1、大学英语四级考试大学英语四级考试语法难点总评语法难点总评周雪周雪2004.11.25一虚拟语气1.时态 意义条件从句主句 与现在事实相反 动词一般过去式did Should(would,could,might)+do 与过去事实相反过去完成时had done Should(would)+have+done与将来事实相反1Were+不定式（were+to do）2Should+动词原形 Should/would+do 2.固定的动词要求要求要求要求askrequiredemandinsistdesiremaintainproposesuggesturgeadviserecommendmove c
2、ommandorderdemand arrangedecide 例如：It has been decided that the general meeting be postponed till next week.3.在形式主语的结构中在形式主语的结构中1)在有特殊形容词的句套里It is necessary thatIt is imperative thatIt is essential thatIt is important thatIt is strange thatIt is natural thatIt is desirable thatIt is incredible thatI
3、t is advisable that2）在有特殊名词的句套里 It is a pity that It is a shame that It is no wonder that4在特殊名词的同位语从句中suggestion,proposal,order,request,plan,idea,recommendation,motion5.expect,believe,think,suspect 动词在否定或疑问形式重。例如：I never thought that she should be such a worldly girl.6.If only,would(that),d rather(w
4、ould rather,had rather)as if例如：If only I had not cheated at the exam.Would(that)I were young again.7.It is time 从句 It is high time It is about time you got up.二主谓语一致half of thethe rest of theenough of the 单数名词单数动词复数名词复数动词lots ofheaps ofloads of不可数名词 单数动词 复数可数名词 复数动词 a portion ofa series ofa group of
5、 复数可数名词 单数动词(a)part of 单数名词单数动词复数名词复数动词a kind(sort)of单数名词 单数动词 分数、百分数+of 单数名词单数动词复数名词复数动词One of the+复数名词+who(that/which)+复数动词例如：1.Half of the laboratory was damaged in the explosion.2.Half of the buildings in the neighborhood were destroyed in the earthquake.3.Loads of milk was given to them free.4.
6、A series of debates between the major candidates was scheduled for the Labor Day weekend.5.A part of the land is devoted to agriculture.6.Three-fourths of the earths surface is sea.7.Over 40 percent of the teachers are against the plan.8.She is one of the few girls who are acquainted with the old po
7、et.2.the+形容词（分词形容词）形容词（分词形容词）+复数动词复数动词The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.3.并列主语在意义上指同一事物、人等1）The secretary and account of the company was absent at the meeting.2）Whisky and soda is always my favorite drink.3）There is a knife and fork on the table.4.every and every and every each.a
8、nd each.and each 后都跟单数名词后都跟单数名词Every flower and tree is to be cut down in the land.5.the+形容词形容词and the+形容词形容词+单数名词单数名词=复数名词复数名词The red and the white rose are withering in the cold.6.or,eitheror,neithernor,not only,but also 是就近原则是就近原则1)Neither he nor you are wrong.2)Not only the switches but also the
9、 old wiring has been replaced.7.none of+单数名词单数名词=单数动单数动词词 none of+复数名词复数名词=复数动复数动词词8 主语主语+as well as(as much as/rather than/more than/no less than)词组：看主语是单数词组：看主语是单数或复数或复数 Some of the workers,as well as the manager,were working during the holiday.9.单 数 主 语单 数 主 语+w i t h(a l o n g with/together with/except)用单用单数动词数动词Kate,together with her sisters,goes to work by subway every day.10.there be 句型用就近原则句型用就近原则There is my wife and family to consider.There are many books and a computer on the table.
