfacePreformed mediators（四）（四）Eosinophil 三三 c
2、linical common disease(一一)Systemic anaphylaxis:drug anaphylactic shock serum anaphylactic shock(二)Respiratory anaphylaxis:Anaphylactic rhinitis Anaphylactic asthma(三)alimentary tract anaphylaxis (四)Skin anaphylaxis:Urticaria,eczemaRagweedControlHistamineSkin test for allergy四四 principle of Treatment
3、s for allergy(一）一）test for allergen：skin test(二）二）desensitivity therapy（三）（三）medicine therapy（四）（四）new immunotherapyNew therapy for asthma and allergy:blocking the Fc portion of IgE from binding to the Fce eR on mast cellsType II hypersensitivityis caused by antibodies to altered cell-surface compon
4、entstarget cells and their surface antigenTarget cellsSurface antigen on target cells 二 diseases of type II hypersensitivityTransfusion reactionAutoimmune haemolytic anaemialung haemorrage-nephritis syndrome/Goodpastures syndromeHaemolytic disease of the newbornDrug induced hypocytosisThyrotoxicosis
5、/Graves disease一一 Mechanism of type III hypersensitivity（一）（一）formation of intermediate size immune complex and deposition（二）（二）mechanism of tissue injury produced by immune complex deposition1.Action of complement2.neutrophil3.Action of platelet二二 clinical common diseases（一）（一）local immune complex
6、diseaseArthus反应反应 类类Arthus反应反应autoimmunityself antigenkidney,joint,arteries,skinpersistent infectionbacterial,viral,parasitic,etc.infected organ,kidneyinhaled antigensmold,plant or animal antigenlunginjected materialserumkidney,skin,arteries,jointcauseantigensite of deposition（二）（二）systemic immune c
7、omplex diseaseClinical common diseaseInfectious delayed hypersensitivityContact dermatitisantibodyIgEIgG,IgMIgG,IgMnoneantigenExogenouscell surfacecellularsolubleresponse time15-30 min.Min.-hrs3-8 hours48-72 hoursor longerappearanceWeal&flareLysis&necrosisErythema&edemaErythema&indurationbaso-and eosinophilsAb and complementhistologyPMN andcomplementMonocytes&lymphocytesT-cellsantibodyantibodyantibodytransfer with
